Manual B9+

Reinforced Concrete Corbel – B9+

Contents

Application options 2
Basis of calculation 3
Data entry 4
Basic parameters 4
System 5
Loading 6
Design / Reinforcement 7
Reinforcement details 8
Reinforcement plan 9
Output 10

Basic Documentation – Overview

In addition to the individual program manuals, you will find basic explanations on the operation of the
programs on our homepage www.frilo.com SupportArticles/InformationBasic operating instructions.

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Application options
The B9+ application is suitable for the design of corbels with loads applying directly from above (“corbel with
direct load introduction”).

Available direct loading

 Vertical load
 Horizontal load

Available standards
 DIN EN 1992-1-1: 2012 + 2013 + 2015
 ÖNORM EN 1992-1-1:2011 + 2018
 BS EN 1992-1-1: 2015
 PN EN 1992-1-1:2010
 EN 1992-1-1:2014

The following entities are determined:

 Framework (if possible) including node dimensions, as well as rod forces (forces in the compression strut
and tension band)
 Stability against compressive web fracture (excess of stress in the compression strut at the upper node)
 Compressive strain under load
 Required As of the tensile and web reinforcement
 Anchorage and lap lengths of the reinforcement including intermediate values (for control)
 Output of reinforcement dimensions and layers in the form of tables and as a reinforcement plan

ac
The prerequisite is compliance with the corbel condition  1,0 and min. φ <= φ <= max. φ
z0
(see Basis of Calculation)
ac = horizontal distance of the upper node from the edge of the support (DAfStb1, Booklet 599, Section 11)
z0 = internal lever arm (vertical length of the compression strut up to the column contact surface)

2D/3D-graphical user interface (GUI)

The elements concrete, dimension chains, utilisation,
reinforcement etc. can be displayed or hidden via the
visibility icons in the menu bar.
The GUI is interactive. See also the context menu (right
mouse button) in the document
"Basic Operating Instructions - PLUS".

1 German Committee for Reinforced Concrete

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Basis of calculation
The calculation is based on the equivalent member method. The regulations of the different National Annexes
are taken into account.

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Data entry
The fastest way to enter an item for the first time is to use the wizard.
You can find general information on entering data in the left menu tree or in the interactive GUI and on using
the context menu (right mouse button) in the
document "Basic Operating Instructions-PLUS".

Basic parameters

Concrete material
Select the desired standard.
Depending on the selected standard, the corresponding
material parameters, such as concrete quality or steel
grade, are available for selection.

If you check the precast part option, a dialog box for

entering parameters/characteristic values specific to
precast parts is displayed.

Concrete cover
Optionally, you can specify whether the concrete cover is
the same on all sides of the corbel, or whether it should
be possible to enter different values for each side (the
corresponding data-entry fields are then displayed).

Bond conditions
Optionally, you can specify whether the column is to be
constructed vertically (e. g. for in-situ concrete columns)
with the resulting bond areas or whether the bond areas
are to be entered separately (the corresponding data-entry fields are then displayed).

Column reinforcement
If this option is selected, the data-entry field "Distance column reinforcement dr is
displayed. Using dr you can define the centre distance (centre of gravity) of the
longitudinal column reinforcement from the right outer edge of the column (for the
definition of the lower node (1) - see graphic - on the strut). This ensures that the centre
of gravity of the lower node does not lie outside the column reinforcement.

Anchorage details
Tensile stirrups the tensile stirrups in the column area are anchored with
consideration of the transverse compression by default – optionally, you can prevent
that transverse compression is considered.
Tensile reinforcement by default, the tensile reinforcement at the corbel end is only assumed to be lying
under transverse compression if the tensile reinforcement lies completely in the
transverse compression area (load plate surface including the edge area with a
spread angle of the transverse compression of 45 ° up to the center plane of the
topmost tensile reinforcement layer). With the option "tensile reinforcement under
transverse compression" you can specify that the transverse compression should
always be taken into account when determining the anchorage length. If the
transverse compression is taken into account, a direct bearing is always assumed (α5
= 0.67 for NA Germany).

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System

Column
Horizontal column dimensions:
bst perpendicular to the corbel projection
dst parallel to the corbel projection

Corbel
Horizontal corbel dimensions:
bk perpendicular to the projection
lk parallel to the projection
Vertical corbel dimensions:
hk total height
hkr on the right, at the front face of the corbel

Load plate
bp edge length of the load plate perpendicular to the corbel projection
lp edge length of the load plate parallel to the corbel projection
dp thickness of the load plate

Remarks about the system

Optional input of additional text concerning the system.

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Loading

Loading
The dead weight can optionally be taken into account.
Vertical/Horizontal design value of the load in the respective direction.

Load impact points

Distance Vertical load horizontal distance a of the vertical load from the
outer edge of the column.
Distance Horizontal load vertical distance Hed of the horizontal load from the
top edge of the corbel (positive to the top).

For Hed at least 0.2 · Fed should be used in accordance with DAfStb, Booklet
600 (at least 0.1 · Fed in accordance with ÖNorm B 1992-1-1)!
This regulation was also adopted for calculations in accordance with the Eurocodes.

Remarks about the effects

Optional input of additional text concerning the loading.

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Design / Reinforcement
You can enter the number of layers and the diameters of the respective
stirrups/loops.
Further information is shown in the info line below after activation of a data-
entry field.

Option „move the lower node up…“

In this way (analogous to the "old" B9), if the maximum permissible strut
inclination is exceeded, the lower node can be shifted upwards until the
permissible strut inclination is maintained. This option must be set explicitly
by the user. Alternatively, as before, there is the option of increasing the upper
concrete cover.

Remarks on Results
Optional input of additional text concerning the results.

Reinforcement details
You can make further fine adjustments in the Reinforcement Details dialog box.

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Reinforcement details
Clicking on the Reinforcement Details icon opens the window for the reinforcement settings.

You can set details of the reinforcement - the explanation of the parameters is displayed as info text after
activating the data-entry fields. This allows a detailed adjustment of the reinforcement.

During the data entry, a series of plausibility tests are carried out to ensure that a meaningful structural
calculation is possible with the entered values.

A strut-and-tie model is generated from the input values and the design is performed based on these values.

Tests, error messages and constructive boundary conditions

It is checked
 whether the inclination of the compression strut is within the permissible range and whether ac <= z0;
 whether the user has selected sufficient tensile or splitting tensile reinforcement and whether the
permissible stresses under the supporting plate and in the compression strut (at the upper node) are
complied with;
 whether the minimum permissible bending roll diameters can be accommodated in the respective steel
items and whether the clear distances are complied with, or whether the dimensions of steel items become
negative;
 whether, for load-bearing (non-structural) longitudinal stirrups, the load plate end remote from the column
does not come closer to the beginning of the curvature of the longitudinal stirrup than the longitudinal
stirrup diameter (see BK 2001, P. 2, p. 441);
 whether tensile stirrups or tensile loops are in the area of the lower cant of the corbel or below;

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 whether the anchorage and overlap lengths of the tensile reinforcement in the corbel or in the column are
adhered to;
 whether, for DIN EN 1992-1-1, the vertical dimension of the lower node meets the requirements of DAfStb,
Booklet 599, Section 11.3;
 whether, for ÖNorm B 1992-1-1, the corbel height under the load accounts for at least 60 % of the corbel
height at the contact face and whether the length of the diagonal strut of the lower node accounts for
maximally 25 % of the structural corbel height.
 Possibly, a message is displayed if the load plate is not enclosed by reinforcement and if the horizontal load
is less than recommended by the standard.

If the test conditions are not complied with, the verification traffic light is coloured red (or yellow for
indications) and by clicking on it a window with error messages is displayed.

Note: The program offers the possibility to arrange several tensile stirrups or loops next to each other
(useful for wider corbels). If both, tensile stirrups and loops are positioned, there should be the
same number of stirrups and loops per layer, otherwise the clear distance, e. g. for the positioning
of longitudinal stirrups, would be too small.

Reinforcement plan
Use the reinforcement plan symbol to open the window with the reinforcement drawing and the parts list.
Via the context menu (right mouse button) you can save the graphic separately in different formats (jpg, emf,
...).

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Output
Output of system data, results and graphics.
Call up the output document via the "Document" tab. You can view and print the output data in PDF format.
See also the document
"Output and Printing".

Output profile
The output profile allows you to define the scope of the output.
System graph output of the structural system of the corbel
3D system graphics output of the 3D-system graphic
reinforcement plan output of the reinforcement drawing

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