5G RAN NR Retainability

5G RAN NR KPIs (2/5)

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Retainability | Internal
| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-00
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Objectives of Chapter 2

On completion of this chapter the participants will be able to:

2 Measure NR Retainability performance
2.1 Explain the counters that define an abnormal release in NR NSA and SA
2.2 Use counters to measure the E-RAB Retainability in the gNodeB and eNodeB

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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-11
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Reference Material

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Non-Standalone Retainability Overview
In NR NSA scenario:
— Control plane is established in LTE cell / eNodeB
while user plane is established in gNodeB EPC
S1-C S1-U
— The loss of the NR link does not imply the loss of
X2-C
the control plane one
X2-U
DRB
LTE NR
SRB DRB
If both LTE and NR branches are dropped:
— The user will perceive it as a drop
UE
EPC
S1-C S1-U
If only NR branch is lost:
X2-C
— The time to re-establish the RAB either in LTE or
X2-U
NR will be perceived as a degradation in
DRB
integrity KPIs (lower throughput or higher delay) LTE NR
SRB DRB

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Retainability | Internal
| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-33
| Page UE
Non-Standalone Retainability KPIs
In providing wireless end-user services, services must not be interrupted or ended prematurely
Retainability in EN-DC is measured by:

EPC EPC
S1-C S1-U S1-C S1-U

X2-C X2-C

X2-U X2-U
DRB DRB
LTE NR LTE NR
SRB DRB SRB DRB

UE UE
E-RAB Retainability KPI SCG radio resource Retainability KPI

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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-44
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 Differentiated E-RAB Retainability - Percentage Lost
Captured in eNodeB (EN-DC)
To monitor EN-DC stage 1 and 2 is recommended.
pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnbAct_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelAbnormalMmeAct_Endcxxx
EPC

Differentiated E-RAB Retainability - %Lost = 100X

FlexErabRelAbnormal
FlexErabRelNormal
B B
(Captured in eNodeB) eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
EUtranCellFDD/
EUtranCellTDD level

pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnb_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelNormalEnb_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelMme_Endcxxx

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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-55
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 SCG Radio Resource Retainability Captured in gNodeB

pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct
EPC

SCG Radio Resource Retainability %= 100 x

(Captured in gNodeB)
EndcRelAbnormalAct
EndcUeRelTotal
B B
eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

KPI is on
pmEndcRelUeNormal + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb NRCellCU level

Abnormal releases occur when the bearer is considered continuous,

or bursty and active at the time of release
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-66
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Bearer Type Transitions (EN-DC connection release)
MN Terminated SN Terminated
1 MCG DRB Split DRB
Initial Context Setup / LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
2
Incoming Handover /
RRC Re-establishment PDCP SN Addition PDCP
2 At reception of a B1 measurement report RLC RLC RLC
or after the Initial Context Setup procedure
is completed (configuration based) MAC MAC MAC
5
L1 L1 L1
3 When a bearer is set up that prevents other bearers being SN Release
configured as SN Terminated Split Bearers, for example at
VoLTE call setup

3 4
4 At reception of a B1 measurement. The B1 measurement is started
when the bearer – that prevents other bearers to be configured as SN SCG Release SCG Addition
terminated Split DRBs – is released, for example at VoLTE call release. (SN Modification) (SN Modification)

5 Triggered by NR radio link failure or by LTE or NR mobility

SN Terminated
events. The transition from the SN Terminated MCG Bearer state is triggered 5 MCG DRB
only by LTE mobility events (as there are no SCG resources in this case). SN Release LTE (MN) NR (SN)

PDCP
RLC
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4) MN: Master Node
– Planning SN: Secondary Node MAC
–RAN Information MCG: Master Cell Group
–5G Mobility and Traffic Management Guideline (4.3) SCG: Secondary Cell Group L1
DRB: Data Radio Bearer
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-77
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SRB: Signaling Radio Bearer
SN Release Overview (EN-DC)
MN Terminated SN Terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
PDCP PDCP
MeNB initiated SN Release triggered at: RLC
SN Release
RLC RLC
MAC MAC MAC
— UE detected RLF L1 L1 L1

— Failed random access

— RLC UL delivery failure
— Out of synchronization UE MeNB SgNB EPC

— LTE handover MeNB initiated SN Release

RLF, suspend SCG

SgNB initiated SN Release triggered at: SCG Failure Indication NR

— gNB detected RLF SgNB initiated SN Release

— RLC DL delivery failure RLF, NR Cell Lock

— NR cell lock
SN Release (gNB to eNB relocation) + Start
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-88
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B1 measurement
 EN-DC connection release initiated by eNodeB
UE MeNB CU-CP gNodeB MME
Trigger SN Release

pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocAtt + SN terminated
MN terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
Prepare for DRB reconfiguration
X2AP: SgNB Release Request SN Release

With which cause

code indicating
release?
pmEndcRelUeNormal + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct +

Suspend DRB

X2AP: SgNB Release Request Ack

RRC: RRCConnectionReconfiguration (release SCG + start B1)
XSAP: SN Status Transfer
LTE Random Access
UL User data in LTE (new ciphering)
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Indication

Resume DRB
DL User data in LTE
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Confirm
(new ciphering)
pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocSucc + CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4)
X2AP: UE Context Release – Product Overview
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-99
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–Features and Capacities
–LTE-NR Dual Connectivity
EN-DC connection release initiated by gNodeB
UE MeNB CU-CP gNodeB MME
Trigger NR Connection Release
X2AP: SgNB Release Required SN terminated
MN terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocAtt + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct +
SN Release
Prepare for DRB reconfiguration

X2AP: SgNB Release Confirm

Suspend DRB
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfiguration (release SCG + start B1)

XSAP: SN Status Transfer

LTE Random Access

UL User data in LTE (new ciphering key)

RRC: RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Indication

Resume DRB
DL User data in LTE
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Confirm
(new ciphering key)

pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocSucc +
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4)
X2AP: UE Context Release – Product Overview
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-10
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–Features and Capacities
–LTE-NR Dual Connectivity
SN Release with Packet Forwarding

UE MeNB SgNB UE MeNB SgNB

X2AP: X2AP:
SGNB RELEASE REQUEST SGNB RELEASE REQUIRED

X2AP: X2AP:
RRC: SGNB RELEASE REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE RRC: SGNB RELEASE CONFIRM
RRCConnectionReconfiguration RRCConnectionReconfiguration

RRC: RRC:
RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete

X2AP: X2AP:
SN STATUS TRANSFER SN STATUS TRANSFER

Packet Forwarding Packet Forwarding

Tunnel PDCP SDUs Tunnel PDCP SDUs

X2AP: X2AP:
UE CONTEXT RELEASE UE CONTEXT RELEASE

MN Initiated SN Initiated
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 NR Radio Link Failure (in EN-DC) (1/2)
1. When a UE configured with EN-DC with SCG MeNB 2. MN Initiated SN
moves out of NR coverage, a NR Radio Link Release
Failure will eventually be triggered

— Detected by the en-gNB S1-U

or
X2-U X2-C 1. NR Radio Link Failure
— Detected by the UE and reported to the MeNB (RRC: SCGFailureInformationNR)
via RRC: SCGFailureInformationNR message SGW
S1-U

2. The Radio Link Failure triggers a SN release.

B1 measurements are configured upon SN
1. NR Radio Link Failure
release
SgNB
2. SN Initiated SN
Release

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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-12
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 NR Radio Link Failure (in EN-DC) (2/2)
— UE detected NR RLF:
UE MeNB SgNB EPC
— Not possible to synch to NR cell (scg-ChangeFailure)
— T304 is started at reception of SCG configuration at EN-DC Setup
UE detected RLF
— T304 is stopped at successful random access.
— T304 expiry -> radio link failure Suspend SCG
— RLC UL delivery failure (RLC-MaxNumRetx)
SCG Failure Indication NR
— Number of UL RLC retransmissions in NR leg exceeds a threshold
(ulMaxRetxThreshold)
— Out of synchronization (t310-Expiry)
MeNB initiated NR Leg Release
— UE monitors SSB (TRS in High-Band) and counts “in-synch” and “out-of-
synch” indications.
— N310 consecutive “out-of-synch” indications starts timer T310
— N311 consecutive “in-synch” indication stops timer T310 Network detected RLF
— T310 expiry -> radio link failure
— Network detected NR RLF SgNB initiated NR Leg Release
— RLC DL delivery failure
— Number of DL RLC retransmissions in NR leg exceeds a threshold
(dlMaxRetxThreshold)
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-13
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 EN-DC Bearer Type Transition (Retainability Counters)
NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeNormal
MN Terminated NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb SN Terminated
MCG DRB NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb Split DRB
LTE (MN) NR (SN) NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct LTE (MN) NR (SN)
NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC RLC
2
MAC SN Addition MAC MAC

L1 L1 L1

5
EUtranCellFDD.pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocAtt
EUtranCellFDD.pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocSucc SN Release

4
NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeNormal
MN: Master Node SCG Addition
SN: Secondary Node NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb SN Terminated (SN Modification)
MCG: Master Cell Group NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb MCG DRB
SCG: Secondary Cell Group NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct
DRB: Data Radio Bearer NRCellCU.pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct LTE (MN) NR (SN)
SRB: Signaling Radio Bearer
PDCP
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4) 5 3
RLC
– Product Overview
SN Release SCG Release
– Features and Capacities MAC
– LTE-NR Dual Connectivity (SN Modification)
– Performance of LTE-NR Dual Connectivity
L1
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-14
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DRB Retainability - Percentage Lost per mapped 5QI (SA)

This KPI measures the percentage of established DRBs that

are abnormally released, initiated by gNodeB or AMF.

DRB Retainability - Percentage pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

Lost per mapped 5QI [%] = 100 x
pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

5G NR Cell

Counters on
Abnormal releases when DRBs are inactive are included. NRCellCU
level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-15
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DRB Retainability - Percentage of Active Lost per mapped 5QI (SA)

This KPI measures the percentage of established DRBs that

are abnormally released, initiated by gNodeB or AMF.

DRB Retainability - Percentage of pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmfAct5qi

Active Lost per mapped 5QI [%] = 100 x
pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

Abnormal releases occur when the bearer is considered 5G NR Cell

continuous, or bursty and active at the time of release.
Counters on
Bursty and active means that the data remains in DL or UL NRCellCU
buffers in the last 100 ms. level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-16
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DRB Retainability - Percentage Lost per mapped 5QI, gNodeB
triggered only (SA)
This KPI measures the percentage of established DRBs that
are abnormally released, initiated by gNodeB only..

DRB Retainability - Percentage pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi

Lost per mapped 5QI, gNodeB = 100 x
triggered only [%] pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

5G NR Cell

Counters on
Abnormal releases when DRBs are inactive are included. NRCellCU
level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-17
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DRB Retainability - Percentage of Active Lost per mapped 5QI,
gNodeB triggered only (SA)
This KPI only measures releases initiated by the gNodeB

DRB Retainability - Percentage of

pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi
Active Lost per mapped 5QI, = 100 x
gNodeB triggered only [%] pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

Abnormal releases occur when the bearer is considered 5G NR Cell

continuous, or bursty and active at the time of release.
Counters on
Bursty and active means that the data remains in DL or UL NRCellCU
buffers in the last 100 ms. level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-18
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DRB Retainability - Session Time Normalized per mapped 5QI
Loss Rate (SA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower.
– The PM counters in this KPI are on cell level and exist for each mapped 5QI.

DRB Retainability - Session Time pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmfAct5qi

Normalized per mapped 5QI Loss = 100 x
Rate [1/s] pmSessionTimeDrb5qi
B
gNB

To achieve the number of minutes for each drop, use inverse of 5G NR Cell
the Retainability KPI and transform unit from seconds to
minutes. Counters on
NRCellCU
level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-19
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DRB Retainability - Session Time Normalized per mapped 5QI
Loss Rate, gNodeB triggered only (SA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower.
– The PM counters in this KPI are on cell level and exist for each mapped 5QI.

DRB Retainability - Session Time pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi

Normalized per mapped 5QI Loss = 100 x
pmSessionTimeDrb5qi
Rate, gNodeB triggered only [1/s]
B
gNB

This KPI only measures releases initiated by the gNodeB. 5G NR Cell

To achieve the number of minutes for each drop, use inverse of Counters on
the Retainability KPI and transform unit from seconds to NRCellCU
minutes. level
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-20
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Network RLF detection (DL) Standalone NR

gNB AMF
gNB DL RLF detected due
to RLC failure
User data NGAP: UE Context Release Request
(Radio Connection with UE Lost)

NGAP: UE Context Release Command

Poll request (Radio Connection with UE Lost)

No Ack tPollRetransmitDl
NGAP: UE Context Release Complete

Poll request
Non-Standalone NR MeNB
...

S1-U
Poll request
X2-U X2-C
No Ack tPollRetransmitDl SGW
Poll request S1-U
1. DL NR Radio
Link Failure
SgNB
Max number of DL RLC Transmission 2. SN Initiated SN
Release
reached
for DRB or SRB (dlMaxRetxThreshold) CPI (NR RAN 20.Q1) CPI (NR RAN 20.Q1)
– Product Overview – Planning
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| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-21
| Page 21 –Features and Capacities –RAN Information
–NR Standalone –5G Mobility and Traffic Management Guideline (6.2.5)
Summary of Chapter 2

The participants should now be able to:

2 Measure NR Retainability performance
2.1 Explain the counters that define an abnormal release in NR NSA and SA
2.2 Use counters to measure the E-RAB Retainability in the gNodeB and eNodeB

© Ericsson AB
2020-01-01 2020
| 5G | 5G
RAN NR RAN NR Retainability
Retainability | Internal
| Ericsson R1A | Figure 2-22
| Page 22
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