(Araya, 2021), pointed out the limited opportunities and settings where the Badjao

language is used, which further deprive them of economic chances.  However,

language is vital to personal and social expressions.  In terms of identity, the group
admits to experiencing discrimination.  The availability of literacy materials in their
language is uncommon.  Thus, their aspiration is to be included in the government's
education programs for an eventual increase in literacy in their community.

(Dayon, et al., 2018) revealed that through ALS literacy program, the Badjaos had
learned to read and write and developed good manners and values of cleanliness and
orderliness. Their irregularity in attendance was attributed to their need for daily
subsistence and for taking care of their young children. Meanwhile, as regards their
insights on their experiences, the learners had realized the great help of the program to
their lives. As for lessons learned, they were pleased by their teacher’s patience,
kindness, and helpfulness. They added that they had learned from the class. Finally,
they perceived that the program had built their self-confidence and character, provided
them opportunity to improve their socio-economic condition. Hence, these results imply
that ALS literacy program has a great impact on the lives of Badjaos, thus
recommending the sustainability of its operation and extension to areas where Badjaos
live.

(Panelo, et al., 2016) of which study is to describe the Badjao learners, their
learning abilities, and propose Extension Activities for Badjao Learners at Malitam
Elementary School, showed that majority of the intermediate Badjao learners excelled
more in English subject and found more difficulties in Science and Mathematics. In
developing their learning abilities, they agreed that sharing their ideas confidently with
their classmates was their main struggle. Majority of the Badjao learners were afraid to
socialize with others. They felt inferior because of their looks and status in life. In
boosting their morale, they should be given learning activities during the class session
where they could be given chances of active participation for them to develop their
confidence and gain high grades.

(Acero, 2016) in a study entitled "Maritime Commerce, Living Conditions and

Literacy of Sama-Badjaos in Davao City and its Intervention Program" showed that the
literacy skills of the subjects have an effect to the maritime commerce and living
conditions among the Sama-Badjaos in Davao City. Their ability to read and write letters
and numbers respectively contributes to their low maritime skills and their living
conditions.

(Tamayo and An, 2019) in their study entitled "Interventions to Improve the Quality
of Life of the Badjaos In Batangas City, Philippines" assessed the effectiveness of the
implementation of the programs intended for the Badjaos in Batangas City which
showed that the implementation of the programs on health and education resulted to a
great extent of impact on the quality of life of the Badjaos.

What a gift literacy is! Though it impacts our lives daily, we take the skill as a given. Yet,
in communities such as the Badjaos in the Philippines, this is not a skill taken for
granted, nor a skill that historically has existed in the community. Without this skill, it
severely limits one's life's choices. (Badjao Bridge, 2016)

The Sea Gypsies (Badjaos) stride in education since a large number of children not
taking part in education programmes. This is due to reasons of an unjustified stigma
associated with the Badjao people, which cause them to be discriminated against in
school and the employment market. (Abelgas, et al., 2019)

Lack of education and skills needed to land jobs or run businesses has forced many
Badjao to become beggars. (Philippine One, 2017).

We individual citizens may be at a loss on how to respond to a begging Badjao child, or

the sight of Badjao families living on the streets. However, our local governments have
all the resources and authority to take the lead in reaching out to the Badjao in
meaningful and humane fashion reflective of what we are: a modern, civilized and
caring society. (Cabugon, 2018)
Memon et al., (2010) found out that families with high financial status regularly have
more accomplishment in setting up their young youngsters for school since they
commonly approach a full scope of assets to advance and bolster youthful children's
improvement.

Lareau (2003) explained that the occupation of the students' parents played a significant
role in the students' academic performance indirectly. Its effect was indirect for it was
part of the socio-economic status.

Based on the 2017 Learners’ Information System of the Department of Education, Cebu
City Division, the Badjaos enrollment rate in elementary to secondary education has
been steadily declining, with an annual decrease average of 5.67% and an annual drop-
out rate of 3.1%. If this trend goes on, it can be projected that the future next generation
of the Badjaos might not have economic alleviation. Instead, they might remain jobless
or have a meager income that may lead to intergenerational poverty. Undeniably, the
Badjaos need to be educated for gainful employment, have better management have
their know small-scale businesses and gain other means of livelihood.