10210ME103-Innovation &

Entrepreneurship

M. NAGAPPAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
VELTECH UNIVERSITY
 INTRODUCTION TO INNOVATION
• Creativity, Invention and Innovation
• Problem finding: Economic/Environmental/Social
Problems
• Various types of innovation: Product, Process
• Product management: Adoption lifecycle
• Introduction to creativity, how to enhance creativity
• Case studies of Innovative Business Ideas
• What is Design thinking and why is it important? Why
do we need to innovate?
• What is Intellectual Property? How to protect IP?
• Jugaad examples; Innovation Tools and Techniques;
Systematic Innovation.
 STUDENTS ACTIVITY

Each one to present the most

innovative idea that they see
in the market; Explain why it
is the most innovative; How
does it work etc.
 CREATIVITY
• Creativity involves the generation of new ideas
• Bring into existence something new
• The ability to make or produce new things using
skill or imagination
Creativity needs:
1.Skill- Learned capacity
2.Talent-Natural endowments of a person
3.Personality-Characteristics of human behavior
 CREATIVITY SKILLS
1.Choosing 2.Predicting 3.Interpreting
4.Translating 5.Recalling 6.Manipulating
Examples
1.Scientific-Inventions
2.Artistic-Sculptures, Beautiful paintings
3.Musical-Songs
4.Writting-Novels, Short stories and Poems
 INVENTION
• A thing that has been made or designed by
somebody for the first time
• People who create inventions are called
inventors
Importance:
• To help make life easier and better
• Many inventions keep people safe
• Inventions are made to solve problems
• Lots of inventions are ways to have fun or
good things to eat
 INNOVATION
• Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas
that results in the introduction of new goods and
services
• Innovation happens when someone “Improves on or
makes a significant contribution” to something that
has already been invented
• Innovation is a complex process
• Innovation = creativity + commercialization
EXAMPLES

1.Air Plane

2.Car

3.Telephone
 PROBLEM FINDING
• Problem finding means problem discovery
• It is part of the larger problem process that includes
problem shaping and problem solving
• Problem finding requires intellectual vision and
insight into what is missing
• Problem finding plays a major role in application of
creativity
• It is classified into three types.
• Economic/Environmental/Social Problems
ECONOMIC PROBLEM FINDING

• What to produce and what quantity to

produce?
• How to produce?
• For whom to produce the goods?
• How efficient are the resources being utilized?
• Is the economy growing?
 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM
FINDING
• Climate Change
• Pollutions
• Loss of Biodiversity
• Disposal of Wastes
• Water Issues
 SOCIAL PROBLEM FINDING

• Unemployment
• Poverty
• Social exclusion
• Cultural Barriers
• Market & Policy Failures
• Responsible Experimentation
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT: ADOPTION LIFECYCLE

• Product management is the business process of

planning, developing, launching, and managing a
product or service
• It includes the entire lifecycle of a product, from
ideation to development to go to market.
• Product managers are responsible for ensuring
that a product meets the needs of its target market
and contributes to the business strategy, while
managing a product or products at all stages of the
product lifecycle
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT: ADOPTION LIFECYCLE

• Product Adoption Lifecycle is the sequence in

which users consume/adopt your product.
• It begins when you launch and ends when you
stop.
• Understanding this cycle helps in getting an
idea of how users will adopt the product
• This helps in building a right product roadmap.
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT: ADOPTION LIFECYCLE
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
• Creativity is the ability to generate innovative
ideas and manifest them from thought into reality
• The process involves original thinking and then
producing
• Creativity is defined as the tendency to generate
or recognize ideas, alternatives, or possibilities
that may be useful in solving problems,
communicating with others, and entertaining
ourselves and others
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
• Creativity is the ability to think and act in
ways that are new and novel
• In our minds, there are two kinds of creativity,
innovation and invention
• Innovation is thinking creatively about
something that already exists
• Creativity process involves preparation,
incubation, illumination and verification
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
• Creative people are energetic and focused
• Creative people are smart
• Creative people are playful and disciplined
• Creative people are realistic dreamers
• Creative people are extroverted
• Creative people are proud, yet modest
• Creative people are not weighed down by rigid gender
roles
• Creative people are conservative
• Creative people are passionate
• Creative people are sensitive
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
Components of creativity
• Imagination
• Flexibility
• Decision making
• Communication
• Motivation
• Collaboration
 Introduction to creativity,
how to enhance creativity
HOW TO ENHANCE CREATIVITY

1.MIND MAPPING
The key to mind mapping is to take note of every idea that comes up.
Don’t neglect anything, no matter how
2.THE CHECKLIST
Why? Where? When? Who? What? How?
3.SIX THINKING HATS
I) White hat-facts
II) Red hat- emotions
III) Black hat- judgement
IV) Yellow hat- logic
V) Green hat- creativity
VI) Blue hat- control
.
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
HOW TO ENHANCE CREATIVITY

4.LATERAL THINKING
The solving of problems by an indirect and creative
approach, typically through viewing the problem in a new and
unusual light.
5.RANDOM WORD GENERATION
Simply pick two random words and try and tie your
content to it in the most imaginative way possible
6.PICTURE ASSOCIATION
If your truly stuck for ideas, perform an image search on
your topic of choice, pick a random photo.
Introduction to creativity, how
to enhance creativity
HOW TO ENHANCE CREATIVITY

7.CHANGE PERSPICTIVE
This can be often hard to do, but try to change
view of thinking
8.GET UP AND GO OUT
The quality of being positive and having a lot of
new ideas, determination, and energy
 Case studies of Innovative
Business Ideas
About Amazon
• Amazon inc is an American international e-commerce
company
• It was started by Jeffrey P. Bezos in the year 1994
• It is a world’s largest online retailer
• When many .com companies were not able to survive
during the 90’s, amazon managed to survive and is
successful now
• It is the 11th most searched site around the world
 Case studies of Innovative
Business Ideas
About Amazon
• The structure of website will definitely make you to buy
• Buying suggestions based on your search
• Amazon also acquired many about to close .com companies
like IMDB, CDNow and pets.com
• You may get things at a cheaper price anywhere than amazon
• Anywhere shipping, If the product is dealed directly by
amazon no shipping charges
• Amazon always welcomed addition of new products to its site.
Even though it has started its business selling books,
presently it deals with 21 different categories of product
 Case studies of Innovative
Business Ideas
About Amazon
• The wide range of products availability has created a
very strong customer base
• If any individual wants anything, the first vendor that
comes to people’s mind is amazon
• It is easy to sell your product with the help of amazon.
This attracted many suppliers
Case studies of Innovative
Business Ideas
Case studies of Innovative
Business Ideas
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
What is Design thinking
 why is it important?
• The main objective is to solve the customer’s requirements
• Helps in tackling ambiguous and challenging problems
• Drives people to create innovative solutions
• It helps organizations to run faster with more efficiency
• Helps in Enhancing Collaborations
• Helps in Brainstorming
• Helps in Improving Your Knowledge
 Why do we need to innovate?
• Innovation Boosts Creativity & Confidence
• Innovation Drives People To Find Opportunities
• Innovation Is Important For Personal Growth
• Continuous Improvement
• Innovation Is Necessary For Sustainability
• Making the Most of What You Have Already
• Innovation Gives A Competitive Advantage
• Innovation Flourishes Education
• Innovation Increases Productivity
• Innovation Impacts Economic Growth
 Jugaad examples
• A flexible approach to problem-solving that uses limited
resources in an innovative way.
Thermocol shoes that can be used for walking on water
• In India, waterlogged roads and floods are common,
especially in rural areas, during the rainy season, and
movement of people gets restricted.
• To help people walk on water during floods, Dwarka Prasad
Chaurasia, now in his 80s, invented "Water Walking Shoes"
in the 1980s.
• The shoes, comprising two thermocol floats attached to
rexine, are so useful that people use them during floods
even today.
 Jugaad examples
The innovative washing cum exercise machine
• Washing machines are a luxury not everyone can afford, especially in
India. However, washing clothes manually can be a lot of work and
tiresome too.
• Remya Jose, a teenager from Kerala's Malappuram, who was tired of
washing clothes manually decided to come up with an economical
solution.
• She created a washing-cum-exercise machine with a cycle that
washes clothes only after 3-4 minutes of pedaling.
The jugaad cycle that can generate electricity
• In rural India, irregular supply of electricity is a major problem.
However, to come up with a low-cost solution, two people in
Haryana's Sirsa made a jugaad cycle that can generate electricity. It
can charge an inverter, giving 6-hour backup after two hours of
pedaling.
Making multi-purpose ropes from old sarees
 Innovation Tools
• Learn from reality
First-hand experience with users and experts will uncover better insights and
strengthen our concepts
• Make it visual- together
A visual and team based process creates more insightful knowledge than individual
work
• Make prototype before detailing
many simple and fast prototypes will increase the speed of learning
• Follow a systematic approach
following few key standards supports a common knowledge and reduces re-
invention
• Improve continuously
small and frequent learning loops are better than large and infrequent learning
loops
 Innovation Techniques

• Innovation as the introduction of something new, so innovative

techniques are new ways of getting information.
• These are opposed to the ‘old techniques’ like surveys, questionnaires,
etc.
• Examples include puppet assisted interviews, drama based techniques,
map making, etc.
Examples:
• Role plays
• Brainstorming
• Mind mapping
• Individual and joint story writing
• Visual methods like maps, collages, collective drawing
 Innovation Techniques
• Step1: Identify the problem. It could exist within your target market or
within your organization.

• Step 2: Come up with solutions.

• Step 3: Test your solution to see if it actually works.

• Step 4: Launch your product or service to the market to see how it is

being welcomed.
 Systematic Innovation.
• Systematic innovation is the process of methodically analyzing and
solving problems with a primary focus on identifying the correct
problem to be solved and then generating innovative solution concepts
free from mental inertia.