Air Manual

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CONTENTS
S.# Chapter Page #
1.0 INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 OBJECTIVE 3
1.2 SCOPE 3
1.3 ORGANISATION 4
1.4 REFERENCES 4
1.5 REVIEW
2.0 DEFINITIONS 4
3.0 MAIN AIR POLLUTANTS 5
4.0 SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS 6
5.0 GENERAL PROCEDURES 8
5.1 PROCEDURE 8
5.2 RESPONSIBILITIES 11
5.3 MONITORING 15
5.3.1 Point Source 15
5.3.2 Fugitive Emission 16
5.3.3 Ambient Air Monitoring 16
5.3.4 Monitoring Methods 16
5.4 REPORT FORMAT AND SCHEDULE 17
5.4.1 Point Sources 17
5.4.2 Ambient Air Quality 17
5.4.3 Other Reports 17
6.0 REGULATORY STIPULATIONS AND STANDARDS 18

6.1 KUWAIT ENVIRONMENT PUBLIC AUTHORITY (EPA) 18
APPENDIX & ANNEXURES

A. APPENDIX: S1- MAA REFINERY POINT SOURCES 24
B. APPENDIX: S2- MAB REFINERY POINT SOURCES 26
C. APPENDIX: S3- SHU REFINERY POINT SOURCES 27
D. ANNEXURE-1 : GUIDELINES FOR DEPLOYMENT AND USE 24
OF MOBILE AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATION
Reference No. HSE-ESER-01-1404 Title: Procedure on Air Pollution Monitoring & Control
Rev 03 Date 1/12/2011
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OBJECTIVE
Objective of this procedure is to:
1.1.1 Provide a general procedure to monitor and control the release of air
pollutants to the atmosphere from KNPC’s refinery operations and
activities, in compliance with SHE policy and the regulations/standards
with regard to air pollution prescribed by the Environment Public
Authority, Kuwait.
1.1.2 Enable the concerned personnel to know their roles and responsibilities
in monitoring and control of air pollution.
1.1.3 Fulfil the requirements of ISO 14001 Environment Management System.
1.2 SCOPE
1.2.1 Scope covers three refineries viz. Mina Al-Ahmadi, Mina Abdullah and
Shuaiba, Gas Plant, Sulphur Storage, Oil Piers, Sea Island and other
facilities under operational jurisdiction of the three refineries (including
pipelines beyond fences), Projects and Local Marketing of Kuwait National
Petroleum Company (KNPC)
1.2.2 It also covers all the air pollutants (as per Section 3.0) for the purpose of
monitoring and control.
1.3 ORGANI SATI ON

1.3.1 Management of Air Pollution from KNPC’s activities is part of overall
Environment Management System (EMS) of KNPC.
1.3.2 Manager HSE, is the EMS Management Representative (EMR) and will be
the approving authority for this procedure.
1.3.3 Environment Division and Team Leader, Environment assists EMR in
maintaining and implementing this procedure.
1.3.4 EMR shall nominate a Senior Engineer / Engineer or equivalent as
Competent Person for this procedure. Competent Person must have the
knowledge and experience to review the elements of this procedure and
understand regulatory requirements to ensure compliance. Competent
person must have received certified training. Competent Person will
initiate changes to the procedure as required.
1.3.5 Line functions will implement the procedure in their respective area of
responsibility.
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1.4 REFERENCES
1) HSE-ESER-04-1401 Apex Manual for Environment Management System
2) HSE-ESER-04-1402 KNPC’s Environment Legislative Register
3) HSE-ESER-03-1403 Procedure on Environmental Communication
4) KPC Corporate HSE Standards: Management of Air Emissions: Document16
5) HSE-TSOH-04-1358 Chemical Hazard Management Procedure
6) SHE-TSOH-04-4301 Exposure Standards
7) HSE-TSOH-04-1318 Exposure Assessment Program
8) HSE-TSOH-04-1311 Industrial Hygiene Program
9) HSE-TSOH-04-1359 Chemical Hazard Communication
10) HSE-TSOH-04-1315 Personal Protective Equipment Program
11) HSE-TSOH-04-1321 Asbestos Abatement Program
All the above references are available on KNPC’s HSE Department’s

Intranet Site.
1.5 REVIEW
This procedure shall be reviewed as necessary due to changes in

activities, work practices or organisation of the company, changes in
regulations & other requirement, advancement in technology and
knowledge but not be later than three years from the last review.
The procedure shall be communicated by publishing it at the Company’s

Intranet site under HSE Department and shall be the only controlled copy.
After every revision a communication will be sent to concerned functions

announcing that the procedure has been updated.
2.0 DEFI NI TI ONS
Air Pollution: Discharge and presence of air contaminants (gaseous,

liquids or solids or combination thereof and be local or global)
Competent Person: A fit and trained person appointed by the Company

Management who has the necessary engineering , technical and
professional skills and ability to institute the procedural requirement for
one or more environmental aspects resulting in Air Pollution.
Environment: Surrounding in which organisation operates including air,

water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their inter
relations.
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Environment Management System: Part of Organisations Management

System including structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices
procedures, processes and resources to control its Environmental Aspects.
KNPC Environment Management System is described in “SHE-ESHU-04-
1401 Apex Manual for Environment Management System”
EMS – Management Representative (EMR): A person appointed by the

Management with defined role, responsibility and authority who ensures
that Environmental Management System is established, implemented and
maintained in accordance with the requirement of ISO 14001.
Point sources: Point sources include stationary equipment sources with

defined outlet and significant amount of air pollution emission. The
emission is reported equipment / source wise. This includes boilers,
furnaces turbine engines, waste water treatment ponds etc.
Fugitive emission: Small quantities of air pollution emitted from leaks from
equipments eg pumps, valves, flanges, tanks but not discharged through
stack or vent.
Area sources: Area sources are sources with no defined outlet /

combination of small emission sources for which emission is reported
category wise. It includes storages, transport and distribution, emission
from solvent usage, emission from agricultural activity, landfills, etc.
Ambient Air: That part of the atmosphere external to buildings to which

the general public has access.
3.0 MAIN AIR POLLUTANTS
Gaseous and particulate emissions arising out of refinery operations are

mainly due to combustion process in heaters, boilers, regenerators,
flares and emissions from sulphur recovery units, fugitive emissions from
equipment, storage and handling, losses from air conditioning,
refrigeration and fire systems. Following are the main pollutants: -
• Sulphur oxides (SOx)
• Oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
• Carbon monoxide (CO)
• Particulate Matter (PM)
• Hydrocarbon: Methane & Non Methane Volatile Organic Compounds
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• Carbon dioxides (CO2)
• Hydrogen Sulphide
• Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS)
• Community Noise
Emission, if any from chemical stored / handled / used in KNPC’s

refinery and activities are addressed in Chemical Hazard Management
and Occupational Health Procedures of KNPC and will be dealt by
reference only in this procedure.
4.0 SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS
Air pollutants from refineries mainly originate from following sources:
• Sulphur Oxides:
- Process furnaces, boilers, gas turbines,

- Fluidised Catalytic Cracking unit regenerators,
- Sulphur Recovery Units (SRU),
- Flare system,
- Incinerators.
• Oxides of Nitrogen:
- Process furnaces, boilers, gas turbines,

- Incinerators,
- Gas/Diesel engines to drive equipment like Compressors,
pumps, generators
- Vehicles
• Carbon monoxide:
- Process furnaces, boilers,

- Gas/Diesel engines, vehicles
- Fluidised Catalytic Cracking unit (FCCU) regenerators,
- Flare systems,
- Incinerators,
- Vehicles
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• Particulates:
- Process furnaces and boilers, particularly when firing liquid

fuels,
- Fluidised Catalytic Cracking Unit regenerators/ CO boilers,
- Coke plants, sulphur handling facilities
- Incinerators.
- Roads
- Cooling towers
• Hydrocarbon: Methane & Non Methane-Volatile Organic

Compounds
- Storage and handling facilities,

- Oil/water separation/Waste water units
- Fugitive emission from equipment leak (flanges, seals,
valves etc),
- Process Vents.
- Flares
- Process furnaces and boilers
- Gas / Diesel Engines
- Vehicles
• Ozone Depleting Substances
- Air conditioning Systems

- Fire Protection System
• Carbon dioxide
- Process furnaces, boilers,

- Gas/Diesel Engines
- Flare system,
- Incinerators.
- Vehicles
• Hydrogen Sulphide
- SRU /TGTU stacks

- Process off gas vents
- Fugitive emission from equipment
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5.0 GENERAL PROCEDURES
This section provides general procedures for abatement of undesired

emissions to the atmosphere. Each activity/equipment shall have their
own separate procedure in line with the stipulations made here. These
are general guidelines to be followed:
5.1 PROCEDURE
5.1.1 Air pollution control equipment will be maintained / operated in such a

manner so as to meet the standards. (Legislative and other requirement
with respect to air pollution identified in SHE-ESER-04-1402 KNPC’s
Environment Legislative Register)
5.1.2 Necessary facilities will be created / process modification carried out to

ensure all time compliance to the standards (Legislative and other
requirement with respect to air pollution identified in SHE-ESER-04-1402
KNPC’s Environment Legislative Register) , if any, which are not met
currently due to identification of new requirement or if new requirements
have been enacted. In such a case a time bound plan will be prepared and
implemented to meet the requirement and the same will be communicated
to the concerned authorities if applicable.
5.1.3 i) New facilities / project will be created / activities will be undertaken only
in a way to ensure all time compliance to the standards (Legislative and
other requirement with respect to air pollution identified in SHE-ESER-04-
1402 KNPC’s Environment Legislative Register).
ii) Recommendation of Environmental Impact Assessment Study if carried

out for the new facility / activity and conditions of the concerned authority
(eg. Kuwait Environment Public Authority) while consenting to the facility
/ project construction or commencing new activity shall be complied
during all phases of the project/activity.
iii) In addition, subject to techno economic concerns, it will be

endeavoured to adopt the best technologies / industry practices for the
new project and activities.
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iv) Also, Environment Division may issue guidelines on specific types of

activities / operations based on the best technologies / Industry practices,
which shall be followed for new facilities /activities/ major modifications
and any deviation (only for those guidelines ) due to any constraints will
have to be agreed with Environment Division.
For each set of interchangeable Sulfur Recovery Unit and Tail Gas
Treatment Unit trains , one spare train equal to the largest train in
the set, will be provided so that one train can be shut down for
maintenance without any impact on operation and emission.
Burners for Heaters and Boilers will be designed for 66 ppmv or

less NOx in stack reported at 3 % oxygen in flue gas. NOx
specification will be further lowered if so required by the outcome
of Environmental Impact Studies and dispersion modelling.
Height of critical stacks like Sulfur Recovery Unit incinerator stack

will be designed considering upset scenarios also.
Gas / Diesel engines/turbines will be designed for low NOx emission

as per international standards like 40CFR60 Subpart GG, Subpart
III and Subpart JJJJ which should be reviewed by and agreed with
Environment Division.
Odor Management practices like chemical decontamination of unit,

equipment vessels during shut down, use of low leak joints/ flanges
gaskets, closed loop sampling.
5.1.4 Necessary measurements will be done by gaseous samples’ analysis in

laboratory or by continuous /periodic monitoring instruments to verify the
quality and quantity of emissions and their adherence to the standards.
5.1.5 Record of the observations will be maintained by Operations , Laboratory,

Process and Environment Division to ensure the compliance to the
standards and for Environmental Management System.
5.1.6 In case of any deviations in the observed values, immediate corrective

measures will be taken by means of adjusting process control parameters.
Correctness of the adjustment will be confirmed by carrying out analysis
of check samples. Incidents will be dealt as per KNPC’s Incident
Investigation and Reporting System & Emergency response actions will
be taken to mitigate negative impacts.
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5.1.7 Monitoring of various parameters will be carried out as per requirement of

Environment Public Authority (EPA) regulations and as per the monitoring
plan in Section 5.3.
5.1.8 An inventory of emission and their locations will be compiled and kept
updated through EIMS. All point sources must have identification
numbers. New sources will be added to the system at the time of
commissioning.
5.1.9 Sample point on stacks will be located at least 2 stack / pipe diameters
downstream and 0.5 diameters up stream of disturbance / bends to
ensure parallel flow conditions.
5.1.10 All new stacks must be designed and sited after studying prevailing wind
and dispersion.
5.1.11 Montreal Protocol requirements will be complied with to control emission

of ozone depleting substances.
5.1.12 Emissions from chemicals during storage, handling and use will be
managed as per the procedures outlined in References 5 to 9.
5.1.13 Asbestos fibre emission will be controlled as per the procedure outlined in
Reference 10.
5.1.14 Training and Audit will be carried out as per the requirements of
Environment Management System (Reference 1) of which this procedure
is part of.
5.1.15 Flares will be operated in such a way that flame / pilot flame is present at
all times and smoke emission is minimum.
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5.2 RESPONSIBILITIES
Each department in the refinery has a role in controlling the air emissions
to the atmosphere. Following table gives responsibilities, but not limited
to, of departments / divisions:
Sr. DEPARTMENT/
SECTION RESPONSIBILITY
No.
1. Operations Operate the plant and various equipment in a manner to

ensure air emission levels meet the stipulated standards /
design norms.
Adjust process parameter in case of any deviation or trend

of deviation observed from specified quality e.g. proper
adjustments of heater parameters like air and fuel ratio and
percentage of oxygen for better utilization of fuel.
Maintain records of in-situ air monitoring instruments,

results, equipment running hours, down time of equipment
etc.
Facilitate timely collection and analysis of samples from all

emission sources.
Facilitate monitoring, controlling of fugitive emissions, and

logging and reporting the data in co-ordination with
Maintenance and Environment Division.
Recording of work environment area monitoring

instruments viz. H 2 S and HC monitors and reporting the
data.
Reporting of any abnormal incidents as per incident

reporting procedures including incidents resulting only in
abnormal emissions for significant duration or in quantity.
Maintaining records and report as needed meteorological

data like wind speed, wind direction, Temperature,
Humidity from equipment under its custody etc.
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DEPARTMENT/ RESPONSIBILITY
Sr.
SECTION
No.
2. Process Engg. Regular monitoring of operational data and advising

Operations on measures to reduce the air emissions.
Adopt updated technologies, ensure initiation / tracking to

ensure implementation of projects/programs to
create/modify facilities for meeting stipulated emission
norms and minimizing gaseous emissions in co-ordination
with Environment Division, Engineering, Projects and
Operations.
3. Laboratory Analyze the samples as per applicable standard methods

of examination and report Sulfur in Refinery Fuel gas,
Fuel Oil used in boilers and Heaters (As specified in 5.3.1
below) and other process stream quality having impact
on emissions as advised by Process & Environment
Division
Maintain record of test results of air / gas samples to

demonstrate the conformance to specified requirements.
Communicate the analysis result of samples to respective

Department / Sections and Environment division.
Ensure calibration of reference instrument used for testing

of air samples by means of primary standards / or as per
instrument operating manual to maintain accuracy and
precision of analyzers.
Procure / make available the required instruments /

analyzers for the analysis of air/gas in co ordination with
Environment Division or Contractor.
Participate in contracting activity and auditing (six

monthly) of Environmental Monitoring contractors.
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DEPARTMENT/
Sr. SECTION RESPONSIBILITY
No.
Ensure at all times healthy condition of all equipment / motor /
Engg. & Maint. pumps etc. related to air pollution control available in the
refinery.
Monitor & control fugitive emissions, and log & report the data in
co-ordination with Operations and Environment Division. Track
and complete the maintenance request generated through
Equipment Leak detection program so as to reduce the leak
below leak definition.
Periodic calibration including keeping records of calibration,

maintenance of instruments and devices provided for air pollution
monitoring and reporting the data.
Specify and procure eco-friendly equipment & devices for various

applications in the refinery.
Periodic emission checking / monitoring of all vehicles exhaust in

the refinery and tuning of engines to meet stipulated emission
standards. Maintain and provide vehicle data, electricity
consumption data and any other data under its custody required
for Environmental reporting.
Maintain proper work environment in workshop and other places

of work.
5. Environment Advise the Management and Departments on standards,
legislation, policy issues pertaining to air pollution. Provide
updated standards related to air pollution to the concerned
departments.
Recommend / suggest solution for reduction of air emission in

co-ordination with Process Engg. Division so to initiate new
study/proposals for upgrading and updating the emission control
systems. Issue activity specific guidelines, if required, to promote
adopting of best technology and industry practice.
Periodically monitor emissions from stacks and other sources,

review results from them and online monitoring equipment and
report as specified at 5.3 below.
Carry out Ambient Air Quality monitoring in the upwind,

downwind direction and at selected locations in the refinery.
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DEPARTMENT/
Sr. SECTION RESPONSIBILITY
No.
5. Environment Facilitate Monitoring, controlling of fugitive emissions (Leak
Contd. Contd. detection and Repair program) and logging and reporting the
data in co ordination with Maintenance and Operations
Departments.
Audit (at least six monthly) any contractor used by the Division
to fulfil its monitoring responsibilities
Advise Operations Dept. for reduction of air emissions in case of

any deviations from statutory stipulations.
Compile all air pollution incidents, data and report to

Management, Employees, KPC, EPA and other governmental
bodies and interested parties.
Select appropriate design / create facilities so as projects meet
6. Projects stipulated emission standards in force at the time or expected to
be stipulated in near term. Also, have procedures and systems in
place to ensure the project is executed in a way so that it meets
the expected design & legal limits during operation.
Ensure that EIA studies and concerned authorities (eg KEPA)

recommendations related to air pollution are included in project
specifications and are implemented.
Confirm while receiving the project from the project initiator after
idea / study phase that emission standard and requirement are
included and adequately described and incorporate the same in
the design / tender document and ensure implementation.
Carry out their activities in accordance with guidelines of Kuwait
7. Contractors / EPA and KNPC’s Environmental Management System.
Vendors
Use vehicles or gas /diesel IC engines like generators etc which
meet KEPA and international emission norms. Take all necessary
precautions to control fugitive emissions, noise & other emissions
from the job site.
Shall take appropriate action to contain accidental spills/releases

and report as per incident reporting procedure if it occurs.
Environmental Monitoring contractor shall ensure that monitoring

is carried out as per standard methods, equipment used are as
specified by the method and are calibrated. Maintain calibration
records and make it available during audit or when requested.
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5.3 MONITORING
5.3.1 Point Sources

In order to take immediate corrective measures, monitoring of air
emissions is required at the source. Following table gives the pollutants
to be monitored and the frequency at various air pollution sources:
Sr. Source Category Parameters Frequency

A. Gas fired combustion H2S in Fuel Gas Daily or Continuous
Equipment (Boiler & Process Header
Heaters)
NO x in Stack Once in a month
(For equipment of > 100
million BTU/Hr ) for others
once in 3 months.
Monthly emission inventory

through EIMS module
B. Fuel oil fired / Mixed firing As in A1 above
combustion Equipment and Every batch
(Boiler & Process Heaters) Sulfur in fuel oil
C. SRU SOx, Continuous
and (Twice in a week Once
in month audit with
alternate method by Env
Div.)
H2S As required to confirm
incineration. Continuous in
new facilities.
D. FCCU Particulate, SOx, Continuous and once a
NO x, CO week by Env. Div
E. Hydrocarbon flares Quantity flared To be reported monthly
F. Acid gas flares Quantity of SO2 To be reported monthly

emitted
G. Combustion equipment CO2 To be reported monthly
(Boilers, Heater, Compressor
engines, FCCU flares) &
Hydrogen Unit
H. Site Community During baseline
noise assessment studies.
Please refer Attachment S1 / S2 / S3 for list of stacks/point sources. Refer
latest listing of sources and their emissions in latest Emission Report of
Environmental Information Management System (EIMS) of KNPC.
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5.3.2 Fugitive Emission
Fugitive emissions from equipment and other area sources will be

monitored as given below:
Sr. Source Parameters Frequency

1. ETP, VOC/HC Monthly Emission Inventory through
Storage Tank EIMS module
Area
2. Equipment VOC/HC Leak detection and repair program
leak with a leak definition of 10000 ppm.
Monthly emissions will be reported
based on the monitoring done
during the program.
Monthly emission inventory through
EIMS module
5.3.3 Ambient Air Monitoring
In an industrial area, emissions from different industries have cumulative

impact on the ambient air quality. Hence, it will not be possible to know
the impact of one industry. However, a minimal monitoring program will
be maintained by KNPC for data gathering, assuring compliance during
planned shutdowns or upsets of refinery facilities. periodic monitoring is
required to know the ambient air quality over a period.
Monitoring will be carried out at following locations:
• Fence line, predominant upwind and downwind directions.

• Other selected locations as required
The monitoring can be done either by (a) locating High Volume Sampling
stations (b) Continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations, or (c)
Mobile Ambient Air quality monitoring Van.
Also, please refer annexure-1 for “GUIDELINES FOR DEPLOYMENT AND USE OF
MOBILE AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATION” for scheduled ambient air
monitoring locations/ frequency for MAA/MAB/SHU Refineries.
5.3.4 Monitoring Methods
Monitoring methods will be as specified by Kuwait EPA or in line with 40

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) PART 50, 40 CFR PART 53 for
ambient air quality and 40 CFR Part 60 for stack emissions.
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5.4 REPORT FORMAT AND SCHEDULE
5.4.1 Emission reports
Refinery emissions will be reported through following reports
A) Detailed source wise emission inventory by EIMS module -Monthly
B) Environmental Performance report to KPC - Monthly
C) Environmental Performance report to Company Management-Monthly
D) SHE Quarterly performance report to Company Board - Quarterly
E) Stack monitoring reports - Monthly
F) Environment Performance Report to Kuwait Environment Public

Authority – Monthly.
Refer HSE-ESER-03-1403 Procedure on Environmental Communication

(Reference 3) for report formats.
5.4.2 Ambient Air Quality reports
The monitoring of Ambient air quality monitoring at specified locations

shall be carried out and records shall be maintained by the Contractor
and Environment Division. Average concentration for the month will be
reported as stated at 5.4.1 above.
5.4.3 Other Reports
As and when required.
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6.0 REGULATORY STIPULATIONS AND STANDARDS
6.1 KUWAIT ENVIRONMENT PUBLIC AUTHORITY (EPA)
Kuwait EPA has issued regulations/ guidelines for the industries to follow.
The relevant Emission and Ambient Air Quality Standards are given in the
Tables 6.1 A-E.
TABLE 6.1 A
EPA STANDARDS FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN INDUSTRIAL AREAS
STANDARDS
Pollutant Units
Annual ** 24-Hours 8 - Hours *1-Hour
H2S Ppb -- 130 -- --
SO 2 Ppb 60 200 -- 300
NO 2 Ppb 30 50 -- 100
CO Ppb -- 8000 10000 30000

Tenth (1/10) of the Indoor TLV
NMHC or 0.24 ppm for period of 3 hours from 600-900 a.m.
O3 Ppb -- -- 60 80
NH 3 Ppb 140 -- -- 800 #

SPM Ug/m3 90 350 -- --
PM-10
Ug/m3 1.5 -- -- --
Lead
30
Chlorine Ppb -- 10 --
(30 min)
Note : * Not be exceeded more than twice at any location during any 30 days
** Not to be exceeded more than once a year.
# Not to be exceeded more than once per year
NMHC : Non-Methane Hydrocarbons
REF:
APPENDIX 17-2 OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS AMENDED BY
LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS IN THE
STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE 433 YEAR 47
TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
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TABLE 6.1B
EPA STANDARDS FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Pollutant Unit STANDARDS

Annual ** 24-Hours 8 - Hours *1-Hour
SO2 Ppb 30 60 -- 170
H2S Ppb 6 30 -- 140
NO2 Ppb 30 50 -- 100

CO Ppb -- 8000 10000 30000
NMHC Tenth (1/10) of the Indoor TLV
or 0.24 ppm for period of 3 hours from 600-900 a.m.
O3 Ppb -- -- 60 80
NH3 Ppb 140 -- -- 800 #
SPM Ug/m3 90 350 -- --
PM 10
Dust Fall -- -- -- 7.5
-- Ton/Km2
Lead Ug/m3 1.5 -- -- --

30
Ppb -- 10 --
Chlorine (30 min)
Note : * Not be exceeded more than twice at any location during any 30 days
** Not to be exceeded more than once a year.
# Not to be exceeded more than once per year
NMHC : Non-Methane Hydrocarbons
REF:
APPENDIX 17-1 OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS AMENDED BY
LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS IN THE
STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE 433 YEAR 47
TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
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TABLE 6.1C
EPA STANDARDS FOR EMISSION FROM FIXED SOURCES
Source Pollutant Scale

First : Fixed Source
1. All Industrial Facilities:
1.1 All emission sources - Particulate Darkness level should not exceed 20% (max .limit)
- Asbestos No emissions are allowed
1.2 Stacks of Products - Particulate Darkness level should not exceed 20% (max .limit)
1.3 Stacks - Particulate 115 mg/m3
Darkness level must not exceed 20% (max. limit)
2. Facilities Operated by
Combustion
Fossil fuel fired Boilers and - Particulate 43 Nanograms /Joule
furnaces with heat energy
- SO2 512 Nanograms / Joule
input more than 30 MW (100
MBTU/hr) - Nox 86 Nanograms/Joule facilities burning natural
gases
- Nox 130 Nanograms/Joule facilities burning fuel oil
- Opacity Should not exceed more than 20%
3 Petroleum Refineries
3.1 FCC Unit (with incinerator or - Particulate 1.0 Kg/Metric ton of coke burn off
waste heat boiler) - SO2 9.8 Kg/Metric ton of coke burn off
- CO 500 ppmv
- Opacity Should not exceed 30% for more that 6 minutes
per hour
3.2 Fuel gas used in - H2S 230 mg per dry standard cubic meter
combustion
3.3 Claus unit for Sulfur - SO2 250 ppmv in stack with oxidation or reduction and
recovery and capacity incineration
exceeding 20 T/day.
REFERENCE:
SOURCE 1, 2,3 APPENDIX 20- OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS
AMENDED BY LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND
STANDARDS IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE
433 YEAR 47 TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
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TABLE 6.1D
EPA STANDARDS FOR EMISSION FROM FIXED SOURCES
Source Pollutant Scale

4 Storage Tanks for Liquid
Petroleum & Liquid Organic Vapour
.4.1 Liquid petroleum tanks, with capacity more Organic Liquids with true vapour pressure between 78-570 mm of mercury can be
than 1000 barrel. Vapour stored in floating roof tanks or fixed roof tanks with internal floating cover or
tanks with vapour recovery and disposal system for reducing emission
levels by 95% or equivalent.
.4.2 Liquid organic vapour tanks including liquid Organic Tanks must be facilitated with return and disposal system of vapour which
petroleum tanks with capacity more than 1000 Vapour reduce emission by 95 % or equivalent.
barrels and true vapour pressure is more than
39mm mercury and less than 570mm mercury
or the capacity is 500 barrels and steam
pressure more than 207 & less than 570 mm
mercury.
.4.3 Storage tanks with capacity more than 500 Organic Tanks to be facilitated with fixed roof with floating internal cover or floating
barrels & true vapour pressure more than 570 Vapour roof closed ventilation and equipped with system of recovery of vapour to
mm mercury reduce emission level by 95% or equivalent.
.4.4 Storage tanks with capacity more than Organic Vapour Closed ventilation system must be provided and avoid vapour to reduce emission level to
1000 barrels & vapour pressure less than 95% (minimum)
24mm mercury or capacity 500 barrel and
vapour pressure more than 116 mm mercury
REF:
SOURCE 4 APPENDIX 20- OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS AMENDED BY LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL
REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE 433 YEAR 47 TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
Reference No. SHE-EMAB-01-1404 Title: Procedure on Air Pollution Monitoring & Control
Rev 02
Page No. 22 of 27
TABLE 6.1 E
EPA STANDARDS FOR EMISSION FROM VEHICLE EXHAUST
SOURCE UNIT STANDARDS

NON METHANE HYDROCARBON CARBON NITROGEN
HYDROCARBON MONOXIDE OXIDE
MANUFACTURED BEFORE 1990
Light Vehicle Gram / Km 0.22 0.5 2.22 0.63
Medium & Heavy Vehicle 0.42 0.5 6.25 0.75 (Medium)
1.1 (Heavy)
SOURCE UNIT Non Methane DIESEL CARBON NITROGEN OXIDES

Hydrocarbon MONOXIDE GASOLINE DIESEL
MANUFACTURED SINCE 1990 AND EITHER 6 YRS OLD OR PASSED 160,000 KM
Light Vehicle Car (1700 kgs or less) Gram / Km 0.193 0.0625 2.63 0.38 0.78
Medium Vehicle (More than 1700 kgs and
0.25 0.0625 3.4 0.61 0.61
less than 2500 kgs)
Heavy Vehicle (More than 2500 kgs) 0.35 0.0625 4.56 0.96 0.96
MANUFACTURED SINCE 1990 AND EITHER 6 YRS OLD OR PASSED 160,000 KM
Light Vehicle Car (1700 kgs or less) Gram / Km 0.15 0.05 2.215 0.25 0.625
Medium Vehicle (More than 1700 kgs and 0.2 0.05 2.75 0.44 0.44
less than 2500 kgs)
Heavy Vehicle (More than 2500 kgs) 0.24 0.05 3.125 0.69 0.69
REF:
APPENDIX 19-1 & 19-2 OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS AMENDED BY LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL
REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE 433 YEAR 47 TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
Rev 02
Page No. 23 of 27
TABLE 6.1F
EPA LIMITS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE RESULTING FROM INDUSTRY
Type of area exposed to external noise Table of Leq (Decibel) during different periods of the day
7.00 Hrs to 14.00 Hrs 14.00 Hrs to 22.00 Hrs 22.00 Hrs to 04.00 Hrs
Ideal Residential Area – Villa areas / 50 45 45

Suburbs
Urban Residential Area 55 50 45
Urban Residential area with some 60 55 50

commercial activities and workshops
Industrial and Commercial areas 70 70 65
R EF:
APPENDIX 18-3 OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTED UNDER LAW NO 21 OF 1995 AS AMENDED BY LAW NO 16 OF 1996 REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
AND STANDARDS IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT. PUBLISHED IN KUWAIT AL YOUM APPENDIX TO ISSUE 433 YEAR 47 TUESDAY OCTOBER 2, 2001.
Rev 02
Page No. 24 of 27
APPENDIX: S1: MAA REFINERY POINT SOURCES

PROCESS HEATERS (Equipment ID)
H-25-101 H-33-005
H-25-201 H-33-006
H-25-202 H-33-401
H-25-203 H-84-100
H-25-204 H-84-200
H-25-205 41-H001
H-26-101 41-H002
H-26-201 41-H003
H-26-202 42-H001
H-26-203 42-H002
H-26-204 81-H001
H-26-205 81-H002
H-35-002D 81-H003
H-35-002C 82-H001
H-31-001 82-H002
H-31-002 H-03-070
H-31-003 H-40-001
H-31-004 H-80-001
H-31-005 H-48-001
H-31-006 H-49-001
H-32-001 H-88-001
H-32-002 H-89-001
H-32-003 H-83-001
H-32-004 H-84-320
H-32-005 H-39-001
H-32-006 H-12-001
H-32-006 H-43-001
H-33-001 H-44-001
H-33-002 H-58-001
H-33-003
H-33-004
BOILERS (Equipment ID)
B-29-011 B-29-001
B-29-012 B-29-101
B-29-013 B-29-151
B-29-014
SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT (Equipment ID)
TGTU-55 TGTU-54
TGTU-93 TGTU -20-400
Rev 03
Page No. 25 of 27
FLUIDIZED CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT (Equipment ID)

FCC-UNIT-86
FLARE
ST-62-103 ST-35-001
ST-62-401 ST-10-301
ST-62-001 36 F 001 A
ST-62-101 36 F 001 B
ST-62-102 36 F 002 A
ST-62-301 36 F 002 B
ST-119-800
ST-25-407
ST-39-001
Rev 03
Page No. 26 of 27
APPENDIX: S2: MAB REFINERY POINT SOURCES

H-01-101 H-12-202
H-01-102 H-12-103
H-01-104 H-13-101
H-01-105 H-13-201
H-01-106 H-14-101
H-01-107 H-14-102
H-01-108 H-14-103
H-01-109 H-15-101
H-01-110 H-16-101
H-02-101A H-17-101
H-02-101B H-18-101
H-02-102 H-18-201
H-03-101 H-18-301
H-11-101 H-20-101
H-12-101 H-20-102
H-12-102 H-20-201
H-12-201 H-20-202
B-06-101 B-31-101C
B-31-101A B-31-102A
B-31-101B B-31-102B
FL-24-101 FL-24-201
FLARE
FL-49-101 FL-01-103
FL-49-102 FL-23-101
FL-01-102 FL-23-102
Rev 03
Page No. 27 of 27
APPENDIX: S3: SHU REFINERY POINT SOURCES
H-05-01 H-11-04
H-06-01 H-11-05
H-06-02 H-11-06
H-06-03 H-12-01
H-06-04 H-12-03
H-07-01 A H-12-04
H-07-02 A H-13-01
H-07-01 B H-13-03
H-07-02 B H-63-01
H-08-01 H-68-01
H-08-02 H-68-02
H-09-01 H-02-01
H-10-01 H-05-51
H-11-02 H-62-01
H-11-03 H-07-04
H-07-03 H-63-01
B-20-01A B-20-01 C
B-20-01 B B-20-01 D
Unit 04 * Unit 74 *
FLARE
ST-29-01 ST-29-03
ST-29-02
* Unit 04 and 74 emissions though reported separately currently the tail gas from these units are routed
to TGTU Unit 75 as common stream before discharge to atmosphere from Oct 06.
Rev 03

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3.0 MAIN AIR POLLUTANTS 5

4.0 SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS 6

5.0 GENERAL PROCEDURES 8

6.0 REGULATORY STIPULATIONS AND STANDARDS 18

APPENDIX & ANNEXURES

Objective of this procedure is to:

1.3 ORGANI SATI ON

All the above references are available on KNPC’s HSE Department’s

This procedure shall be reviewed as necessary due to changes in

The procedure shall be communicated by publishing it at the Company’s

After every revision a communication will be sent to concerned functions

2.0 DEFI NI TI ONS

Air Pollution: Discharge and presence of air contaminants (gaseous,

Competent Person: A fit and trained person appointed by the Company

Environment: Surrounding in which organisation operates including air,

Environment Management System: Part of Organisations Management

EMS – Management Representative (EMR): A person appointed by the

Point sources: Point sources include stationary equipment sources with

Area sources: Area sources are sources with no defined outlet /

Ambient Air: That part of the atmosphere external to buildings to which

3.0 MAIN AIR POLLUTANTS

Gaseous and particulate emissions arising out of refinery operations are

• Sulphur oxides (SOx)

• Oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

• Carbon monoxide (CO)

• Particulate Matter (PM)

• Hydrocarbon: Methane & Non Methane Volatile Organic Compounds

• Carbon dioxides (CO2)

• Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS)

Emission, if any from chemical stored / handled / used in KNPC’s

4.0 SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS

Air pollutants from refineries mainly originate from following sources:

- Process furnaces, boilers, gas turbines,

- Process furnaces, boilers, gas turbines,

- Process furnaces, boilers,

- Process furnaces and boilers, particularly when firing liquid

• Hydrocarbon: Methane & Non Methane-Volatile Organic

- Storage and handling facilities,

• Ozone Depleting Substances

- Air conditioning Systems

- Process furnaces, boilers,

- SRU /TGTU stacks

5.0 GENERAL PROCEDURES

This section provides general procedures for abatement of undesired

5.1.1 Air pollution control equipment will be maintained / operated in such a

5.1.2 Necessary facilities will be created / process modification carried out to

ii) Recommendation of Environmental Impact Assessment Study if carried

iii) In addition, subject to techno economic concerns, it will be

iv) Also, Environment Division may issue guidelines on specific types of

Burners for Heaters and Boilers will be designed for 66 ppmv or

Height of critical stacks like Sulfur Recovery Unit incinerator stack

Gas / Diesel engines/turbines will be designed for low NOx emission

Odor Management practices like chemical decontamination of unit,

5.1.4 Necessary measurements will be done by gaseous samples’ analysis in

5.1.5 Record of the observations will be maintained by Operations , Laboratory,

5.1.6 In case of any deviations in the observed values, immediate corrective

5.1.7 Monitoring of various parameters will be carried out as per requirement of

5.1.11 Montreal Protocol requirements will be complied with to control emission

1. Operations Operate the plant and various equipment in a manner to

Adjust process parameter in case of any deviation or trend

Maintain records of in-situ air monitoring instruments,