Laporan PhyxioEx METEND - Rohid Alfazon

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM FISIOLOGI
MODUL METABOLIK ENDOKRIN
Disusun Oleh:
Rohid Alfazon I1011201082
PROGRAM STUDI KEDOKTERAN

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA
PONTIANAK
2022
Name: Rohid Alfazon
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results

You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly.
1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false?

You correctly answered: d. All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the chemical bonds of ATP.
2. Thyroxine is
You correctly answered: c. the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate and body temperature.
3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is

You correctly answered: b. produced in the pituitary gland.
4. An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: d. goiter development
5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is

You correctly answered: a. secreted by the hypothalamus.
6. Which of the following statements is true?

You correctly answered: b. The hypothalamus primarily secretes tropic hormones that stimulate the secretion of other
hormones.
07/22/22 page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: Make a prediction about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the remaining rats compared with the BMR
of the normal rat you just measured.
Your answer : b. The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat's BMR will be higher than the normal rat's BMR.
Predict Question 2: What do you think will happen after you inject thyroxine into the three rats?
Your answer : a. The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic and develop a goiter.
Predict Question 3: What do you think will happen after you inject TSH into the three rats?
Your answer : a. The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic and develop a goiter.
Predict Question 4: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a drug that inhibits the production of thyroxine by blocking the attachment of
iodine to tyrosine residues in the follicle cells of the thyroid gland (iodinated tyrosines are linked together to form thyroxine).
What do you think will happen after you inject PTU into the three rats?
Your answer : d. The normal rat will become hypothyroidic and develop a goiter.
Stop & Think Questions:

1h. Calculate the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat using the following equation.
ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour
Enter the oxygen consumption per hour in the field below and then click Submit Data to display your results in the Lab
Report.
You answered: 426 ml O2/hr
1i. Now that you have calculated the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat, you can calculate the metabolic rate per
kilogram of body weight with the following equation (note that you need to convert the weight data from grams to kilograms
to use this equation).
Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr
Enter the metabolic rate in the field below and then click Submit Data to display your results in the Lab Report.
You answered: 1245 ml O2/kg/hr
Report.
07/22/22 page 2
Report.
Judging from their basal metabolic rates (an indicator of thyroid function), categorize the rats as hypothyroid (low thyroid
levels; BMR below 1600), euthyroid ("good," or normal, thyroid levels; BMR = 1650-1750), or hyperthryoid (high thyroid
levels; BMR above 1800).
The normal rat is

You correctly answered: b. euthyroid
The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

You correctly answered: a. hypothyroid
The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

4c. Calculate the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat using the following equation.
Report.
07/22/22 page 3
4d. Now that you have calculated the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat, you can calculate the metabolic rate per
Report.
You answered: 1878.05 ml O2/kg/hr
Report.
levels; BMR above 1800) after the thyroxine injection.
The normal rat is

You correctly answered: c. hyperthyroid
07/22/22 page 4


Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with thyroxine (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: d. None of the rats developed a goiter with this injection.
Report.
Report.
07/22/22 page 5
Report.
levels; BMR above 1800) after the TSH injection.
The normal rat is



Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with TSH (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: a. the normal rat c. the hypophysectomized rat
Report.
07/22/22 page 6
Report.
Report.
levels; BMR above 1800) after the PTU injection.
The normal rat is

07/22/22 page 7


Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with PTU (select all that apply)?
You correctly answered: a. the normal rat
Experiment Data:
Rat Weight (g) ml O2/min ml O2/hr BMR Palpation Injected

(ml O2/kg/hr)
Normal 250 7.1 426.00 1704.00 No Mass none
Tx 246 6.3 378.00 1536.59 No Mass none
Hypox 245 6.2 372.00 1518.37 No Mass none
Normal 250 8.3 498.00 1992.00 No Mass thyroxine
Tx 246 7.7 462.00 1878.05 No Mass thyroxine
Hypox 245 7.9 474.00 1934.69 No Mass thyroxine
Normal 250 8.1 486.00 1944.00 Mass TSH
Tx 246 6.2 372.00 1512.20 No Mass TSH
Hypox 245 7.8 468.00 1910.20 Mass TSH
Normal 250 6.3 378.00 1512.00 Mass ptu
Tx 246 6.4 384.00 1560.98 No Mass ptu
Hypox 245 6.4 384.00 1567.35 No Mass ptu
07/22/22 page 8
Post-lab Quiz Results
1. How would you treat a thyroidectomized animal so that it functions like a "normal" animal?
You correctly answered: c. Provide the animal T4 supplements.
2. As a result of the missing hormone(s) in the hypophysectimized rat, what would be some expected symptoms?
You correctly answered: d. decreased basal metabolic rate
3. An injection of thyroxine to an otherwise normal rat will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: b. hyperthyroidism
4. Why didn't any of the rats develop a goiter after thyroxine injection?
You correctly answered: a. In all cases, TSH levels were not elevated by the thyroxine injection.
5. Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the TSH injection?
You correctly answered: c. The TSH receptors on the thyroid gland were excessively stimulated.
6. An injection of propylthiouracil to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: b. goiter development
7. Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the propylthiouracil injection?
You correctly answered: d. The injection decreased the negative feedback mechanism on TSH.
07/22/22 page 9
Review Sheet Results
1. Part 1: Determining the Basal Metabolic Rates
Which rat had the fastest basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Your answer:
BMR paling cepat dimiliki oleh tikus normal.
2. Why did the metabolic rates differ between the normal rat and the surgically altered rats? How well did the results
compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
Karena untuk menjaga BMR, organ ini berperan penting dalam merangsang dan mengatur pelepasan hormon tiroid. Oleh
karena itu, tikus yang organ kelenjar tiroid dan hipofisisnya telah diangkat akan memiliki BMR yang berbeda dari tikus normal.
Hal ini sesuai prediksi saya.
Sumber : Sherwood L. Fisiologi manusia: dari sel ke sistem. Edisi ke-8. Jakarta: EGC; 2013.
3. If an animal has been thyroidectomized, what hormone(s) would be missing in its blood?
Your answer:
Tikus yang mengalami tiroidektomi akan kehilangan hormon tetraiodotironin (T4, atau tiroksin) dan tri-ioditironin (T3).
4. If an animal has been hypophysectomized, what effect would you expect to see in the hormone levels in its body?
Your answer:
Efek yang terjadi adalah menyebabkan tikus kehilangan GH, FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, dan ADH. Pada kasus metabolisme
basal ketika hormon TSH tidak dapat disekresikan sehingga tidak dapat merangsang kelenjar tiroid untuk mengsekresikan
tiroksin yang akan menyebabkan penurunan BMR.
5. Part 2: Determining the Effect of Thyroxine on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the normal rat's BMR?
Your answer:
Injeksi tiroksin dapat menyebabkan Hipertiroidisme pada tikus normal
Sumber: Sherwood L. Fisiologi manusia: dari sel ke sistem. Edisi ke-8. Jakarta: EGC; 2013.
6. What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare
with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
BMR tikus yang dilakukan tiroidektomi mengalami peningkatan tetapi dosis tiroksin terlalu kecil untuk membuatnya menjadi
normal.
7. What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case
compare with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer :
07/22/22 page 10
Tikus yang dihipofisektomi mengalami peningkatan BMR namun masih mengalami hipotiroid jika dibandingkan dengan tikus
normal, dosis terlalu kecil
8. Part 3: Determining the Effect of TSH on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) injections on the normal rat's BMR?
Your answer:
Tikus yang normal menjadi hipertiroidisme dan membentuk goiter.
9. What was the effect of TSH injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare with
the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
Injeksi TSH tidak memiliki efek pada BMR tikus yang ditiroidektomi. Hal ini disebabkan, setelah diinjeksikan TSH tidak ada
kelenjar tiroid yang dapat menstimulasi sintesis tiroksin.
10. What was the effect of TSH injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare
with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of TSH in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
Tikus mengalami hipertiroid. Jika dibandingkan dengan tikus normal tanpa injeksi,,tikus yang mengalami hipofisektomi
memiliki BMR yang lebih tinggi. Dosis sudah benar.
11. Part 4: Determining the Effect of Propylthiouracil on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) injections on the normal rat's BMR? Why did this rat develop a palpable goiter?
Recall that, during the experiment, you were asked:
Your answer:
Terhambatnya pembentukan hormon tiroksin menyebabkan BMR tikus normal berkurang, hal ini disebabkan oleh injeksi
PTU, sehingga akan menyebabkan gondok lebih teraba.
12. What was the effect of PTU injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does theBMR in this case compare with
the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
Pada tikus yang dilakukan tiroidektomi efeknya tidak tampak, hal itu disebabkan karena tidak adanya kelenjar tiroid yang
dapat memengaruhi.
07/22/22 page 11
13. What was the effect of PTU injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does the BMR in this case compare
with the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
Efek suntikan PTU pada tikus yang dilakukan hipofisektomi tidak terlihat. Hal ini disebabkan tidak adanya kelenjar pituitary
pada tikus ini. BMR pada tikus ini setelah di injeksi kan PTU mengalami sedikit peningkatan
07/22/22 page 12
Name: Rohid Alfazon
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 2: Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Diabetes Mellitus Lab Report

1. Which of the following statements is false?

You correctly answered: d. Insulin is a hormone secreted into the stomach to aid with starch digestion.

You correctly answered: d. All of these statements are true.
3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that

You correctly answered: b. the pancreas is not producing sufficient insulin.
4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that

You correctly answered: c. the cells of the body are unresponsive to circulating insulin.
5. Glucagon is a hormone
You correctly answered: b. that opposes the action of insulin.
07/29/22 page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question: To measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample
Your answer : b. the optical density of the sample will be measured and the glucose concentration will be extrapolated from
the glucose standard curve.

Why does the color in the tubes vary?
You correctly answered: c. The tubes contain different amounts of glucose.
Experiment Data:
Tube Optical Density Glucose (mg/deciliter)

Part 1 1 0.30 30
2 0.50 60
3 0.60 90
4 0.80 120
5 1.00 150
Part 2 1 0.73 104
2 0.79 115
3 0.89 132
4 0.83 122
5 0.96 144
07/29/22 page 2
07/29/22 page 3
1. A male patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 115, 110, and 122 mg/dl. The healthcare provider
will inform him that
You correctly answered: c. he appears to have impairment or borderline impairment of insulin-mediated glucose uptake by
his cells.
2. To obtain an accurate spectrophotometric measurement of the glucose concentration in the sample

You correctly answered: d. heparin is added to prevent blood clots.
3. In the spectrophotometric assay used in this experiment, the as the glucose concentration in the sample
increases.
You correctly answered: b. optical density increases
4. A female patient has had successive fasting plasma glucose readings of 130, 140, and 128 mg/dl. The healthcare
provider will inform her that
You correctly answered: a. she has developed diabetes.
5. To maintain plasma glucose homeostasis

You correctly answered: d. insulin-mediated transport of glucose into cells acts as negative feedback when plasma glucose
levels rise.
6. A laboratory technician withdraws a blood sample from a vein in your upper arm knowing that
You correctly answered: b. the plasma glucose concentration will be the same in both the arm vein and the index finger.
07/29/22 page 4
1. What is a glucose standard curve, and why did you need to obtain one for this experiment? Did you correctly predict
how you would measure the amount of plasma glucose in a patient sample using the glucose standard curve?
Your answer:
Sampel menyerap radiasi elektromagnetik yang pada panjang gelombang tertentu dapat terlihat pada spektrofotometri.
Pada metode ini, sampel dengan konsentrasi yang sudah diketahui diukur absorbansinya sehingga diperoleh kurva standar
glukosa. Kurva ini digunakan untuk mencari konsentrasi sampel yang belum diketahui.
Sumber: Sartika. Analisis Kadar Glukosa dan Fruktosa Pada Beberapa Madu Murni yang Beredar di Pasaran dengan
Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Visibel. PhD Thesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar. 2011.
2. Which patient(s) had glucose reading(s) in the diabetic range? Can you say with certainty whether each of these
patients has type 1 or type 2 diabetes? Why or why not?
Your answer:
American Diabetes Association (ADA) menyebutkan bahwa seseorang dapat dikatakan diabetes apabila memiliki kadar
gula darah puasa > 126 mg/dl. Pada percobaan kali ini pasien 3 dan 5 dapat dikatakan diabetes. Akan tetapi, tidak dapat
dipastikan diabetes 1 atau 2.
Sumber: Luo J, Chen YJ, Chang, LJ. Fasting blood glucose level and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
patients. Lung cancer, 2012, 76.2: 242-247.
3. Describe the diagnosis for patient 3, who was also pregnant at the time of this assay.
Your answer:
Pada pasien 3 mengalami diabetes gestasional karena sedang hamil dan memiliki kadar gula darah 132mg/dl.
Sumber: Kerner W, Bruckel J. Definition, classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Experimental and clinical
endocrinology & diabetes, 2014, 122.07: 384-386.
4. Which patient(s) had normal glucose reading(s)?

Your answer:
Dalam peneltian ini, tidak ada yang memiliki kadar glukosa normal. Pada pasien 1,2 dan 4 masuk ke dalam kategori
pradiabetes. Sedangkan pasien 3 dan 5 masuk ke dalam kategori diabetes.
Sumber: Luo J, Chen YJ, Chang, LJ. Fasting blood glucose level and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
patients. Lung cancer, 2012, 76.2: 242-247.
5. What are some lifestyle choices these patients with normal plasma glucose readings might recommend to the borderline
impaired patients?
Your answer:
Gaya hidup yang direkomendasikan untuk pasien adalah diet, olahraga, menghentikan kebiasaan buruk seperti merokok,
alkohol dan kurang tidur.
Sumber: Reddy P, Hemachandra. Can diabetes be controlled by lifestyle activities?. Current research in diabetes & obesity
journal. 2017; 1(4).
07/29/22 page 5
Name: Rohid Alfazon
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy Lab Report

1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

You correctly answered: d. stimulates ovarian follicle development.
2. Estrogen
You correctly answered: d. is produced by developing ovarian follicles.
3. Calcitonin
You correctly answered: b. works against the development of osteoporosis.

You correctly answered: c. The ovaries stop secreting estrogen after menopause.
07/29/22 page 1
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: What effect will the saline injections have on the control rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : c. The saline injections will not change the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by an unchanging T score).
Predict Question 2: What effect will the estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The estrogen injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score).
Predict Question 3: What effect will the calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat's vertebral bone density?
Your answer : a. The calcitonin injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T
score).
Experiment Data:
Rat Elapsed Days Saline injections Estrogen injections Calcitonin T score

injections
Control 7 7 0 0 -2.84
Estrogen 7 0 7 0 -1.73
Calcitonin 7 0 0 7 -2.10
07/29/22 page 2
1. Saline injections were used in this experiment to measure the effect of

You correctly answered: c. a placebo on bone density.
2. In the ovariectomized rats used in this experiment

You correctly answered: d. osteoporosis was evident prior to the injections of estrogen.
3. Injection of calcitonin into an ovariectomized rat will

You correctly answered: b. inhibit osteoclast activity and stimulate calcium uptake and deposition in long bones.
4. As the rat's bone density increases

You correctly answered: a. the X-ray scanning assay reports a less-negative T-score.
07/29/22 page 3
1. Why were ovariectomized rats used in this experiment? How does the fact that the rats are ovariectomized explain their
baseline T scores?
Your answer:
Ovariektomi adalah tindakan mengamputasi, mengeluarkan, dan menghilangkan ovarium dari rongga abdomen manusia
atau binatang percobaan. Tikus yang telah mengalami ovariektomi mengacu pada orang-orang yang telah mengalami
keropos tulang akibat defisiensi estrogen. Hal ini terlihat dsri T scores yang lebih negatif.
Sumber: Rejeki PS, Putri EAC, Prasetya RE. Ovariektomi pada Tikus dan Mencit. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press;
2018.
2. What effect did the administration of saline injections have on the control rat? How well did the results compare with
your prediction?
Your answer:
Injeksi saline digunakan sebagai placebo. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak ada perubahan pada kepadatan tulang (T scores). Hal
ini sesuai dengan prediksi saya.
Sumber: Physioex 9.1
3. What effect did the administration of estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat? How well did the results
Your answer:
Injeksi estrogen pada tikus menyebabkan peningkatan kepadatan tulang yang ditandai dengan peningkatan T score
menjadi kurang negatif. estrogen mempengaruhi proses penghancuran tulang dengan menghambat produksi sitokin oleh
osteoblas. Sitokin yang rendah mengakibatkan turunnya aktivitas osteoklas. Estrogen juga menghambat produksi
interleukin-6 dan monosit yang keduanya diperlukan dalam proses pembentukan osteoklas (Kenemans et al., 1995).
Estrogen juga diketahui menunjang sekresi kalsitonin yang berfungsi sebagai inhibitor resorbsi tulang dan meningkatkan
metabolit aktif vitamin D (1,25 DHCC) yang berfungsi menaikkan absorbsi
kalsium di usus, serta mempunyai pengaruh anabolik terhadap tulang Hal ini sesuai dengan prediksi saya.
Sumber: Masyitha D. Struktur Mikroskopik Tulang Mandibula pada Tikus Ovarektomi dan Pemberian Pakan Rasio
Fosfat/Kalsium Tinggi. Media Kedokteran Hewan. 2006: 22(2).
4. What effect did the administration of calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat? How well did the results
Your answer:
Injeksi calcitonin meningkatkan kepadatan tulang. Calcitonin berfungsi menghambat aktivitas okteoklas sehingga dapat
meningkatkan kepadatan tulang. Hal ini sesuai dengan prediksi saya.
5. What are some health risks that postmenopausal women must consider when contemplating estrogen
hormone-replacement therapy?
Your answer:
Beberapa risiko kesehatan yang terkait dengan terapi estrogen pada fase pascamenopause adalah perkembangan
payudara, endometrium, ovarium, dan jenis kanker lainnya serta kondisi kesehatan serius lainnya seperti pembekuan darah
blood.
07/29/22 page 4
Sumber: Wulandari CL. Terapi Sulih Hormon Alami untuk Menopause. Jurnal Involusi Kebidanan. 2015; 5(10).
07/29/22 page 5
Name: Rohid Alfazon
Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 4: Measuring Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Lab Report

1. Cortisol
You correctly answered: d. is a hormone important in the body's response to stress.
2. ACTH
You correctly answered: d. is a tropic hormone that stimulates cortisol release.
3. CRH
You correctly answered: b. has a tropic effect on the anterior pituitary gland.
4. Cushing's syndrome refers to

You correctly answered: c. a hypercortisolism, which could be iatrogenic.
5. A condition of hypocortisolism
You correctly answered: d. refers to low levels of cortisol in the blood.
07/29/22 page 1
Experiment Results
Normally high levels of cortisol would inhibit release of
You correctly answered: c. both ACTH and CRH
Which hormone(s) stimulate(s) the pituitary gland to release ACTH?

You correctly answered: a. CRH
Experiment Data:
Patient Cortisol High/Low ACTH High/Low

(mcg/dl) (pg/ml)
1 3.38 Low 17.36 Low
2 35.22 High 12.70 Low
3 45.09 High 87.31 High
4 3.91 Low 96.43 High
5 45.53 High 17.80 Low
07/29/22 page 2
1. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted CRH increases, then

You correctly answered: c. the amount of secreted ACTH will increase.
2. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted ACTH increases, then

You correctly answered: d. the amount of secreted CRH will likely decrease.
3. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted cortisol increases, then

You correctly answered: b. the amount of secreted ACTH will likely decrease.
4. If a hypersecreting pituitary tumor develops, then an expected outcome is

You correctly answered: a. a diagnosis of Cushing's disease.
5. If a hypersecreting adrenal cortex tumor develops, then an expected outcome is

You correctly answered: b. abnormally low levels of CRH due to negative feedback.
6. A patient's chart lists the diagnosis of Addison's disease. Therefore, you expect
You correctly answered: b. abnormally high levels of ACTH.
07/29/22 page 3
1. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Cushing's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
Pasien yang paling mungkin didiagnosis Cushing's disease adalah pasien 3. Hal ini karena sekresi cortisol yang tinggi
akibat stimulasi berlebihan korteks adrenal oleh ACTH sehingga dapat didiagnosis Cushing's disease.
2. Which two patients have hormone levels characteristic of Cushing's syndrome (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
Pasien yang memiliki karakteristik hormon Cushing's syndrome adalah pasien 2 dan 5. Hal ini karena hormon cortisol yang
tinggi dan ACTH yang rendah.
Sumber:
1. Sherwood L. Fisiologi manusia: dari sel ke sistem. Edisi ke-8. Jakarta: EGC; 2013.
2. Physioex 9.1
3. Patient 2 is being treated for rheumatoid arthritis with prednisone. How does this information change the diagnosis (view
Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
prednison adalah obat glukokortikoid dimana pemberian glukokortikoid eksogen dosis tinggi bekerja ecara umpan balik
negatif untuk menekan sumbu hipotalamus-hipofisis yang menjalankan sekresi normal glukokortikoid dan mempertahankan
integritas korteks adrenal. Penekanan
berkepanjangan sumbu ini dapat menyebabakan atrofi irreversibel sel-sel penghasil kortisol kelenjar adrenal sehingga
tubuh dapat secara permanen tidak mampu menghasilkan kortisolnya sendiri.
Sumber: Ginting AA, Zulaini, Zulfachri. Doping Glukokortikoid. 2020; 4(2).
4. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Addison's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
Pasien 4 karena kadar kortisol rendah dan ACTH tinggi. Ini menunjukkan tanda-tanda insufisiensi adrenal primer karena
rendahnya tingkat kortisol yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan pada hipofisis anterior dan ACTH meningkat untuk
mengimbanginya.
07/29/22 page 4

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LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM FISIOLOGI

MODUL METABOLIK ENDOKRIN

Rohid Alfazon I1011201082

PROGRAM STUDI KEDOKTERAN

Pre-lab Quiz Results

1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false?

3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is

5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is

6. Which of the following statements is true?

Stop & Think Questions:

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

The normal rat is

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

The normal rat is

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

The normal rat is

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

The normal rat is

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

Rat Weight (g) ml O2/min ml O2/hr BMR Palpation Injected

Which rat had the fastest basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

5. Part 2: Determining the Effect of Thyroxine on Metabolic Rate

8. Part 3: Determining the Effect of TSH on Metabolic Rate

11. Part 4: Determining the Effect of Propylthiouracil on Metabolic Rate

Pre-lab Quiz Results

1. Which of the following statements is false?

2. Which of the following statements is true?

3. A diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus implies that

4. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus implies that

Stop & Think Questions:

Tube Optical Density Glucose (mg/deciliter)

2. To obtain an accurate spectrophotometric measurement of the glucose concentration in the sample

5. To maintain plasma glucose homeostasis

4. Which patient(s) had normal glucose reading(s)?

Pre-lab Quiz Results