Electronics III (Fall 2019)

Final Examination
[Total 100 pts. Close book, Close notes]

1. (10 pts.) [The Filter Transfer Function]

Find the order N and the form of T(s) of a bandpass Filter having transmission zeros as follows: one
at =0, one at =103 rad/s, one at =3103 rad/s, and one at =. If the filter has a monotonically
decreasing passband transmission with a peak at the center frequency of 2103 rad/s, and equiripple
response in the stopband, sketch the shape of its |T|.

2. (12 pts.) [The Butterworth Filter]

In this class, we discussed a systematic design procedure in finding the transfer function of a
Butterworth filter that meets a given specifications. Please describe the procedures. Some equations
𝐾𝜔0𝑁
you may need in answering this question: 𝑇(𝑠) = (𝑠−𝑝 𝜖 = √10𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 ⁄10 − 1
1 )(𝑠−𝑝2 )⋯(𝑠−𝑝𝑁 )

2𝑁
𝜔
𝜔0 = 𝜔𝑝 (1⁄𝜖 )1⁄𝑁 and 𝐴(𝜔𝑠 ) = 10log [1 + 𝜖 2 (𝜔 𝑠 ) ]
𝑝

3. (18 pts.) [Second-Order Filter Function]

(a) (Note: 3(a) is a relatively difficult problem) Show that |T| of a second bandpass function is
geometrically symmetrical around the center frequency 0. That is, the members of each pair
frequencies and for which |T(j1)|=|T(j2)| are related by 12=(0)2. (12 pts.)
(b) Find the Q factor of the second-order bandpass filter that meets specifications of the form in Fig.
3 where p1=8100 rad/s, p1=10,000 rad/s, and Amax=3dB.

4. (10 pts.) [Switch-Capacitor Filters]

For a dc voltage of 1V applied to the input of the circuit shown below, in which C1 is 1pF, what
charge is transferred for each cycle of the two-phase clock? For a 100-kHz clock, what is the
average current drawn from the input source? For an amplifier feedback capacitance of 10pF,
what change would you expect in the output for each cycle of the clock? For an amplifier that

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 saturates at 10V and the feedback capacitor initially discharged, how many clock cycles would
it take to saturate the amplifier? What is the average slope of the staircase output voltage produced?

5. (10 pts.) [Cross-Coupled LC oscillator]

Design the cross-coupled LC oscillator of Fig. 5 to operate at a resonance frequency 0 = 20 Grad/s.
The inductors available have inductance L = 5 nH and quality factor Q = 10. If the transistor output
resistance ro = 5 k, find the required value of C and the minimum required value of gm at which Q1
and Q2 are to be operated. (10 pts.)

Fig. 5

6. (15 pts.) [Square- and Triangular-Waveform Generators]

Please analysis and design an oscillator which uses a bistable circuit. (15%)
(a) Fig. 6. shows a square waveform generator. The positive and
negative saturation levels of the op-amp used in the bistable
circuit are L+ and L–, respectively. The trigger levels are V+ and
V–. If V = L, derive a relationship between the oscillator
period and the time-constant  = RC. (5 pts.)
(b) Follow 6(a), how to modify the circuit of Fig. 6 to generate a
triangular waveform. You are allowed to use one more op amp.
(5 pts.)
(c) Based on the conditions of 6(a), please derive a relationship Fig. 6
between the oscillator period and the RC for the circuit you
design in 6(b). (5 pts.)

7. (10 pts.) [Oscillator] (Note: problem 7 is a relatively difficult)

For the circuit in Fig. 7, break the loop at node X and find the loop gain (working backward for
simplicity to find Vx in terms of Vo). Please find 0 and and Rf (in terms of R and/or C). (10 pts.)

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 Fig. 7

8. (15 pts.) [Course Review]

(a) Please state what, at least 5 items, you have learned from this course. (Please answer this
question. You cannot obtain the points if you leave it empty.) (10 pts.)
(b) Any suggestion and/or comment to Instructor and/or TAs? (You will obtain the 5 points even if
you leave the answer for this question empty.) (5 pts.)