HUMSS 2 (PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE)

READING MATERIAL

LESSON 4 : STATE AND NATION IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION

I. Introduction
Nation and state are two similar and sometimes interchangeable yet different
concepts in political
II. Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to:
1. define nation and state;
2. differentiate nation from state;
3. explain how nation-state is created;
4. define globalization; and
5. explain how globalization influences nation-state.

III. Pretest
In your own opinion, what is, nation, state and globalization?

IV. Discussion / Course Content

STATES AND NATION IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION

State is a political community that has sovereign jurisdiction over a clearly defined
territory and exercises authority through several institutions including the government.
FEATURES OF A STATE:
1. It is a sovereign
2. Its institutions are public
3. It is an instrument of domination
4. It is a territorial association

FOUR ELEMENTS OF A STATE:

1. SOVEREIGNTY refers to both jurisdiction (the ability of a state to exercise its authority over
its territory and people) and independence (the freedom from external control
2. GOVERNMENT is the machinery of the state through which the people’s will is formulated
and carried out.
3. TERRITORY includes all the land, sea and airspace the state exercises jurisdiction on.
4. PEOPLE is the organization of human beings living together as a community.
TYPES OF STATES
A. EFFECTIVE
 The state controls and taxes the entire territory
 Laws are mostly obeyed.

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  The state provides general welfare and security
 There exists only minor corruption
B. WEAK
 Crime has penetrated politics.
 Government is weak in fighting lawlessness, corruption and poverty.
 Justice is bought and elections are often rigged.
 Governmental revenues go to private pockets
C. FAILED
 No national government exists.
 The state is ruled by warlords, private army and militias.
 “Gun” is the law
 Education and health standards decline.
Nation and state are two different but interlinked concepts. Different in the sense that
nation is a more cultural and identity-based term, while state mainly refers to a political entity
bounded by a territory and headed by a government (Quilop, 2006). Both nation and state share
the fact that they refer to a single group of people despite the difference on how these groups
are organized, with one stressing a more cultural organization and the other a more political
one.
GLOBALIZATION - Is the process through which societies have become so intertwined or
interconnected that events and decisions in one part of the world have significant effects on the
lives of people in the part of the world.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Declining relevance of geographical distance
2. Lessening significance of territorial boundaries
3. Deepening and broadening of political processes, such that the local, national and,
4. Global events constantly interact.
FORMS OF GLOBALIZATION:
1. Economic Globalization
2. Cultural Globalization
3. Political Globalization

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