Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.

APPENDIX II.8

PIPING AND MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION

Revision Date Prepared by Revised by Approved by

May 2018

Diciembre 2019 Page 1 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

INDEX

I. INTRODUCTION 3
II. PIPING REQUIREMENTS 3
II.1. SUPPORTS 4
II.2. STRESS ANALYSIS 5
II.3. FLANGES 5
II.4. VALVES 6
II.5. VENTS AND DRAINS 6
II.6. STEAM TRAPS 7
II.7. SAMPLING 7
II.8. UTILITY AND HOSE STATIONS 7
II.9. MISCELLANEOUS 8
II.10. PIPE RACK DESIGN 8
II.11. BATTERY LIMIT INTERCONNECTION 9
II.12. NITROGEN SUPPLY 9
II.13. PIPING PAINTING 9
II.14. INSULATION AND EXTERNAL COVERINGS 10
II.15. EXTERNAL HEATING 11
III. PIPING TEST AND QUALITY CONTROL 11
III.1. PIPE THICKNESS CONTROL 12
III.2. POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATIONS (PMI) 12
III.3. WELDING 12
III.4. WELD TESTING 12
III.5. HYDROSTATIC TEST 13
IV. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 13
IV.1. PRESSURE VESSEL, STORAGE TANKS, TRAYS AND INTERNALS 13
IV.1.1 VESSELS 13
IV.1.2 TANKS FOR LIQUID STORAGE 14
IV.2. HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT 14
IV.2.1 HEATERS, FURNACES AND BOILERS 14
IV.2.2 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS 15
IV.2.3 AIR COOLERS 16
IV.3. ROTATORIES EQUIPMENT 17
IV.3.1 PUMPS, COMPRESSORS AND TURBINES 17
IV.4. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES 19
IV.5. SPECIAL ITEMS 20
IV.6. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT PAINTING 20
IV.7. METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WET H 2 S 21
V. MANDATORY CODES AND STANDARDS 23

Diciembre 2019 Page 2 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

I. INTRODUCTION

This standard specification covers all those minimal requirements related to piping and
mechanical equipment, which according to the experience gathered by ERSA over several
years from the construction, operation and maintenance of its process units, turn to be
appropriated and applicable for new Projects.

Contractor shall be responsible for performing the detailed design in accordance with
Basic Engineering Packages specially the one prepared by Licensor.

Contractor shall adhere to each and every instruction set forth in this document when
performing the detailed engineering being part of an EPC contract, so as to reach the
correct completion of the Project.

Furthermore, Contractor shall also comply with the requirements stated in the codes,
standards and normative pointed out throughout this document.

II. PIPING REQUIREMENTS

All piping shall be designed, constructed, installed, inspected and tested in accordance
with ASME B.313 Process Piping, code section of ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping.

Piping shall also comply with the standards and specifications outlined in Section VI of this
document.

1. For all pipe classes, joints pipe smaller than NPS 2" shall be socket welded, butt-
welded, or flanged. The exception shall be galvanized pipe or instrument connections
when instrument is specified with NPT connections.
2. Joints in pipe size NPS 2" or larger shall be welded or flanged. The exception shall be
2" galvanized pipe.
3. For stainless steel the minimum schedule shall be schedule 10S.
4. For carbon steel pipe classes, the minimum corrosion allowance shall be 3 mm. In
particular cases where recommended corrosion allowance is less than 3 mm an
approval by ERSA is required.
5. For alloy pipe classes, the minimum corrosion allowance shall be 1.5 mm. In particular
cases where recommended corrosion allowance is less than 1.5 mm an approval by
ERSA is required.
6. Inside the process area only seamless pipe is allowed. Exceptions shall be approved by
ERSA.
7. Union joints shall not be used for hydrocarbon service; in these cases, flanged joints
shall be used without exception.

Diciembre 2019 Page 3 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

8. All threaded joints shall be seal welded unless this is impracticable and/or subject to
prior ERSA's approval, however threaded vent/drain caps downstream of block valve
shall not be welded.
9. All welds (100%) on alloy or stainless-steel material shall be tested (X rays, ultrasonic
or dye check).
10. At least 10% of welds in carbon steel material shall be tested.
11. All piping shall be routed aerially over a suitable support structures.
12. Minimum recommended pipe diameter for pipe-rack lines is 2". Due to low
mechanical resistance, pipes having a diameter less than 2" shall not be laid on pipe -
racks.
13. Pipes having a diameter less than 2" shall consider additional support on pipe racks
according to mechanical resistance of each pipe size.
14. Flare system ISBL Process Units shall include a main pipe and a knock out drum, if it
applies. Knock out drum discharges shall be routed to the refinery flare system (main
header), with double block valves and spectacle flanges (figure 8) normally open. Block
valves shall be locked open or car sealed open and include metal tag permanently
attached to the valves.
15. Pipe sizing shall be according ASME B36.10. 1¼", 2½", 3½" and 5" diameters are not
normally used by ERSA and shall therefore be avoided.
16. Medium and high-pressure steam pipelines shall be provided with battery limit
compensation lines for heating ISBL, prior to the Process Units start-up. ¾" diameter
pipelines shall be used for this purpose, with associated block valves and orifice flow
restriction elements.
17. Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages, piping external heating shall
be specified as follows:
a) ERA : electric tracing.
b) ERBB : steam tracing.
18. Piping thickness shall be at least according ASME B16.5 design and temperature rating.
19. ASME B16.11 Class 2000 are not normally used by ERSA and are not allowed.

II.1. SUPPORTS

1. Piping supports shall be designed based upon a stress analysis and shall consider all
stress requirements: fluid weight, hydrostatic weight, start up, shut down, upset,
thermal, seismic and wind according to code provision.
2. Piping supports shall be flexible enough to absorb deformations due to seismic
differential and thermal displacement. Stress analysis shall be performed according
to Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP and FEMA 4144, last edition (Federal
Emergency Management Agency) - Installing Seismic Restraints for Duct and Pipe.
3. Design for supports, guides, anchors, etc. for all lines 1" and above shall be
considered.

Diciembre 2019 Page 4 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

4. Contractor shall perform stress and support analyses ISBL by considering that OSBL
pipe anchor positions shall be defined in coordination with ERSA, if it applies.
5. Design, supply and installation of spring hanger and special supports shall be
considered.
6. Piping supports design shall ensure that stress in nozzles is lower than the maximum
allowable nozzle load.

II.2. STRESS ANALYSIS

Stress analysis shall be performed according to ASME B 31.3 and Appendix IV.1, Chapter
IV of the RFP.

A formal stress analysis shall be performed at least in any of the following cases:

1. Lines 2" and larger.

2. When flowing media is designated as a two-phase flow mixture.
3. When piping is subject to vibration, such as when connected to reciprocating pumps
or compressors.
4. Connections to equipment for which the vendor has furnished maximum allowable
reaction.
5. Lines in vacuum service.
6. Overall hot and cold system headers, which service multiple pieces of equipment,
such as for steam, condensate, flare, etc., with 1" and larger connecting branches.
7. When piping system is required pursuant to civil engineering design.

Additionally, all piping shall be designed considering enough flexibility allowance to

stand seismic loads and deformations according to Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

Design shall be analysed for all possible friction range during operating life. For metal-
metal, a minimum friction coefficient range from 0.1 to 0.6 shall be considered. All
formal stress analysis shall be documented in a calculation report.

II.3. FLANGES

1. Slip-on flanges shall not be used in process and utility services.

2. Lap joint flanges shall not be used in process services.
3. Thermowells connections shall be flanged.
4. Thermowells flanges shall be designed diameter 1” as minimum and rating according
to the process conditions.

Diciembre 2019 Page 5 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

II.4. VALVES

1. All critical valves shall be specified, supplied and installed including a unique tag
number (independent of the manufacturer's identification number) corresponding to
that specified on the respective P&ID's and relevant isometric drawings. Tag number
shall be indicated on material take off, which in turn shall include a full description of
the associated valve.
2. Car sealed open valves shall include a lockout device and metal tag permanently
attached to the valves, including the following Spanish message: “Esta válvula no
puede ser cerrada sin autorización escrita por una autoridad responsible".
3. Car sealed closed valves shall include a lockout device and metal tag permanently
attached to the valves, including the following Spanish message: “Esta válvula no
puede ser abierta sin autorización escrita por una autoridad responsable”.
4. Locked open valves shall include metal tag permanently attached to the valves,
including the following Spanish message: “Esta válvula no puede ser cerrada sin
autorización escrita por una autoridad responsible".
5. Locked closed valves shall include a metal tag permanently attached to the valves,
including the following Spanish message: “Esta válvula no puede ser abierta sin
autorización escrita por una autoridad responsible".
6. For 2” and less a minimum 800 PSI WOG valve is required by ERSA.
7. In HP steam services, warm up bypasses valves shall be 1” – Class 6000.
8. All open-ended valves or lines shall be capped.
9. Rising stem valves shall be specified with low emission packings.
10. Wafer valves are not allowed.

II.5. VENTS AND DRAINS

All vents and drains shall be designed as per the following minimum configuration:
nipple-gate valve- nipple-threaded cap, in accordance with drawing CN-13135-b,
included in Appendix IV.6, Chapter IV of the RFP.

In case of line internal pressure higher than 15 [kg/cm2g], an additional valve (globe
type) shall be specified in order to ensure the safe depressurization.

All steam vent points shall be specified and provided including silencers and shall
discharge to atmosphere at a safe point.

Vents and drains discharge shall be directed to the points indicated in the Basic
Engineering Package(s). If no instructions are given in the Basic Engineering Packages,
equipment vents shall discharge to the flare system. Additional vents and drains shall
also be specified as per maintenance requirements.

Diciembre 2019 Page 6 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

All installed equipment vents or pressure relief valves shall be accessible from the floor
or from purpose-built platforms, with two (2) access points.

Contractor shall specify that vents to be used for purging and/or evacuating air during
construction and pre-commissioning activities shall not be seal welded till after
hydrostatic pressure testing has been successfully performed.

II.6. STEAM TRAPS

Drawing CN-13156-a for ERBB and C-13804-a-9M for ERA are included in Appendix IV.6,
Chapter IV of the RFP, shows the acceptable arrangements for steam trap design and
installation.

II.7. SAMPLING

Closed sampling systems shall be specified for all process fluids. Closed sampling systems
shall be designed as per drawing CN-12113-I for ERBB and C-15540-i-9K for ERA, are
included in Appendix IV.6, Chapter IV of the RFP.

Contractor shall consider as a minimum, the sampling points indicated in the respective
Basic Engineering Packages. Irrespective of the latter, sufficient sample points shall be
provided, so as to ensure adequate troubleshooting can be performed during the
Process Units operation.

Additionally, in order to detect possible hydrocarbon contamination in the cooling water

return, sampling points shall be included on the water side of the tube and shell coolers
(hot side).

II.8. UTILITY AND HOSE STATIONS

Contractor shall specify, supply and install utility and hose stations for at least low-
pressure steam, air and water and nitrogen, at adequate points within the Project
process areas.

The service stations shall be designed with 1" lines and valves as specified on drawing
CN-13167-a, included in Appendix IV.6, Chapter IV of the RFP. The number and location
of utility and hose stations shall be specified so as to permit any part of the Project
process areas to be reached with 15 [m] long hoses.

Utility and hose stations shall also be specified for the following cases (at a height of 1
meter on the respective platform):

Diciembre 2019 Page 7 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

On alternate levels of elevated structures, so as to permit access to all parts of the

structure with 15 [m] long hoses.

On platforms required for access to columns, vessels and tank manholes.

Each hose station shall include one (1) “hose-trap” to help operators on steam hoses
manipulation and prevent accidents. Hose-trap design shall be based upon drawing CN-
47108-A1, included in Appendix IV.6, Chapter IV of the RFP.

II.9. MISCELLANEOUS

1. Long bolted flanged connections installations (bellows joints) in hydrocarbon service

and in pool fire hazard areas shall be avoided. In case of not being possible, they shall
be fireproofed, according to standard C-13333-a-9i. The final design shall be
approved by ERSA.
2. Strainers shall be designed according to ASME VIII, Section 1.
3. Screen of mesh size 20 or thinner shall be reinforced with perforated plates or
heavier screen with steel bars.

II.10. PIPE RACK DESIGN

Pipe rack design shall adhere to the following directions:

1. The minimum free height above finished ground level shall be 4.0 m for main pipe
rack inside battery limit. For roads crossing pipe racks, the minimum height shall be
7.0 m.
2. For parallel arrangement pipe racks, the minimum free height between levels shall
be 1.2 m for ERA and 2 m for ERBB. On orthogonal configuration, the minimum free
height between levels shall be 0.6 m for ERA and 1 m for ERBB.
3. The minimum free height above finish ground level shall be 3.4 m for secondary pipe
rack.
4. Pipe direction changes are not allowed at the same pipe rack elevation.
5. Any pipe direction change shall be designed by changing to another pipe rack
elevation.
6. Structural frame systems of pipe rack shall be designed considering that all its
capacity is occupied by piping in all levels, according to Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of
the RFP.
7. Structural frame systems of pipe rack shall be designed considering an extra level of
pipe for future revamp. For design conditions, Contractor shall consider loads and
dimensions of last pipe rack level.

Diciembre 2019 Page 8 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

II.11. BATTERY LIMIT INTERCONNECTION

The following flanged piping configuration shall be installed in the mechanical battery
limit: gate valve-drain-figure 8-gate valve, according to drawing C-13805-a-9M for ERA
and CN-18059-b for ERBB.

All installed valves shall be accessible to the operation and maintenance personnel, from
the floor or from purpose-built platforms, with two (2) access points.

Pipe ends at the respective Project battery limit shall consist of minimum 2” diameter
welded flanges. Contractor shall specify that prior to the interconnection, pipe ends shall
be fitted with blind flanges.

The final pipe-rack layout design (piping, conduits and cable trays) shall be presented to
ERSA for approval prior to be approved for construction. ERSA reserves the right to
decide the respective battery limit distribution for piping, conduits and cable trays (i.e.
coordinates and elevation).

All pipelines shall be anchored ISBL, with expansion absorbed on the Plant Process side
(i.e. Contractor’s responsibility).

II.12. NITROGEN SUPPLY

Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages, nitrogen supply for the start-
up and shut-down of equipment and/or purging or inertization of certain sections of the
Process Units and systems, shall be designed, supplied and installed as being fed via
dedicated pipelines connected to a common header.

Nitrogen supply for pressurized barrier fluid systems shall be designed, supplied and
installed as being fed via dedicated pipelines connected to a common header.

Supply by means of in-site cylinders may only be accepted subject to ERSA’s approval.

II.13. PIPING PAINTING

Contractor shall specify pipes to be painted according to ERSA's standards: EI-012 and EI-
016 for ERBB and “Anexo D - Estandar De Especificaciones Tecnicas Para la Pintura de
Cañerias, Equipos, Soportes y Estructuras” for ERA included in Appendix IV.5 Chapter IV
of the RFP.

Diciembre 2019 Page 9 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

For ERBB, all pipes to be installed OSBL may be painted with the paint system B. For all
other pipes and equipment (including vessels, heaters, tanks, heat exchangers, air
coolers, compressors, pumps, etc.), Contractor should use paint system D. System B and
D are indicated in EI-012.

The respective Scope of Work includes the paint-work required for:

1. Protection against rusting.

2. Color-coding and legend of piping.
3. Safety symbols and area classification.
4. All other complementary paint-works.

II.14. INSULATION AND EXTERNAL COVERINGS

As a personal protection, Contractor shall specify protective insulation for equipment,

piping, valves, accessories, etc., with an external surface operation temperature higher
than 65 [°C].

Design, supply and construction to be performed by Contractor shall comply with the
following criteria:

1. In general, insulation shall be specified in accordance with ASTM C 533 standard.

2. Design and installation of support systems for insulated piping or equipment shall
avoid damage to the insulating material and associated protective covering.
3. For piping and horizontal vessels, calcium silicate insulation shall be specified as
required and in accordance with ASTM Standard C 533.
4. For columns and vertical vessels, either calcium silicate or mineral blanket [100
kg/m3] shall be specified.
5. Asbestos shall not be specified for insulation purposes.
6. For ERBB, design ambient temperature and wind speed of 12 [°C] and 20 [km/h]
respectively, shall be used when specifying hot services is required. For ERA, these
parameters shall be considered according to Design Basis defined in Basic
Engineering Packages.
7. Insulation and external covering design shall include the expansion joints necessary
for equipment dilation, with approval of expansion joint vendor
8. Insulation and external covering for pipes, accessories and valves shall be in
accordance with ASTM C 533.
9. 0.5 [mm] Aluminium sheet shall be specified for insulation covering, the jacketing
being secured by galvanized Parker screws and stainless-steel bands. The sheets shall
be ribbed at the edges to insure impermeable joints.

Diciembre 2019 Page 10 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

10. Stainless steel sheets are required for insulation covering on any system where
insulation is considered to be in place for the relief valve fire exposure design case,
or part of a fireproofing system.
11. Stainless steel sheets are required for insulation covering in areas subject to severe
mechanical damage.
12. The external covering shall be designed to ensure complete impermeability to rain
water and other atmospheric agents. The exterior covering shall therefore include
the necessary channelling for rainwater discharge and drainage.
13. Proper sealing shall be provided at points where pipes traverse the insulation
covering to enter and leave pieces of equipment or pipelines. Access doors for
cleaning and drains shall be located wherever necessary.
14. Properly constructed sealed taps shall be specified at points where it is necessary to
install sampling devices, locate thermocouples, instruments, etc. It shall be possible
to access the fittings required to dismantle these items, easily and without causing
damage to the insulation or covering.
15. The particular fluid colour-coding shall be indicated on the external Aluminium
covering. For ERBB, colour-coding shall be specified in accordance with standard EI-
016, included in Appendix IV.5, Chapter IV of the RFP of the RFP. For ERA, it shall be
considered in accordance with “Anexo D - Estandar De Especificaciones Tecnicas Para
La Pintura De Cañerias, Equipos, Soportes y Estructuras”.

II.15. EXTERNAL HEATING

The external heating required by piping and equipment shall be specified by means of
steam tracing, electrical heating or another system subject to ERSA's approval.

Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages, piping external heating shall
be specified as follows:

a) ERA : electric tracing.

b) ERBB : steam tracing.

III. PIPING TEST AND QUALITY CONTROL

Contractor quality control system shall ensure the correct labelling of pipes for inventory
purposes, the latter being necessary to avoid errors during construction as pipe labels
often get misplaced during construction activities and spool fabrication.

Circuits shall be tested with all certificated and approved by ERSA. All quality control
records of each circuit or spool shall include as minimum:

1. Material identifications.
2. Positive material identifications (PMI).

Diciembre 2019 Page 11 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

3. P&ID drawing.
4. An isometric drawing with field weld joints.
5. Inspection Test of circuit (X rays, ultrasonic, dye check or another Non-Destructive
Test).
6. Punch list.
7. Hydrostatic test certifications.
8. Wash and normalizations of circuit.

All certified shall be signed by Contractor and approved by ERSA.

III.1. PIPE THICKNESS CONTROL

Contractor shall include in their quality control system the measuring of pipe thickness.
Contractor shall measure of 100% of pipe, fittings, nipples, etc. pertaining to the
installed pipe circuit. Records of the thickness control shall be included in the quality
control of each pipe circuit.

III.2. POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATIONS (PMI)

ERSA will require 100% PMI for each element installed. This requirement shall apply for
carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel, including all piping and all fittings. PMI
records shall be included in the quality control of each pipe circuit and spool circuit
control systems.

III.3. WELDING

The latest editions of ANSI B 31.3, ASME Section I-IX and II (Part C) and AWS standards
shall be used for material selection, wane preparation, welding, testing (destructive or
non-destructive) and to define required welder qualification.

Contractor shall specify preferentially shop fabricate piping spools, so as to minimize

field welds for safety and quality reasons.

III.4. WELD TESTING

Inspection shall be according ASME B31.3. In addition, ERSA requires that all weld
(100%) on alloy and stainless-steel material be tested (X rays, ultrasonic, dye check or
another Non-Destructive Test).
At least 10% of welds in carbon steel material shall be tested.
Socket weld joint shall be radiography 2% to determine gap.

Diciembre 2019 Page 12 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

III.5. HYDROSTATIC TEST

According to point 345.1 of the ASME Standard B-31.3, piping shall be hydraulically
tested once all tests on every piping weld have been executed. According to point
345.2.6 of the ASME Standard B-31.3, minor weld repairs, on hydraulically tested piping
can be done with no need of a new the hydraulic test. Any repair requiring a weld with
electric arc or similar will be considered a mayor repair and need a new hydrostatic test
will be needed.

Contractor shall accept that, prior to, and as a requisite for the mechanical completion
acceptance, ERSA is to request a complete set of hydraulic circuit test documentation,
including non-destructive controls, X-rays, dye piercing tests, etc. ERSA shall audit the
documentation as part of the mechanical completion acceptance formalities.

Appendix IV.6, Chapter IV of the RFP includes a pressure test diagram sample to be
considered for this purpose.

IV. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

Technical requirements concerning detailed engineering as well as deliverables, includes

but is not limited to the following activities:

IV.1. PRESSURE VESSEL, STORAGE TANKS, TRAYS AND INTERNALS

IV.1.1 VESSELS

Vessels, reactors, drums and columns shall comply with ASME Section VIII Division 1
code. In special cases, ASME VIII Section 2 may be considered subject to ERSA’s
approval.

1. Slip-on flanges are not allowed for any service.

2. Anchor bolts design shall be in accordance with Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the
RFP.
3. Saddle and skirt design shall be in accordance with Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the
RFP.
4. Corrosion allowance shall be 3 mm minimum, in accordance with Appendix IV.1,
Chapter IV of the RFP.

Diciembre 2019 Page 13 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

IV.1.2 TANKS FOR LIQUID STORAGE

Tanks for liquid storage shall be designed according to the following codes:

1. API 650, "Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage”.

2. API 620, “Recommended Rules for Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low
Pressure Storage Tanks”.

IV.1.2.1 CORROSION ALLOWANCE

Corrosion allowance shall be in accordance with Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

IV.1.2.2 MINIMUM REQUIREMENT

Should the design code do not specify, the following minimum requirements shall be
adhered to by Contractor.

IV.1.2.2.1 STRUCTURAL SHAPES

All structural shapes shall comply with Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

IV.1.2.2.2 PLATES

All structural plates shall comply with Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

IV.1.2.2.3 ANCHOR BOLTS FOR CYLINDRICAL TANKS

All cylindrical tank with height/diameter ratio higher than 0.8 needs to be anchored
by means of anchor bolts according to Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

IV.2. HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT

IV.2.1 HEATERS, FURNACES AND BOILERS

Heaters and furnaces shall comply with API 560 and ASME VIII Div. 1 Boilers shall
comply with ASME Section I.

1. Due to environmental conditions a minimum of 65 m height stacks for all furnaces

and boilers shall be considered, regardless another indication is stated in Process
Basic Engineering Package.

Diciembre 2019 Page 14 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

2. A seismic analysis shall be performed for all these pieces of equipment according to
Appendix IV.1, Chapter IV of the RFP.

3. A minimum distance between equipment and structures such as platforms, beams,

columns, etc., shall be taking into account to allow for seismic deformations
without interferences in a seismic condition. The suitable gap shall be defined by a
seismic dynamic analysis or another proved kind of calculation. See SDS, last
edition.

All equipment shall be inspected according to the specific code design.

IV.2.2 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

All shell and tube heat exchangers shall be designed according to Tubular Exchanger
Manufacturers Associations (TEMA), ASME Code and API 660.

Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages, the following considerations

shall apply for the specification of shell and tube type heat exchangers:

1. A maximum tube length of 7.3 [m].

2. A maximum tube bundle diameter of 1,270 [mm].
3. A maximum tube bundle weight of 15 [tons].
4. A water side fouling factor of 0.3571 [m²°C/kW] for design purposes.
5. Triangular pitch for clean service (fouling < 0.3571).
6. Square or Rotated Square pitches for dirty service (fouling factor ≥ 0.3571).
7. TEMA type F, two pass shells shall not be used.
8. Taps shall be provided for cooling water side counter current washing (water
coolers).
9. All process heat exchangers shall be TEMA R type.

Heat exchangers with different metallurgy on tubes and tube sheet shall be avoided, in
order to prevent the risk of leaking due to thermal expansion on the connection points.
Tube sheets with clad/overlay of the same material than tubes are acceptable, as well
as sheets and tubes of the same metallurgy.

Whenever the data sheet of a heat exchangers indicates hydrogen service as a

requirement, material shall be specified as being HIC resistant according to NACE
MR0175 acceptance criteria and testing according to NACE TM0284. See more details
in Section V.6 (Metallurgical Requirements).

Diciembre 2019 Page 15 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

Clean Service Dirty Service

(Fouling < 0.893) (Fouling ≥ 0.893)
Steel
Outside Diameter ¾ inch 1 inch
Minimum BWG Number 14 Number 12
Alloy
Outside Diameter ¾ inch 1 inch
Minimum BWG Number 14 Number 14

Floating head shell and tube heat exchangers shall be provided with their respective
test heads.

IV.2.3 AIR COOLERS

All air coolers shall be designed according to API Std. 661, last edition.

Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages, the following considerations

shall apply for the specification of fin fanned air cooler heat exchangers:

1. For ERA site climatic conditions shall be considered according to Design Basis
defined in Basic Engineering Packages. For ERBB consider a design inlet air dry bulb
temperature of 32 [°C], minimum ambient temperature 0 [°C] and relative humidity
of 86%.
2. A preferred tube length of 9.1 [m], according to the pipe-rack wide. Forced draft
fan type.
3. Piping configuration of multi-bay air coolers shall allow each individual bay to be
taken off-line and cleaned during Process Units operation.
4. Inlet and outlet piping of each bay of multi-bay air coolers shall be provided with
block valves and spectacle blind.
5. Each bay of multi-bay air coolers shall be provided with connections for cleaning,
including inlet and outlet.

Extended platform below air coolers shall be considered to operational and

maintenance activities (assembly of scaffolding).

Provision shall be considered to facilitate external cleaning of finned tube bundles from
above without damaging fins.

Diciembre 2019 Page 16 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

The following table presents the preferred tube sizes for air-cooler heat exchangers:

Steel
Outside Diameter 1 inch
Minimum BWG Number
12
Alloy
Outside Diameter 1 inch
Minimum BWG Number
14

Whenever the data sheet of an air cooler indicates hydrogen service as a requirement,
material shall be specified as being HIC resistant according to NACE MR0175
acceptance criteria and testing according to NACE TM0284. See more details in Section
V.6 (Metallurgical Requirements).

Air cooler shall be provided with vibraswitch.

IV.3. ROTATORIES EQUIPMENT

IV.3.1 PUMPS, COMPRESSORS AND TURBINES

Pumps, compressors and turbines shall comply with the following relevant codes and
standards: API 610, 611, 612,613, 614, 617, 618, 619, 670, 671, 677, 685 and 682.

The standards shall apply to the following types of equipment:

Centrifugal Pumps API 610

Dosing Pumps API 674 and API 675
Positive Displacement Pumps API 675

The following directions shall also be taken into account:

1. Pumps shall be designed on the basis of unsheltered, outdoor installation.

2. Pumps considered as strategic/critical for process shall be specified normally
including installed spares. For intermittent pump services, no spare or a warehouse
spare as appropriate may be considered.
3. Pumps motors rated above 300 [HP] as well as those pumps considered as
strategic/critical for process, shall be provided with vibraswitch.

Diciembre 2019 Page 17 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

4. For ERBB Contractor shall only specify, supply and install Thomas series 71 pump
couplings. For ERA coupling shall be disc systems and coupling lubricated are
forbidden.
5. Direct acting steam reciprocating pumps are acceptable for limited use.
6. Unless otherwise indicated in Process Basic Engineering Packages, steam
reciprocating pumps and turbines shall exhaust to low pressure or medium
pressure.
7. For ERA site climatic conditions shall be considered according to Design Basis
defined in Basic Engineering Packages.
8. For ERBB air blowers and compressors, a temperature of 32 [°C] and a relative
humidity of 86% shall be considered for design purposes. Normal operation
condition shall be specified between 70% and 120% of the highest efficiency.
Minimum flow condition shall be in accordance with minimal rotation speed stated
by vendor, so as to avoid vibration, re-circulation, cavitation or temperature
increasing. The latter shall be ensured by complying with API 610 normative.
9. Unless otherwise indicated in Basic Engineering Packages noise from rotatory
equipment shall be limited to 80 dBA at one (1) meter. There shall be no exceptions
to the latter.

IV.3.1.1 COUPLING

1. Lubricated coupling is not allowed.

2. Coupling shall be specified as being a flexible disc system.

IV.3.1.2 PUMPS MECHANICAL SEAL

API 682 normative shall be applied when performing the specification of pump
mechanical seals.

The following types of cartridge mechanical seals shall be specified for the indicated
services:

High Temperature Hydrocarbon Service: Metallic Bellows Tandem

Gases, volatile or hazardous liquids: Bellows Tandem or Pusher
Water: Simple, Bellows or Pusher

1. Tandem mechanical seals shall have a buffer fluid re-circulation and accumulation
system, in accordance with API 682.
2. The monitoring system for seals shall send signals to control room.
3. For service with operation temperature higher than 200 [°C] or gasoline and
lighter doubles mechanical seals shall be mandatory.

Diciembre 2019 Page 18 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

4. All pumps turbines shall be specified including mechanical seals and electronic
governor.
5. Mechanical seal piping plans shall be specified made of stainless steel.

ERSA's standard EI-017, included in Appendix IV.5, Chapter IV of the RFP, includes
relevant and complementary information concerning the requirements set forth in
normative API 682, which Contractor shall fulfil when performing the specification of
pumps mechanical seals being part of the Project.

IV.3.1.3 VIBRATION MONITOR SYSTEM

All compressors and high rated pumps shall be supplied including a monitoring
system for vibration, temperature and alarm panel as well as remote trip system for
shut down.

ERSA’s existing vibration monitor system is Bently Nevada which is used to protect
rotatory equipment from damage produced by abnormal vibrations.

The following equipment shall be specified and supplied including a monitoring

system for vibration, temperature and alarm panel as well as remote trip system for
shut down:

1. Compressors.
2. Turbines.
3. Charge pumps.
4. Cooling tower.
5. Those indicated in Basic Engineering Packages.

All these pieces of equipment shall also be interfaced to ERSA’s existing Bently
Nevada vibration monitor system.

All vibration monitor system shall consider a double redundant (2 of 3) system.

IV.4. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES

Relief valves shall comply with API 520 Part II, 526 and API 527 normative. Section M-5.6,
Appendix M ASME BPCV, Section VIII Division 1 shall also be fulfilled.

If relief valve interconnection piping includes block valves and bypass with globe valve,
block valves and bypass valves shall be specified car sealed, according Section III.4
(include lockout device and metal tag permanently).

Diciembre 2019 Page 19 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

Block valves shall be installed so that stem is horizontally oriented. If not feasible, stem
shall be oriented down considering 45° as maximum from the horizontal.

The discharge of relief valves shall be directed to the points indicated in the Basic
Engineering Package(s). If no instructions are given in the Basic Engineering Packages,
relief valves shall discharge to the flare system. All installed relief valves shall be
accessible from the floor or from purpose-built platforms, with two (2) access points.

Noise generated by pressure relief valves discharging to atmosphere shall comply with
noise regulation for personnel and at property limits. If excessive, mitigation measure
shall be included.

IV.5. SPECIAL ITEMS

Contractor shall specify, supply and install overhead cranes, handrails and other special
items required for the correct operation and maintenance of the equipment.

Typical equipment requiring these kind of especial items (i.e. overhead cranes) are
compressors. Should this be the case, the crane load shall be determined based upon
typical maintenance requirements, to be defined according to ERSA's personnel
experience.

IV.6. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT PAINTING

Contractor shall specify pumps, electrical motors, vessels and other pieces of equipment,
items, components to be painted according to standards EI-012 and EI-016 for ERBB and
“Anexo D - Estandar De Especificaciones Tecnicas Para La Pintura De Cañerias, Equipos,
Soportes y Estructuras” for ERA included in Appendix IV.5 Chapter IV of the RFP.

Diciembre 2019 Page 20 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

IV.7. METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WET H2S

Unless otherwise indicated in the Basic Engineering Packages, Contractor shall specify
materials to prevent all range of damage mechanisms that can occur because of the
effect of hydrogen charging in wet H 2 S environments. Types of material damage that can
occur include: hydrogen sulphide corrosion (HSC), sulphide stress cracking (SSC),
hydrogen blistering, hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and/or stress-oriented hydrogen-
induced cracking (SOHIC).

All equipment, piping and valves in wet H 2 S service shall comply with the following
requirements:

1. Materials shall conform to NACE MR0103.

2. Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is required for all carbon and ferritic alloy steel
pressure-containing components that are welded and/or weld repaired. For carbon
steel, PWHT shall be 620 °C (1.150°F) minimum. Hold times and NACE SP0472
additional requirements shall be followed.
3. All carbon steel plate material shall comply as minimum with the following:
a) Steelmaking:
 Fully killed carbon steel.
 Fine grain practice.
 CaSi treatment.
 Vacuum treatment.
b) Level of inclusions 2 o lower, according to ASTM E 45, for fine series A, B, C and D.
c) Ω 12 (banding index) according to a "HIC resistant" steel (Ω 12 ≤ 0.43, according to
ASTM E 1268).
d) Chemistry requirements:
 Carbon content ≤ 0.18% (carbon equivalent ≤ 0.43%) and manganese content
≤ 1.2%.
 Sulphur content ≤ 0.002%.
 Oxygen content ≤ 0.0025%.
 Phosphor content ≤ 0.010%.
 Nickel content ≤ 0.5%.
e) Plain plates shall be UT tested in accordance with ASTM A 578, Level A.
f) It is required to pass the NACE standard TM0284 but using the acidified test
solution specified in NACE TM0177 with:
 Crack length ratio (CLR) ≤6%.
 Crack thickness ratio (CTR) ≤ 3%.
 Crack sensitivity ratio (CSR) ≤ 0.5%.

Diciembre 2019 Page 21 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

g) For plate "HIC resistant", a metallographic test in the direction of plastic

deformation (lamination) shall be carried out, to verify the specified
requirements of grain size, inclusions level and banding index (Ω 12 ). The
certificates of this test and metallographs (photographs) shall be submitted
together with the material certificates.
h) Material manufacturer or supplier shall submit an MTC type certificate that
demonstrates plates were manufactured, tested and inspected according to the
above specifications.

4. Valves, pipes, fittings and flanges in wet H 2 S and lethal service shall comply with the
following requirements:
a) All the above recommendations related to materials in wet H 2 S service shall be
fulfilled.
b) Seamless product shall comply with sulphur level less than 0.01% mass fraction.
c) Forgings product shall comply with sulphur level less than 0.025% mass fraction.

Diciembre 2019 Page 22 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

V. MANDATORY CODES AND STANDARDS

This section specifies the standards and codes that shall be adhered to when designing
and specifying the piping and mechanical equipment of the Project.

The design to be performed by Contractor shall comply with the following codes and
standards:

Code Description

ANSI B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.

ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay).
ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process Piping. ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31.
ANSI/ASME BPVC-I Power Boilers.
ANSI/ASME BPVC-IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications.
ANSI/ASME BPVC-V Non-Destructive Examination.
ANSI/ASME BPVC-VIII-1 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels, Division 1.
ANSI/AWWA C205-85 AWWA Standard for Cement-Mortar Protective Lining and
Coating for Steel Water Pipe.
API 520
API 521
API 526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves.
API 527 Seat Tightness of Pressure Relief Valves.
API 610 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and Natural
Gas Industries.
API 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical,
and Gas Industry Services.
API 612 Special Purpose Steam Turbines Refinery Services.
API 613 Special Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas
Industry Services.
API 614 Lubrication, shaft-Sealing, and Control Oil System for Special
Purpose Applications.
API 617 Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander-
compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry
Services Downstream Segment.
API 618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and
Gas Industry Services.
API 675 Positive Displacement Pumps-Controlled Volume, Last
Edition
API 677 General Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum, Chemical, and
Gas Industry Services.
API 682 Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary

Diciembre 2019 Page 23 of 24 Revision 0

 Piping and Mechanical Equipment Specification Appendix II.8

Pumps.
API RP520 Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving
Devices in Refineries.
API RP521 Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems.
API RP550 Manual on Installation of Refinery Instruments and Control
Systems.
API RP941
API RP945 Avoiding Environmental Cracking in Amine Units.
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers Codes.
ASME 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS, 26 through NPS 60.
ASME B16.20 Metallic Gasket for Pipe Flanges: Ring Joint Spiral Wound
and Jacketed.
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials.
ASTM A240 Standard Specification for Heat Resisting Chromium and
Chromium-nickel Stainless Steel Plates, Sheet and Strip for
Pressure vessels.
ASTM A36 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel.
ASTM A992 Structural shapes for Use in Building Frames.
AWS American Welding Society.
NACE MR0103 Materials Resistant to Sulphide Stress Cracking in Corrosive
Petroleum Refining Environments.
NACE RP0169 Recommended Practice, Control of External Corrosion on
Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.
NACE RP0403 Avoiding Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel
Refinery Equipment and Piping.
NACE RP0472 Methods and Controls to Prevent In-Service Environmental
Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments in Corrosive Petroleum
Environments.
NACE TM0177 Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to Specifics
Forms of Environmental Cracking in H 2 S Environments.
NACE TM284 Evaluation of Pipeline and Pressure Vessel Steels for
Resistance to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking.
NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire
Protection.
NFPA 24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains
and Their Appurtenances.
PFI Pipe Fabrication Institute.
SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council Specifications.
TEMA Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association.

The latest issue and addenda in effect on the date of official Project commencement shall
apply for Contract purposes.

Diciembre 2019 Page 24 of 24 Revision 0