TENSES IN ENGLISH

PART 1

Erna Dyah Kusumawati

FH UNS
2021
Tenses

 The way how we talk about times in English

 Times?
 There are different methods (by using different tenses) to express about those times
 Why the use of tenses is important in English
Tenses in English

Basic Present Simple Present Continuous

I study I am studying
Past Simple Past Continuous
I studied I was studying
Future Simple Future Continuous
I will study I will be studying

Advanced Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous

I have studied I have been studying
Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
I had studied I had been studying
Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous
I will have studied I will have been studying
Types of tenses for today

 4 basic tenses
 Present simple tense
 Present continuous tense
 Past simple tense
 Future simple tense
Present
Frequency : never, rarely, sometimes, often, always
More examples:

They open their law office every Monday & Friday

Law is a noble profession
The judge attends trial session every morning

Sentence transformation (interrogative & negative), examples :

Does the judge attend trial………………..
The judge does not attend trial ……………..
Changes type of sentences

Positive Negative Question

I/ You/ They work I / You/They do not work ?

He/She/It works ? ?

Question words: where, what, how, etc. Put in the front of the basic sentences.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Common mistakes

TENSE I am living in Solo

VERB FORM We likes to drink coffee at Starbucks
They does not eat meat
Does you work at the city library?
SPELLINGS She trys to study hard for the final exam
MISSING WORD What time you go to work?
Present continuous
 How we use this tense?

Now My sister is cooking

Around now - B I am working on a project
Temporary - B We are visiting a friend in Bali
Trend – B The Covid-19 infection rate is increasing
Repeated action - Adv They are always complaining (negative)
Future - Adv I am flying to Amsterdam next month.

 When not to use this tense?

 Permanent condition
 Stative (shows state /condition) verbs = like, have, need, understand)
Sentence Pattern

Subject To Be Verb + ing

She is working
You are dancing

Positive Negative Question

I am working I am not working ?
You/we/they are dancing You are not dancing ?
He/she is teaching ? ?
It is raining ? ?
Common mistakes

Missing To Be My sister singing in an opera

Maya not going
He leaving?
Incorrect to be Andi and Nano is the two best students in this
class.
Incorrect verb He is not submit his assignment.

The game is start now

Spelling She is lieing/writeing/siting
Stative I am wanting to visit Peru
Permanent We are producing instant noodles
PAST SIMPLE TENSE
Past Simple

 Describe something that happened in the past

 Verb + ed / d / ied / double last letter (regular)

 Pay attention to Regular and Irregular verbs
When we use?

With time expression Raisa went to a concert last week

Without time expresion Itok bought a romance novel
Recent past We visited our grandparents yesterday
Distance Past I studied in the UK a long time ago (10 years
ago)
One action She washed her laundry last night.
Many actions She washed her laundry, and ironed all oof her
laundry.
Types of sentences

Positive Negative Question

I worked I did not work ?
You worked ? ?
She sent a complain letter to ? ?
the Academic Board

Question words: Where/when/Why

Common mistakes

Tense I transfer the money yesterday

Verb Form She writed a report to her manager
He did not bought a gift for her girlfriend
birthday
Did you had breakfast?
Spelling He stoped running
Helping verb You sleep well last night?
He speak to the headmaster?
FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
When and how we use Simple Future
How we change the sentence

 He will work
 They will invite their close friends from abroad to attend the wedding.
 Negative?
 Question?
What Next ?
Assignment:
In the discussion forum please write two
paragraphs containing:
Why do you study law?
What are your plans after you finish
law school?
How do you prepare yourself for tour
plans at this moment?
Deadline: Saturday, the 6th at 12 pm.
NEXT WEEK
Please study the more advance tenses
a. Past continuous, future continuous,
b. Present perfect, past perfect and future perfect tense
c. Present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous,
and future perfect continuous!
Assignment :
1. Search for an article in the Jakarta post / academic
journals / novel,
2. Search and highlight sentences using the above
mentioned tenses.
3. Rewrite the sentences and categorise type of tenses
you find in the article on a piece of paper
4. Then scan both the original document and your
writing, and attach them in the SPADA assignment.
5. The deadline will be on Saturday, 13th at 12.00pm.