LECTURE LANGUAGE

To signal the topic:

+ Our topic today is + We’ll be talking about

+ What I want to talk about today is + Let’s go back to our discussion of

+ Let’s continue our discussion of

To signal the big picture

+ First, we’ll look at … and then we’ll move on to look at

+ I’m going to cover … and then

+ We’ll discuss several reasons for …

To introduce a new point

+ Now + Let’s start with

+ First, … Next, … In addition, … Finally, …

To give an example

+ Let’s me give you an example of this + One example is

+ For example/instance +Let’s look at an example

+ Let’s take … as an example + To illustrate/ This is illustrated

To introduce a definition

+ What is X? + X means…

+ How do we define the term X + By X I mean

+ X is the term for + What I mean when I say X is …

+ In other words,

To emphasize a point

+ In fact, + It’s clear that..

+ To highlight what I’ve just said + I want to stress/emphasize/point

out that …
 + It’s important to understand + the fundamental point is …

+Here’s the bottom line + Pay attention to this

To signal the end of an idea and the beginning of a new idea

+ Now we’ve talked about … Let’s move on to

+ That’s enough about … Let’s go to the next part

To introduce a theory

+ It’s very probable that + It’s likely that

+ It makes sense that + We assume that

SYMBOLS & ABBREVIATIONS

Symbol Meaning Example

w/ with A war was fought w/ NATO

w/o without They fought w/o fear

w/i / w/ within There are problems w/i the company

i.e. that is, in other words A Siamese, i.e. a cat, is a fun cat.

e.g. for example Professionals, e.g. doctors and

lawyers met here.

etc. et cetera, so forth Cats, dogs, etc., make good pets.

b/c because We pay taxes b/c it’s the law.

b/4 before Chicken b/4 eggs?

b/w between b/w 15 & 30 kgs

re: regarding, about I need to see you re: the sales figures.

esp. especially Tobacco, esp. cigarettes, causes can cancer.

min. minimum The min. is $400.

max. maximum The max. number of people in an elevator is

10.
gov’t. government The gov’t helped the people.

ASAP as soon as possible Finish your exam ASAP.

wrt. write wrt #3

rt right rt side

yr/yrs year/years She’s 5 yrs old.

c. circa, about This picture is c. 1900.

around, from the year

vs versus, as opposed to Purple vs green

ch chapter Read ch 8.

Q question Q: What is that?

A answer A: I don’t know!

ex example Look at ex 4.

wd/wds word/words 25 vocabulary wds

ref reference ref required

diff difference What is the diff?

sth something sth happened.

cf. compare cf. original text.

Co. company The firm of Smith & Co.

comm.. communication Refer comm. Department

prof. professor prof. Wilson

info. information info. society

 leads to, produces, causes, makes Practice  improvement

 comes from, is the result of Success  determination

 increased, increasing, goes up, rises Taxes 200% last year.
 decreases, decreasing, lowering Salaries  this year.

& and coffee & cream

@ at I’ll be home @ 4:00.

/ per 17 miles/gallon

p/pp page/pages Read p. 89

¶ paragraph Rewrite ¶ # 4

§ section Read § 7 again

∴ therefore I think ∴ I am

♂ male, man ♂=♀

♀ female, woman ♀= ♂

∆ change big ∆

K thousand 10 K

G8 great G8 talent

K9 canine K9 cops

AXN Action AXN channel

BCE Before common era = BC 500 BCE

Intl International Intl relations

Average ave ave rate

Glob global glob warming

Def definition by def

MATH SYMBOLS

+ plus, in addition, and, also He rides a bike + he skates.

- minus - 28 ◦ C

= equal to, is Seoul = largest city in Korea.

≠ not equal, is not results ≠ data

~ about, approximately He’s ~ 17 yrs old.

ft/ foot, feet He’s 6 ft tall.

‘/ “ feet/ inches She’s 5’2”.

X times 5 X the diameter of the earth.

> greater than 6>2

< less than My salary is < yours.

$ money, cost, price He left his $ at home.

% percent 12% of the employees came.

#/#s/no/nos number/numbers Please answer # 7.

ht height ht 5’3

wt weight wt 150

2 to Time 2 go!

2 people

Me 2

4 for, four English 4 Today