PROTECTIVE LIGHTNING

PROTECTIVE LIGHTNING
-Single most cost-effective deterrent to crime because it creates a
psychological deterrent to the intruders.

Purpose of Protective Lightning:

1. Provides sufficient illumination to areas during hours of darkness.

2. It improves visibility so that intruders can be seen, identified and apprehend;
3. It gives psychological fear, which serves as a deterrent to thieves, pilferers, trespassers,
and sabotage;
4. It makes easier. The routine of work of guards in identifying employees, vehicles during
night time;
5. f placed in certain areas, may even reduce the number of stationary guards, and instead,
may require only roving patrols at night.
TYPES OF SECURITY LIGHTING
1. Continuous Lightning- The most common type of protective lighting. This involves
arranging lights to illuminate an area from dusk to dawn. The lights stay on
continuously, preventing the area from ever being partly or fully dark. This is
especially used in outdoor security lighting.
• Glare Protection Type – being used in
prisons and correctional institutions to
illuminate walls and outside barriers

• Controlled lighting- The lighting is focused

on certain objects than the background.
- limits the projection of
light to illuminate a limited area
outside a perimeter.
2. Standby Lighting – similar to continuous lighting but can be
turned on manually or by special device
or other automatic means, when there is a suspicion of entry.

3. Movable or Portable Lightning- This type of lighting can be

stationary or portable.
- most commonly used as searchlights.
- may be manual or computer-operated and are mostly used to
supplement continuous or standby lighting situations

4. Emergency Lighting – stand by

lighting which can be utilized in the
event of electrical failure
GENERAL TYPES OF LIGHTNING SOURCES

1. Incandescent Lamp – least expensive in terms

of energy consumed and has the advantage of
providing instant illumination when the switch is
on.

2. Mercury Vapor Lamp – more efficient than

incandescent and widespread in exterior lightning. This
emits a purplish-white color, cause by an electric
current passing through a tube of conducting a
luminous gas
3. Metal Halide – Similar physical appearance to
Mercury Vapor but provides a light source of
higher luminous efficiency and better color
rendition.

4. Fluorescent – provides good color rendition, high

lamp efficiency as well as long life. However it cannot
project light over long distance and thus are not
desirable as flood type lights.
Areas to be Lighted
1. Perimeter fence
2. Building Face Perimeter
3. Pedestrian and Vehicular Entrance
4. Parking Area
5. Storage, large opened working areas, piers, docks and other
sensitive areas
PROTECTIVE ALARMS
PROTECTIVE ALARMS
Is an aural or visual signal given by the annunciator to the security
when intruder actuate certain devices in a protected area. An annunciator is
a visual or audible signaling device, which initiates conditions of associated
circuits.
Basically, alarm system are designed to alert security personnel of a
attempted or consummated intrusion into an area, building or compound.
Each type of alarm is activated in the event that an intruder tampers with
the circuitry, a beam or radiated waves. Alarm are also for fire, smoke, or
other emergencies and presence of hazards.
THREE BASIC PARTS OF ALARM

1. Sensors - device that can sense an abnormal condition within the

system and provide a signal indicating the presence or nature of the
abnormality.

2. CIRCUIT/ Transmission Line - It is the communication channel that

conveys the information from all sensors in the system to the signal
by means of wire, radio waves.

3. Annunciator – It is the signaling system that activates the alarm.

TYPES OF PROTECTIVE ALARM

1. Central Station System – Type of alarm where the control station is

located outside the plant or installation. When the alarm is sounded or
actuated by subscriber, the central station notifies the police and other
public safety agency.

2. Proprietary System – Centralized monitor of the proprietary alarm system is

located in the industrial firm itself with duty operator. In case of alarm, the
duty operator calls whatever is the primary need; firefighters, police,
ambulance or bomb disposal unit.
TYPES OF PROTECTIVE ALARM

3. Auxiliary System – a company-owned alarm systems with a unit in the

nearest police station so that in case of need, direct call is possible. The
company maintains the equipment and lines both for the company and those
in the police, fire and other emergency agencies by special arrangement.
Radio landlines or cellphones can avail of the auxiliary alarm.

4. Local Alarm System – Consists of ringing up a visual or audible alarm near

the object to be protected. In case of alarm, response will be made by the
local guards and other personnel within sight or hearing.
KINDS OF ALARM
1. Audio Detection Device – detect any sound
caused by attempted force entry. A supersonic
microphone and speaker sensor is installed in
walls, ceilings and floors of the protected area

2. Vibration Detection Device – deter

vibration caused by attempted force entry. A
vibration sensitive sensor is attached to walls,
ceilings or floors of the protected area
KINDS OF ALARM
3. Metallic Foil or Wire – detect any action that
moves the foil or wire. An electrical charge
strips of tinfoil or wire is used in doors,
windows or glass surface of protected area.

4. Laser Beam Alarm – a laser emitted floods a wall or

fencing with a beam. When the beam is disturbed by
physical object, an alarm is activated

5. Photoelectric or Electric Eye Device –

an invisible or visible beam is emitted and
when this is disturbed or when the
intruder breaks contact with the beam, it
will activate the alarm.
KINDS OF ALARM

6. Space and Motion Detectors - this system derived

their operating principle usually from a physical
phenomenon. Constant sound waves in a cubicle
disturbed by an object cause change of frequency and
wave motion, therby causing alarm or trigger.

7. Foot Rail Activator – commonly used by the tellers

of the banks.