ASANSOL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Department of CSBS
Course Name: Machine Learning
Course Code: ESC(CSBS) 502
Semester: 5th
Topic: PPT Assignment
Academic Session: Odd-Semester
June 2022 – December 2022
By:
Name : HAIMANTI SADHU
University Roll No : 10831120015
Department: Computer Science and Business Systems (CSBS)
 History of Machine Learning

The name machine learning was coined in 1959 by Arthur Samuel Tom M. Mitchell provided a widely
quoted, more formal definition of the algorithms studied in the machine learning field.

Alan Turing’s proposal in his paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”, in which the question
“Can machine think?” is replaced with the question “Can machines do what we (as thinking entities) can
do?”
a
Difference between traditional computer and
machine learning
Traditional programming is a manual process—meaning a person (programmer) creates the program. But
without anyone programming the logic, one has to manually formulate or code rules. In machine learning, on the
other hand, the algorithm automatically formulates the rules from the data.

o Some machine learning algorithms are:

I. Neural Networks
II. Random Forests
III. Decision trees
IV. Genetic algorithm
V. Radial basis function
VI. Sigmoid
What is Machine Learning
Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence which allow the system by gaining experience
learning without explicitly programmed.

It is learning from examples and experience.

As intelligence requires knowledge, it is necessary for the computers to acquire knowledge.

It describes how computer perform tasks on their own by previous experiences. Therefore, we can
say in machine language artificial intelligence is generated on the basis of experience.
Machine Learning as a Process

Define - Define measurable and quantifiable

Objectives goals
- Use this stage to learn about the
- Study models accuracy problem
- Work better than the
naive - Normalization
approach or previous Model - Transformation
system Deployment - Missing Values
Data
- Do the results make Preparation - Outliers
sense in the context of
the problem
- Data Splitting
- Features Engineering
- Estimating
Performance
- Evaluation and
Model Model Model Selection
Evaluation Building
Types of Machine Learning
I. Supervised (inductive) learning
- Training data includes desired outputs
- Applied in bioinformatics, database marketing, spam detection
II. Unsupervised learning
- Training data does not include desired outputs
- Ex: K-means clustering, hierarchical clustering
III. Semi-supervised learning
- Training data includes a few desired outputs
- Ex: Text document classifier
IV. Reinforcement learning
- Rewards from sequence of actions
- Applied in healthcare, finance, recommendation systems
- Ex: Game theory, Control theory
Application of Machine Learning
I. Face detection
II. Object detection and recognition
III. Image segmentation
IV. Multimedia image detection
V. Economical and commercial usage
VI. Traffic prediction
VII. Virtual Personal Assistant
VIII. Speech recognition
IX. Email spam and malware filtering
X. Bioinformatics
XI. Natural language processing
Advantages of Machine Learning

I. Fast, Accurate, Efficient.

II. Automation of most applications.
III. Wide range of real-life applications.
IV. Enhanced cyber security and spam detection.
V. No human Intervention is needed.
VI. Handling multi-dimensional data.
Disadvantages of Machine Learning

I. It is very difficult to identify and rectify the errors.

II. Data Acquisition.
III. Interpretation of results Requires more time and space.