(AICTE approved and Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

Virudhunagar – 626 001.

STUDENT PROJECT PROPOSAL

Name of the Student (s) K.Sudharsan

1.
L.Suriyaprasath
e-Mail ID sudharsanks46@gmail.com
2. Name of the Guide Mr.S.Jegan
Designation Assistant Professor/EEE.

Institutional Address Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology,

Virudhunagar – 626 001.
Phone No. & Mobile No. 04549 278171 & +91 9003930066
3. Project Title Ball Machine
Sector in which your
4. Project proposal is to be Engineering
Considered
5. Project Details ANNEXURE – I
Has a similar project been
carried out in your
college / elsewhere? If so
furnish details of the
6. No
previous
project and highlight the
improvements suggested in
the present one

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that M.Pravin, A.G.Akash, S.Nithish and S.Kabilan is a bonafide final year student of
U.G. Engineering courses of our college and it is also certified that two copies of utilization certificate
and final report along with seminar paper will be sent to the Council after completion of the project by
the end of April 2021.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

 PROJECT DETAILS:

ABSTRACT:

Science is basically passive observation of the universe as it exists

to generate knowledge and Engineering is making use of that.
Engineers always look upon the problem from technical point of view.
An engineering project is balanced cocktail of the practical aspect of the
humanity and economics. New ideas and inventions are the part of
engineer’s life. Ball pitching devices have been used in sport practice
from many years. The aim of this project is to design a cheapest ball
pitching system ever to throw the balls automatically at different
suitable adjustable speeds for the cricket practice. Typically balls are
thrown from a device using motors ,discs and swing can also be set by
the operator. The report shows all the design criteria (including
mechanical and electronical aspects) to develop a professional cricket-
pitching machine.
Keywords:

 Battery Balancing.
 E-Vehicle.
 Mismatch level of SoC.
 Active Balancing Technique.

OBJECTIVE:

 The main objective of the proposed product is to charge the battery with
null loss.
 Balance all the cells in the battery bank equally.
 Charge the battery bank in quick time.
 Enhance the overall performance of BMS.
INTRODUCTION:

INTERNATIONAL STATUS:

The equalization of the battery bank with the help of additional redundant battery
and switching circuits. The energy transfer between the redundant batteries to the
battery bank equalize the SoC level of the battery cells. This method has very complex
circuits and it has very difficult operations with the redundant battery [1]. Constant
multi stage current charging strategy [2], [3] and constant voltage charging strategies [4]
are implemented to charge the battery as much as faster. This will leads to more amount
of energy loss during charging. Battery Swapping techniques are implemented to
equalize the charging levels in the battery bank [5]. The state of charge estimation is
done with the help of Short Term Memory Network [6] and combined CNN-LSTM
technique [7], [8], [9]. Reconfiguration of the battery cells within the battery bank
technique [10] has implemented to reduce the mismatch level of SoC in the battery
bank. This method is subjected under more amount of line losses.

NATIONAL STATUS:

The battery Balancing Technique is also done with the buck converter during charging
and discharging operations [12].

BLOCK DIAGRAM:
PROPOSED CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
WORKING METHODOLOGY FLOW DIAGRAM:

DESCRIPTION:
 The circuit diagram shows the proposed technique to balance the battery cells in
the battery bank. This product will work in the two modes of operation which are
conventional charging mode and proposed balancing mode. During the conventional
mode, all the battery cells are connected in series mode and charge conventionally.
During the balancing mode of operation, all the batteries are connected in parallel mode.
After the discharging mode, all the batteries are having different mismatch level of SoC
and different voltage levels. Hence all the batteries are connected in parallel. Therefore
the battery having the maximum voltage will share their charges to the battery which are
having minimum SoC. This balancing mode of operation is taken at the time of rest
position of E-Vehicle. MOSFET series switches are used for the switching operations.
Arduino controller is used to generate the gating pulses for the MOSFET switches.
MCT2E opto coupler IC is used to amplify the gating signals. Voltage sensors are used
to measure the voltage level in the battery bank as well as battery cells. If the voltage
levels are equal then all the battery cells are connected in series. If the voltage level is
equal then the level of charge is also equal therefore both are directly proportionate.

EXPECTED OUTCOMES:

 Efficient Battery Management System (BMS).

 Charge the battery without energy loss.
 Decreasing the charging time when compared to conventional charging.
 Increase the lifetime of the battery.
 Avoid battery accidents in E-Vehicle.
 Cost effective product.
 Applicable for both normal and hybrid E-Vehicle.
 Applicable for all types of batteries like Lithium Ion, Lead Acid battery and etc.
…..

WORK PLAN:

Work/Month February March April

 Framework
////////////////////
Designing
Material
////////////////////
Purchasing
MATLAB
/////////////////// ////////////////////
simulation
Hardware
/////////////////////
implementation

Field Testing //////////////////// /////////////////////

BUDGET:

Price Per
Amount
S.No Equipment’s Required Quantity Quantity
(Rs.)
(Rs.)
1. Lithium Ion Battery 4
2. MOSFET 8
3. Voltage Sensor 5
4. Arduino UNO 1
5. MCT2E IC 8
6. 12V DC Supply 8
7. Others -
Total Amount Rs.

Total amount= Rs.

REFERENCE:

 I. L. Justham and A. West, “Design and development of a novel,integrated

bowling machine for cricket”, Proc. IMechE Part P: J. Sports Engineering and
 Technology, vol. 223, pp. 125-137,June 2009.

 II. Abhijit Mahapatra, Avik Chatterjee

and ShibenduShekhar Roy’ “Modeling and simulation of a ball throwing machine”,
14th National
Conference on Machines and
Mechanisms (NaCoMM09), NIT,
Durgapur, India, pp. 416-422, December 17-18, 2009.

 III. K.Mahadevan&K.BalaveeraReddy,
”Design Data Hand Book In SI & Metric Units”–Third Edition– CBS Publishers.
 IV. S SBhavikatti, “Strength of
materials”, Third edition, 2008,
Vikas Publishing house.V. S.S. Roy, S. Karmakar, N.P. Mukherjee, U. Nandy
and Uma Datta, “Design and development of indigenous cricket bowling
machine”, Journal of
10