Electronic Transaction Proclamation No. 1205 2020

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I

FEDERAL NEGARIT GAZETTE
OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
~ [\[ 6D -." x 26th Year No. 57

A [ A% P G< 1051 6.! I

ADDIS ABABA 30th June, 2020
!" # $%&
'() Content
A+, -." /0123/1051 6.! Proclamation No.1205/2020
89:;
<=>< A+, …@A 51032B/ Electronic Transaction Proclamation…..Page 12,581
A+, -." /0123/

/0123/1051 PROCLAMATION No. 1205/2020
89:;
<=><<

<=><< CD <@E A+, PROCLAMATION TO PROVIDE FOR
ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS
FG< EI J!KL"< 'EN FO WHEREAS, it is necessary to provide

PQ T < U$GV WFP equal treatment to users of paper and computer-
XY < EZ [IE\] E< ^_! ` a based information; thereby creating a more secure
E \",b I D<Ecd e 89:; legal environment, which enables and facilitates the

<=>< E< $GV U[ I fW< use of electronic transactions by citizens and private
entities, and public bodies;
Ug. A[''h E 'EGX DX$"
'[iCO]
89:; <E\< .j! f '+ WHEREAS, using electronic commerce

@ A'
kl << [CUPma ^W! ` positively affects market opportunities, thereby
IJTU( ([. E< n '\FE I empowering citizens to be included in the economy,
od pD<< E<\GG [CU[ ] and also enable Ethiopia to be part of the digital era;
89:; D<Ec A@EY< WHEREAS, deploying electronic

c
f '+ Fq( (rd'a $&I government service in support of good governance
is essential for building effective, accountable and
_s< Gt D<Ecd e < D@<%
inclusive institutions at all levels;
D! A[u "< C'[i< $vU [Cw]
I

NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with
@ D<Ec A<GA x3 (/) D{F Article 55(1) of the Constitution of the Federal
UNC( d(|} Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it is hereby
proclaimed as follows:
ÃNÇ êU nU¶T Uz¤È ±.œ.q.Ü *¹þ1

Unit Price Negarit G. P.O.Box 80001
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X A<\ PART ONE

$j \< GENERAL
/. A" "E[ 1. Short Title
fW A+, “89:;
<=>< A+, This Proclamation may be cited as the
-." /0123/1051” Y $G[ f } “Electronic Transaction Proclamation No.
1205/2020”.
1. "S 2. Definition
vs A@% 9 "O! UP$( w In this Proclamation, unless the context requires
[G" ^W A+, ([.- otherwise,:
// "DE G%f" 'C D 1/ “addressee” means the person determined

A@I < gf!" DEn< E< G by the originator to receive the
AD<( P P( (] communication but does not include an
intermediary;
1/ “QS<” A<\ !\ U " 2/ “Domain” means the part of a network
A A
DC [! (] address that identifies it as belonging to a
particular domain.
/ “J!KL" J\” 'C A<\ J!KL" 3/ “computer Code” = a set of instructions or

c"6 E%< A< NI(< f! commands expressed in words, codes or
dP(< (r E< [@h U[ schemes which are capable of causing a
v] J\ f! p U@C computer system to perform or achieve a
DD f! E= [[ (] particular task or result;
/ “"[ J\” 'C A_X GD$ P( 4/ Source code is a computer code in the form
U '>< % of text used to express instructions at a
GF J!KL" J\ f! high-level that is human readable and note
yet converted to a machine readable format
:E
! 'C (]
3/ “O J\” 'C !< J\< 5/ Object code is a computer code which is the
E6 CD(P\ EI AGI% output from a compiler that has compiled
D$G! '>< % GF said source code.
J!KL" J\ 'C (]
/ “A`!” 'C [ GD" w< [ 6/ Algorithm : A rule or procedure for solving a
GD" 'C A<\< E" CDXd problem.
!<NC( j !N (]
/ “%Cc<” 'C I JV;>< 7/ “Authority” means the Ethiopian

%Cc< (] Communication Authority;
/ “JV;><” 'C ( AG

FI 8/ “communication” means any command
AG%< !: P N89:; ,notice or request or similar messages

<=>< " p U[( including an offer and the acceptance of an
f! C(g UD" ( E=¡ a offer that a person is required to make or
'[$<G& a .¢ a f! DP chooses to make in connection with an
electronic transaction;
DEb I(]
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£/ “JV;>< " A@EYb ” 'C 9/ “communication network services” means

JV;>< D[D: < 'jFa provision of connections, the operation of
CJV;>< c"6 U(s E6b < facilities for communication systems, the
'<GgG[a JV;>< c"6b <
> provision of access to communication
'\FEa @f C( DuF f! systems, transmission or routing of data
messages between or among points
DC¤ .¥ DN I<R"S><
specified by a user and the processing and
'[CXa ud D<<I 'N' (]
storage of data;
5/ “ud DE” 'C 89:;a 10/ “data message” means information
'Eda O¦ f! 9 generated, sent, received or stored by
Dggf D<@\ Da Na FP electronic, magnetic, optical or other similar
f! N' I<R"S>< (] means ;
5// “89:;” 'C N§TYo A<¨" 11/ “electronic” means the technology of
89a 'Eda O¦ f! utilizing electrical, magnetic, optical,
9 Dggf Aj! C( D$GU electromagnetic, or similar capacities
D<@\ (] regardless of the medium;
51/ “89:; <E\” 'C I<"< 12/ “electronic commerce” means transaction
f! 9Y DFq DF< D$G! of goods and services through the Internet
U FE ©Gª I A@EYb Ef or other information networks;
f! ((. (]
5/ "89:; <E\ A<Ggv>" 'C 13/ “electronic commerce operator” means a
I<" f! 9 DFq DF person that engages in the business activities
A'h ©Gª < D©. f! of selling commodities or providing services
A@EYb < 'jF <E\ c
f through the Internet or other information
P'
P( (] network;
5/ "89:; <E\ R"! A<Ggv>" 14/ “electronic commerce platform operator”
'C 89:; <E\ _CI N^ means legal entities who, in electronic
f w« P
g( <E\ c
commerce, provide two or multiple parties
C'¬\ E< s G.d
> w« with online sites for business operations,
\F@ < UG"a UG
"a match-making, information release and
I<R"S>< UCjI 9Y A@EYb < other services, for the latter to carry out
trading activities independently;
UP. \", (]
53/ "89:; P\" 'C 89:; 15/ “electronic document” means document,
j"A C P\a D@a I<R"S><a record, information, communication or
JV;>< f!
<=>< (] transaction in electronic form;
5/ "89:; DE" 'C 89:; 16/ “electronic message” means information
D<@\ f! 9Y Dggf p and electronic document created, sent,
A'h Da Na FP f! received, or stored by electronic means or
N' I<R"S>< (] any other similar means;
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5/ "89:; D@" 'C 89:; 17/ “electronic record” means a written
D<@\ Da N'a FP f! document, or other record generated, stored,
P
A®X P\ f! D@ received, or communicated by electronic
(] means;
5/ "89:; ¤"'" 'C N89:;[ 18/ “electronic signature” means information
DE " p i
U(< in electronic form in, affixed to or logically
CDCI 89:; DEn ([. associated with, an electronic message,
( I<R"S>< i
U( ¯ G which may be used to identify the signatory
in relation to the data message and to
f! G%f @° Dw«< C'DN
indicate the signatory’s approval of the
.j! f U( 89:; DE
information contained in the data message;
([. Ca 89:; DEn f
C$i f! N89:; DEn
" !<d w A±²< ³
°
89:; D C I<R"S>< (]
5£/ "89:;
<=><" 'C <Ggv> 19/ “electronic transaction” means the
[< DF mediated networks including mobile phones
c
< 'NI< w<a 89:; and other devices, and shall include, but is
<E\<I 89:; D<Ec not limited to, electronic commerce and
electronic government services;
A@EY< f!
]
/ "Q I¦ QSf< [! ¥d" 'C 20/ ".et domain name space" means .et Country
Af8[O 3166-1 6C!AGX Fq Code Top Level Domain which is the top
F@( ! % D{F I<" level of the Internet domain name system
c"6 NX Fq w( %C_C assigned according to the two-letter codes in
the International Standard ISO 3166-1 to
¤ JQ D{F CI Cfb
Ethiopia;
P$ Q I¦ A@" DC NX
Fq QSf< (]
// “I<R"S><” 'C A_X<a DE<a 21/ “information” shall include text, message,
ud<a \!A<a ud e<a ¸ <a data, voice, sound, database, video, signals,
!b <a X¹"<a J!KL" software, computer programs, including
:E
<a O J\< c"6" 'C I<R"S>< 22/ “information system” means a system for
UDa UaUGa UN' a generating, sending, receiving, storing or
f! 9 D<@\ U< c"6 otherwise processing information;
(]
/ "D A@Ih" 'C A<\< P( 23/ “intermediary” means a person, who, on
DN 89:; DE< Ua behalf of another person, sends, receives or
UGa UN' a f! N89:; stores such an electronic message or
DE " º ( 9Y provides other services with respect to that
A@EYb < UG" P( (] electronic message;
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/ "DNC R"! A<Ggv>" 'C 24/ “intra-platform operator” means an entity
89:; <E\ R"! A'h which aggregates electronic commerce
©Gª < U©» f! A@EYb < operators that sell commodities or provide
UG"¼ 89:; <E\ A<Ggv½ < services through an electronic commerce
C 'EGX A
,b Uf \", platform in different categories;
(]
3/ "U;[§"" f! ‘’U;["’’ 'C 25/ “Ministry” or “Minister” means the
E< j ! Ns ITÀ><I §TYo Ministry or the Minister of Innovation and
U;[§" f! U;[" (] Technology; respectively;
/ "AD<" 'C

Á f! Âs 26/ “originator” means a person by whom, or on
A'h 89:; DE N whose behalf, the electronic message has
f! E<uE%¼ N'N'n ¤ D been sent or generated prior to storage, if
w<a 89:; DEn Ã s any, but it does not include a person acting
D A@I < Af!"!] as an intermediary with respect to that
electronic message;
/ "!@%" 'C QSf< [! !@% 27/ “registry” means a system for registering
A@EY Aj
T < and for storing and retrieving other
C'N'I D c
f C'+ information relating to domain names;
U[ c"6 (]
/ " W< c"6" 'C 28/ “security procedure” means a procedure for
the purpose of :
Ä) 89:; DE f! a) verifying that an electronic message or

89:; ¤"' A<\ P electronic signature is that of a specific
P( Dw«< 'F@.a f! person; or
C) 89:; DEb P
Å b) detecting an error or alteration in the
fpd( f! ! d( f communication, content or storage of
UdL E\ib I C(ª < A`! an electronic message from a specific
EI JQ < D$G!a vb < f! period of time, which requires the use
-.: < DCa DD[$ f! of algorithms or codes, identifying
d- Æ b <I DP Dg < words or numbers, encryption or known
D$G! DEb < C procedures and similar devices for
UFE. c"6 (] originality of messages;
£/ "i
U" 'C ¤"' DX$ ud pa 29/ “signatory” means a person who holds
EI
Á f! 9(< P( Y signature creation data and who acts either
U{
P( (] on his own behalf or on behalf of the person
he represents;
Ç/ "P(" 'C i.: P( f! E 30/ person” means a physical or legal person;
P( D P$( A (]
Ç// '<(! <\ d @C¯( \< 31/ Any expression in the masculine gender
È<! f!
} includes the feminine.
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. A+É iÜ P< 3. Scope of Application
// fW A+,Ê 1/ This Proclamation shall apply:
Ä) C A@EY D[$ c<I a) on institutions of the Federal and

E%" %(
EI Regional Governments, and the City
D<EcdaA [ A% EI \Ëu+ Administration of Addis Ababa and
Diredawa which have the power and
N A[u " e' f EI]
function to provide services to the
E< ^_!
public, and
C) 89:; <E\a 89:; b) electronic commerce, electronic

D<Ec A@EYa 89:; government service, electronic
DEb a Q I¦ QSf< [! messages, <.et> domain name
A[u "a EI 9Y =', administration and related subjects.
Ou f]
iÜ (}
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) @@( 2/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this
E< $G wT fW A+,Ê Article this Proclamation shall not apply to
any law requiring writing or signatures for
the following matters:
Ä) lI XÍ< !: NE _d " a) transactions and matters related to

N=DÎ Ou ] personal status such as marriage and
divorce;
C) N«= D[$a N«= R" a «=< b) transactions related to the making,
ND"a EI N("[ Ai¨¯! " execution or revocation of a will or
=DÎ Ou ] testamentary instrument;
) NX"\ # E=¡ a D. a c) court procedures, judicial summons,

"
I DÏ E=¡ EI 9Y search orders, arrest orders and judicial
DP (g ] decrees;
D) 'f<GgG[ <F< N'[CCX d) transactions related to the transfer of any

" =DÎ Ou ] EI interest in immovable property; and
{) NW (I Ou ] e) the creation, performance or enforcement

of power of attorney.
" p A_X< f! E, ¤"'<
E< Ed U[Î 'I(! ` f
iÜ Afw<!}
. 89:;
<=>< A[@u, ACDw« 4. Use not Mandatory
'<(! P( iv hn< E[P$ \F[ Nothing shall make it mandatory for a person to
'<(! <E\ E<j[vÈ f! ND<Ec use, provide or accept any electronic message in
e' " %C( E<Ð 89:; any commercial transaction or dealings with
DE< E< $G!a E< G" f! government bodies unless the person consents to
E< G Af@ \!} the using, providing or accepting of the
electronic message.
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3. ³ e Ñ¤I E%" 5. Regulatory Authorities and their Powers and
Functions
// U;[§ fW< A+, fiA'][iA'] 1/ The Ministry shall execute, and cause to be
executed this Proclamation; it shall also
CA+É iÜ 9Y D<Ecd EI
coordinate and lead government and private
E e < [%
a fD
} entities for the implementation of this
Proclamation.
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) c" 2/ In performing the powers and functions
@O E%: < EI Ñ¤b < stipulated under Sub-Article (1) of this
CDi¯! U;[§Ê Article, the Ministry shall in particular issue
directives on the following:
Ä) I<R"S>< §TYo v a) information technology standards;

Fq <]
C) 89:; DE JV;><<] b) communication of electronic messages;
) D A@I $& @ <] c) limitations on the liabilities of

intermediaries;
D) ©'Ò D .v<] d) consumer protection;
{) 89:; D<Ec A@EYb ] e) electronic government services;
F)
89:; ` f) federal electronic register of laws;
D@<]
P) 89:; DE AD
" EI g) management and maintenance of the
A$%j] electronic message;
©) ud< J!K(" '[@%I h) methods relating to data entry and

89:; DE< 'F@) verification of the electronic message;
p <] E< ^_! and
G) E<u[iÓn Ó( UP« i) any other matters as may be required

9Y Ou Ã] from time to time.
DD < }
/ I JV;>< %Cc< ^W 3/ Ethiopian Communication Authority shall

A+,I ^W A+, D{F U» have the powers and functions, as per the
<¥ I 9Y ` D{F Q I¦ pertinent parts of this Proclamation,
QSf< [! ¥d< D!
I regulations thereto, and any other law, to
'[u " c domain
name space.
. Ô
od IJTU (<[ Dee! 6. Establishment of the National Digital
Economy Council
// ^W A+, Ô

od IJTU 1/ The National Digital Economy Council is
!" # e-Õ} hereby established by this Proclamation.
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1/ !" #n A% U;[< !: 2/ Members of the Council including the

$jf U;[ fP's] -.
(! Minister shall be appointed by the Prime
E<u[iÓn fPI} Minister and their number shall be
determined as necessary
/ !" #n Pg $jf U;[ 3/ The chair of the Council shall be assigned
fP'] U;[ !" #n< AWi by the Prime minister; The ministry shall
# ([»
q organize the office of the council..
/ (<[s 89:; Ef EI 4/ The Council shall advice the government

89:; D<Ec A@EYb < on, including electronic commerce and
!: od IJTU Ã electronic government service, the Digital
D<Ec< ''N" UI AC(} Economy.
3/ (<[s AE% ( NCL 5/ The Council may establish different

D<Ec e' (» c
working groups with members drawn from
¼\T ee! f } relevant government institutions.
X _C PART TWO

89:; DEb ELECTRONIC MESSAGES
<U[ X A<\ SUB-SECTION ONE

D[i"b LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
. (r 7. Legal Outcome
// I<R"S>< 89:; DE fp 1/ Information shall not be denied legal effect
DjF¼ (r E<ufTF( solely on the ground that it is in the form of
A "E!} an electronic message.
1/ I<R"S>< 89:; DE ([. 2/ Information shall not be denied legal effect
b ACDjF¼I (r solely on the grounds that it is not contained
E< TF( % F@( ^W DE ([. in the electronic message that gives rise to
D$GÁ I<R"S>« CNC P( such legal effect, but is merely referred to in

> Dw< U Nw (r that electronic message, provided that the
information being referred to is accessible to
E<ufTF( A "E!}
the person against whom the referred
information might be used.
. A_ X 8. Writing
'<(! I<R"S>< A_X E< G" Where the law requires information to be in
E Ed NC fW I<R"S>< writing, that requirement is met by an electronic
89:; D NGF f! NGD$a message if the information contained therein is

> Nwa EI Gf C'DgN rendered or made available in an electronic
D+ U Nw I<R"S>«< AG
F form; is accessible; and is capable of being
retained for subsequent references.
A[Db $G( j\D _d E<
Õ f³$
}
51032B£
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£. ¤"' 9. Signature
// '<(! P\ ¤"' E< "X E 1/ Where the signature of a person is required
Ed NC EI ( ¤"' G%f by law and such law does not specify the
E<uC( O @C¯a 89:;[ type of signature, that requirement in
GF( ¤"' E $GP( j\D relation to an electronic message is met only
_d E< Õ U³$F(Ê if:
Ä) ECP¼< '< CDC EI a) a method is used to identify that person

89:; DEn ([. and to indicate that person’s approval of
the information contained in the
( I<R"S>< ECP¼ electronic message; and
¯ G Dw«< UD p .j!
f N+C] EI
C) p( [!!< !: s 9Y b) that method is as reliable as was

_d < E! ([. '[@% appropriate for the purpose for which
the electronic message was generated or
89:; DEn CD
communicated, in the light of all the
f! CP
6' A[''hI circumstances, including any relevant
['U wT NGF] agreement.
l (}
1/ 89:; ¤"' A[''h ( 2/ An electronic signature shall be considered

U%C(Ê reliable if:
Ä) .j! f +C AE%a a) the means of creating the electronic

89:; ¤"' DX$ pÖ signature is, within the context in which
N9Y P " gfw< Ni
U( it is used, linked to the signatory and
" ³
° Nw] not any other person;
C) ¤"'( UiF! ja b) the means of creating the electronic
89:; ¤"' DX$ pÖ signature was, at the time of signing,
9 '<(! P( c" gfw< under the control of the signatory and

Á i
U( -.." c" a not any other person and was done
EI NEu,I [iÓ AET ¨ wT without duress and undue influence;
iFD Nw] EI and
) 89:; ¤"'( NiFD ² c) any alteration made to the electronic

F@ '<(! C(. f! signature after signing is detectable.
' Gs F[ U Nw]
l (}
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (1) @@( 3/ Sub-Article (2) of this Article does not limit
T"! A<\< P( 89:; ¤"'< the right of a person to prove the
C f! C ACDw< authenticity of an electronic signature in any
'<(! D<@\ 'F@. fla other lawful way;
/ '<(! 89:;
<=>< 4/ The Electronic Signature Proclamation shall
¤"'< A[Db ^W A+, %©i« apply to any signature in any electronic
Ou 89:; ¤"' A+, iÜ transaction which is not covered by this
fwI} Proclamation.
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5. 'W! 10. Seal
E P\ f '! E< "X Ed Where a law requires a seal to be affixed to a
NC PÎ 89:; DE j"A document, the requirement of the law is
NGFI 89:; ¤"' D{F od fulfilled, if the document is in the form of an
¤"' Fi E GD$( j\D _d electronic message, by a digital signature as
E< Õ f³$
} provided under the Electronic Signature
Proclamation.
5/.
5/. E'h 11. Witness
E P\ f E' ¤"' E< "X Where a law requires the signature of a witness
Ed NCa PÎ 89:; DE on a document, the requirement of the law is
j"A NGF EI ^W A+, A<GA £ fulfilled, if the document is in the form of an
GD$( Dci" UÕ ![" electronic message, by an electronic signature of
the witness that complies with the requirements
89:; ¤"' Fi E GD$(
of Article 9 of this Proclamation.
j\D _d E< Õ f³$
}
51.
51. +I j,
j, 12. Original Copy
// E I<R"S>< +I j, E< G" 1/ Where a law requires information to be

f! E< GD. Ed NCÊ presented or retained in its original form,
that requirement is met by an electronic
message if:
Ä) I<R"S>« DF(< j"A f¡ a) there exists a reliable assurance as to the

89:; DE f! 9 integrity of the information from the
DZ CDD Ó ND time when it was first generated in its
Ó A<[b CDG< Ugf final form, as an electronic message or
otherwise; and
A[''h +[I C] EI
C) I<R"S>« '<(! iC@ Ó b) if the information can be accessible and

.j! f N'+ A±
>I intelligible so as to be usable at any
U Nw] time as may be required.
89:; DEn fW< j\D-_d

E<uÕ f³$
}
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) ¤

2/ For the purposes of Sub-Article (1)
(Ä) \< 89:; DE paragraph (a) of this Article, integrity must
GF Dw« UDp(Ê be assessed:
Ä) NI<R"S>< JV;><a ! I a) by considering whether the information

'g " p NUD f! has remained complete and unaltered,
NUDÅ C(ª ( I<R"S>« except for the addition of any
!sEI C$ wT D³n< endorsement and any change which
arises in the normal course of
'@Ip]
communication, storage and display;
C) I<R"S>« D 6'< b) in the light of the purpose for which the
DDN] EI information was generated; and
) 9Y AE% ( _d < c) having regard to all other relevant

E! ([. '[@% (} circumstances.
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5.
5. G%f EI '[Fq 13. Admissibility and Evidential Weight
// 89:; DEb '<(! E 1/ In any legal proceedings, electronic

Æ b G%f A(] E< '[Fq! messages shall be accepted and is
@CEs} admissible as evidence.
1/ 89:; DEn '[Fq 2/ In assessing the evidential weight of an

Dp<Ê electronic message, regard shall be placed
on:
Ä) 89:; DEn Da a) the reliability of the manner in which the

N' f! P
AE% electronic message was generated,
A[''h] stored or communicated;
C) 89:; DEn fp gfG" b) the reliability of the manner in which the
³ D<@\ A[''h] integrity of the electronic message was
maintained;
) DEn AD< Cfb dG c) the manner in which its originator was
D<@\] EI identified; and
D) X"\ # AE% A( Y d) any other relevant fact the court may

U[G!( 9Y E(d ] consider relevant.
E! ([. f@%s}
5.
5. '[GD. 14. Retention
// E PQ a DEb EI I<R"S>< 1/ Where a law requires that documents,

E< GD» Ed NC E GD$( messages and information be retained, that
j\D _d E< Õ U³$F(Ê requirement shall be satisfied by an
electronic message provided that if the
following conditions are met:
Ä) 89:; DE ([. U@h a) the information contained in the

I<R"S><
> EI Gf electronic message is accessible and is
C'DgN D+ U Nw] capable of retention for subsequent
reference;
C) 89:; DEn GF¯a b) is retained in the format in which it was

Na FP Ó D generated, sent, received, or in the
F(< fp $³ N³ f! format that can demonstrate that the
DEn fp C$ Dw«< contents were not altered; and
'g Ul Nw] EI
) 89:; DEn ÂI G%f<a c) if the origin and receiver of the electronic
N< f! FP< G<I message, and the date and time when it
P6< 'j U[ Nw (} was sent or received can be determined.
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<G (/) @O 2/ The requirements referred to in Sub-Article
j\D _d Ã [ @T (1) of this Article are satisfied by using the
UP ( A@EYb E< & services of a third party.
f³$
s}
51032×1
https://chilot.me
/ E FG< 'EN FO PQ I 3/ A document, record or information referred

DFq CP« 6Ddb E< ³L to in Sub-Articles (1) and (2) shall be kept
C( Ed <U[ A<GA (/) EI (1) in electronic form for at least the number of
$GÁ PQ a D@¥ I I<R"S>< years a corresponding paper based
f iÜ (} document is required by law to be retained.
/ <U[ A<GA (/) EI (1) D{F PQ a 4/ The obligation to retain documents,
DEb f! I<R"S>< E< GD» messages or information in accordance with
C( Ed DEb < CD f! the provisions of Sub-Articles (1) and (2) of
CDG % l .j! f +s this Article shall not apply to any document
DEb f iÜ Afw<!} the sole purpose of which is to enable the
message to be sent or received.
53.
53. j, EI AØØ
AØØX
ØØX 15. Copy and Prescribed Form
// E PQ NA<\ f w« jo 1/ Where a law requires any document to be
DGD.a DjFa D f! D[$ retained, served, sent or delivered in more
AC%( 'C N @@] PÎ than one copy, the requirement of the law is
89:; DE NGD$a NGFa fulfilled, if the document is in the form of an
NN f! NP$ E GD$( electronic message, by retention, service,
sending or delivery of the document in one
j\D _d E< Õ f³$
}
copy.
1/ E PQ dpp( AØØX E< G"¼ 2/ Where a law requires any document to be in
N @@a 89:; DE w P\ a prescribed form, the requirement of the
E @@(< j\D _d AÕÙ law is fulfilled by a document in the form of
U%C( 89:; DEnÊ an electronic message if the electronic
message is:
Ä) Ndpp( j"A " Dggf f! a) formatted in the same or substantially the
A=( Dggf w DZ same way as the prescribed form;
R"' F@ Nw]
C) Gf C'DgN D+ b) accessible and intelligible so as to be
E<
>I U ] usable for subsequent reference; and
EI
) 9 P( " GD. U Nw c) capable of being retained by the other
(} person.
5.
5. X EI FPh 16. Payment and Receipt
// X E< iÚ! U$fj

<=>< 1/ Where a transaction requires any payment to
X( 89:; D<@\ NiÚDI be made, the requirement of the law is
AE% C( D<Ec e! fulfilled if the payment is made by an
[GD( 9Y j\D _d electronic means and complies with any
NÕs E GD$( j\D _d condition imposed by the relevant
government body. The relevant government
E< Õ f³$
} AE% C(
body may issues implementing directive.
D<E[ e! AiØÚ! DD

1/ E X FPh E< P. Ed U. 2/ Where a law requires the issuance of any
Nw E GD$( Ed E< Õ receipt of payment, the requirement of the
U³$F(Ê law is fulfilled if:
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Ä) FPÐ 89:; DE j"A a) the receipt is in the form of an electronic

p] message;
C) 89:; DEn FG FPh b) the electronic message fulfills all the
fp< UÕ] E< ^_! elements of a paper-based receipt; and
) 89:; DEn Gf c) the electronic message is accessible and

C'DgN D+ E< intelligible so as to be usable for

>I U ] subsequent reference.
Nw (}
5.
5. [C( AD{
F 17. Formation of Contracts
N( AD{
F " p ++f @T In the context of contract formation, unless
N^W v
; ['V [G"] ( otherwise agreed by the parties, an offer, the
AG
Fa ( AG%a ( AG
F G acceptance of an offer, the revocation of an
Dw<a ( AG% G Dw<a f! 9Y offer, the revocation of an acceptance, or any
related communication may be wholly or partly
DFq ((ª Vs f! N¤
expressed by means of electronic message.
89:; D<@\ @CÛ f s}
5.
5. ` < 89:; D<@\ '! 18. Electronic Publication of Laws
E E< d! Ed NC O 89:; Where the law requires that a law shall be
D<@\ NdD E GD$( j\D _d published, the requirement of the law is fulfilled
E< Õ f³$
} if it is published electronically.
<U[ X _C SUB-SECTION TWO

89:;
89:; DE JV;>< COMMUNICATION OF ELECTRONIC
MESSAGES
5£.
5£. 89:; DE !< 19. Origin of Electronic Message
// 89:; DEÊ 1/ An electronic message shall be attributable

to the originator where:
Ä)
Á AD<(] a) it is sent by the originator personally;
C) AD<(< E< c< b) it is sent by a person who is authorized

P$( P(] f! to represent the originator; or
) A(b'¦ c"6n :E

! c) the electronic message is sent through
F@( D{F ACDc
n an automatic system programmed by
the originator or its representative
F@$ [G"] DE
Á
unless it is proved that the automatic
Ó E< "` :E
!
system did not properly execute such
F@ A(b'¦ c"6
programming.
A'f 89:; DEn

Á AD<( f! L
A'f]
N Nw AD<( ( Y

fPu}
51032×
https://chilot.me
1/ 89:; DE G%L DEn 2/ The addressee of an electronic message may

N( NAD<( ( Y E! regard it as being that of the originator
U[ (Ê where:
Ä) DEn NI<R"S>< AD<( a) an agreed procedure has been applied to

N Dw«< Cfb C'j recognize a message from the
U[ [!! FP originator; or
A{
" .j! f N+C] f!
C) DEn NAD<( f! NÂs b) the electronic message comes from the
" C( E<Ð] AD<( actions of a person whose relationship
U( DEb E"Á with the originator or any agent of the
E< w« UgL p < E< @h originator enabled that person to gain
access to a method used by the
DlC P( Ni¯'( E%:
originator to identify electronic
D Nw (}
messages as its own.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (1) $GP( 3/ Notwithstanding Sub-Article (2) of this
T"!] N9Y !<b %@"Ê Article electronic message shall be
considered invalid where. inter alias
Ä) DEn G%f DEn a) the receiver of the message has been

NAD<( N E<uw Ó notified in time by the originator that
E< (j F@a EI DE the message is not his and had
G%L E"!q CDP\ U[ reasonable time to act accordingly; or
& Ó P$( Nw] f!
C) DE G%L @(< .<v¢ b) the addressee knew or had means to

'\FE f! AD<(I E"Á know that the electronic message is not
DN F@( [!! D{F from the originator had he exercised
'F@) p DN] DEn reasonable care or used any
NAD<( E<uw G f! authentication method agreed between
the originator and the addressee.
(j U D<@\ C]
89:; DEn (r

C(!}
/ DE G%L DEn DD( 4/ The addressee has to regard each electronic
DE j, Dw«< G f! (j message received as a separate new
U _d N9C [G"] electronic message and to act on that
E<u<Î< 89:; DE<
Á< assumption, except to the extent that he
lC A [ DE A\"` D-$"I knew or was able to know that the electronic
C^W! Dh w E"!q D(P\ message is a duplicate of the first one.
f@%+}
. DE [CD\FÁ UP. 'F@) 20. Acknowledgement of Receipt
// DE AD<( 89:; 1/ The originator may request the addressee to

DEn< [CDGs 'F@) E< P$( acknowledge receipt of electronic message.
G%L< $fj f } DE Where the originator does not specify a
AD<( 'F@) UP.< R"! particular form, the addressee may apply
Cfb P DE G%LÊ one of the following methods:
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Ä) A(bS\ w f! 9 D<@\ a) any communication by the addressee,

!> D[$] f! automated or otherwise; or
C) 89:; DEn< [CDGs (\b) any conduct of the addressee sufficient

AD<( E< Fu U "E to indicate to the originator that the
'I(! E%"< Di¯! DEn electronic message has been received.
[CD\FÁ FE. f }
1/ DFq AD<( 89:; DEn 2/ Where the originator states that the
(r UTF( NDE G%L electronic message shall be valid on receipt
'F@) P$( E< w @ Nw] of the acknowledgement by the addressee,
G%f DEn [CD\FÁ N( the electronic message is deemed as though
'F@) CAD<( E[NU "P( \F[ it has never been sent until the
DEn E<uN "` f³$
} acknowledgement is received.
/ 'F@)( GD$( Ó @ ([. 3/ Where the acknowledgement has not been
f! F@( [!! D{F received by the originator within the time
CAD<( FPa f! Ó @ specified or agreed or, if no time has been
GD$a f! Ó< A[Db specified or agreed, within a reasonable
FP [!! N9C @ ( Y time, the originator:
U³$" Ó ([. 'F@)( FP]
AD<(Ê
Ä) NG%f DEn< [CDGs a) may inform the addressee that no

UFE. D'D FP( acknowledgement has been received
Dw«< g(G( EI fW< and specify a reasonable time by which
'F@) P G @ ([. it shall be sent; and
E< "P( Ed [G!.] EI
C) ^W <U[ A<GA ¤

(Ä) b) if the acknowledgement of receipt is not
@C¯( Ó @ ([. received in a period specified in
AD<( NDE G%L paragraph (a) of this Sub-Article, give
'F@) FP( Nw CG%L notice to the addressee to treat the
G\ NC 89:; DE electronic message as though it had
iA AN! Y E< ³." never been sent and exercise any other
'[d& P$(Ia s< 9Y rights he may have.
DbÖ< $G! f }
/ AD<( NG%f DEn< [CDGs 4/ Where the originator receives the

UFE. D'D NGC DEn addressee’s acknowledgement of receipt, it
G%f 89:; DEn< E< GC is presumed that the addressee has received
"` E! fPu} the related electronic message.
3/ 'F@)( 89:; DEn _Cn 5/ Where the received acknowledgement states

@T ['V< f! Fq(< that the related electronic message meets
$G DDp Cf( GD» technical requirements, either agreed upon
§; D[i"b < UÕs Dw«< or set forth in applicable standards, it is
N@C¯ E^W GD» D[i"b presumed those requirements have been
E< Õs f@Dd} met.
https://chilot.me
/.
/. 89:; DEb DÂ EI 21. Time and Place of Dispatch, and Receipt of
DG ÓI ¥d Electronic Message
// DE AD<(I G%L DN 1/ Unless otherwise agreed between the

9 D<@\ [!! F@ [G" originator and the addressee, the dispatch of
89:; DE ± U%C( an electronic message occurs when it enters
DEn NDFq AD<( f! NÂs an information system outside the control of
( w DFq c"6 ([. @% the originator or its agent.
(}
1/ DE AD<(I G%L DN 2/ Unless otherwise agreed between the
9 D [!! F@ [G" originator and the addressee, the time of
89:; DEn NG%L p<\ receipt of an electronic message is proved as
[CD\FÁ UNC( AE% fF@Ê follows:
Ä) DE G%L 89:; a) if the addressee has designated an

DE< CDG C( information system for the purpose of
DFq c"6 C DFq( "Ü receiving electronic messages, receipt
occurs when the electronic message
U%C( 89:; DEn ^W
enters the designated information
DFq c"6 ([. @%a f!
system; or whenever the addressee
G%L DEn< CDG %C(
receives it when it was sent through the
DFq c"6 Z GC Nw]
electronic system that is not the
f! designated system; or
C) G%L DE UG< DFq b) if the addressee has not designated an

c"6 Cfb [GD$ 89:; information system, the electronic
DEn "d U%C( G%L message is received when it enters the
89:; c"6 ([. @% (} electronic system of the addressee.
/ DE AD<(I G%L DN 3/ Unless otherwise agreed between the

9 D [!! F@ [G" originator and the addressee, an electronic
89:; DEn NAD<( c
message shall be deemed to be dispatched at
¥d ± Y UP (I G%f the originator’s place of business, and
c
¥d "Ü U%C(] N^W d received at the addressee’s place of business
as provided herein below:
%C( A±²< G" (Ê
Ä) DEn AD< f! G%L a) if the originator or the addressee has

NA<\ f c
¥d C( Nw more than one place of business, the
_Cn DN NU¬ (
<=>< place of business is that which has the
closest relationship to the underlying
" GF E<Ð C( c
¥d]
transaction or, where there is no
f! fW CE<Ðn D{F w(
underlying transaction, the principal

<=>< N9C +I( c
¥d
place of business; or
E<uE%n DEn DÂ
f! DG ¥d "` fPu]
f!
C) DEn AD< f! G%L b) if the originator or the addressee does

c
¥d 9C( Nw DT not have a place of business, reference
¥d( E< c
¥d @CE} is to be made to its habitual residence.
https://chilot.me
1.
1. C(. f! [W (r 22. Effect of Change or Error
// 89:; DE UCX 1/ A change or error occurs in the transmission

j C(. f! [W iAÕ of an electronic message if the originator
U%C( DE AD<( EI G%L and the addressee have agreed to use a
A<\< W< c"6< .j! f security procedure for electronic message
C'+ ['V NwI A< ( @< and one of them has not conformed to the
fW< c"6 NY i¯D (} procedure.
1/ C(. f! [W i¯D A 2/ The party who commits the change or error
CGF( f! Cgg( 89:; shall be held accountable for the changed or
DE $& (} erroneous electronic message.
/ DE AD< f! G%f $& 3/ If an individual is either the originator or the
'fw( [Wn Âs i¯D NwI addressee of an electronic message, he shall
Âs [Wn E< dF! E\ Dl not be held accountable where the error was
Nw (} made by an individual dealing with an agent
if that agent did not provide an opportunity
to correct the error.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) $GP( 4/ For the purpose of Sub-Article (1) of this
D{F NP< [W @p AÊ Article, the person noticing an error shall:
Ä) [Wn< f! C(»< (« a) promptly notify the other person of the
9( P( E< (G( '\FE error that he is not expectedly held
EI CGC( DE $& responsible for the message received;
E< 'fw< 'gj AC] and
E< ^_!
C) 9( @< UP(< !<d b) take reasonable steps, including steps

w« E=¡ '"< !: that conform to the other person’s
gg( DE D{F @°(< reasonable instructions, to return to the
.j! DDC[a D !P[I 9Y other person or, to destroy the
!<d w« E"!q < D(P\ consideration received, as a result of the
f@%+} erroneous electronic message.
<U[ X [ SUB-SECTION THREE

D A@I $& @ LIMITATIONS ON THE LIABILITIES OF
INTERMEDIARIES
.
. A[
A[¤ 23. Mere Conduit
// D A@Ih I<R"S>< '[CX 1/ An intermediary shall not, when supplying

A@EYb UP. Ó f! CG.d services of transmission of information, or
D[D" fm E<Ð
> when offering access to online public
UP. ÓÊ communication, be held liable for the
information transmitted on condition that
the intermediary does not:
Ä) G.d D[D" E<Ðn< 'f³$"] a) monitor the online communication;
C) ["n< 'D] b) initiate the transmission;

https://chilot.me
) ["n< G%f 'fD".] f! c) select the receiver of the transmission; or
D) ["n ([. s< DFq d) select or modify the information

contained in the transmission.
'fD". f! 'fGf"]
Nw CCi( DFq $& Afw<!}
1/ I<R"S>< '[CXa D EI 2/ The acts of transmission, routing and

> '\FE E%" A(b'¦<a provision of access include the automatic,
J!K(" c"6 Æ Fq < EI intermediate and transient storage of the
CA" Ó U³f Ó ! < information transmitted in so far as this
U(Ê takes place:
Ä) ["n< DFq c"6 ([. a) for the sole purpose of carrying out the
CDGj l Nw] transmission in the information system;
C) ["n DE G%f ( Y b) in a manner that makes it ordinarily

NU@D( P( ( C9 P( inaccessible to anyone other than an
anticipated recipient; and

> E<ufw< "` NCGG]
EI
) C["n NU[i@( f C'f³f c) for storage for a period not longer than is
Ó UN' Nw] (} reasonably necessary for the
transmission.
.
. f¡ '³ 24. Caching
D A@IÐ 89:; D@ f¡ An intermediary shall not be liable for the
U³( 89:; DEn< C'E° automatic, intermediate and temporary storage
C$- G% DEn< f. Gm of that electronic record, in case the intention of
w _d C'[CX Nw] E< ^_!Ê such a storage of electronic record is to make the
onward transmission of the electronic message
more efficient to other recipients who requested
for it, as long as the intermediary:
1/ 89:; D@¼< GF(] 1/ does not modify the electronic record;
2/ 89:; D@
> _d < 2/ complies with the conditions for access to
NF] the electronic record;
3/ 89:; DE jd '\FE< 3/ complies with rules regarding the updating
DCN I<Î[( ([. [m of the electronic message, specified in a
E(jI @ÐI .j! f N+s <¥ " manner widely recognized and used by the
U['' Nw] industry;
4/ 89:; DE Ã DFq 4/ does not interfere with the lawful use of
N'E° " pa I<Î[( technology widely recognized and used by
[m G%f @°I .j! f N+C the industry, to obtain information relating
§TYo A$vG! " 'fF[ to the use of the electronic message; and
Nw] EI
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5/ 89:; DFq(< E< [E\ f! 5/ removes or disables access to the electronic

> E<ufw< .¢ G"C fW<« message it has stored upon receiving a take-
UiA! Nw] down notice.
89:; DEn< A(b'¦a

J!K(" c"6n Æ Fq EI
CA" Ó 'N'n $& Afw<!}
3.
3. '[GD. 25. Hosting
// 89:; DE ! < ! " f¡ CUg message shall not be liable for damages
OuÊ arising from information stored, as long as:
Ä) I<R"S>« f! NI<R"S>« a) it is not aware that the information or the

" p( E%" [ @< activity relating to the information
D< U.[ Dw«< G] infringes the right of third parties;
C) N'(< I<R"S>< @-. b) immediately after becoming aware of the
%W"f G ² (« unlawful character of the stored
I<R"S>«< '( f! E< W information, it took all necessary
6fn< I<R"S>< 'E° measures to withdraw the information
E<ufl '\FE E"!q NP ] or to make access to such information
f! impossible; or
) ^W A+, @@( D{F c) upon receipt of a take-down notification

I<R"S>«< E< "\ '[d& provided by this Proclamation acts
"P( I<R"S>«< C'[@\ expeditiously to remove or to disable
f!
> E<ufw< C'\FE access to the information.
X. E"!q NP ]
$& Afw<!}
1/ .P i¯D Dw«< DCN UP» 2/ The limitations on liability established

'[d& < E< GC f under Sub-Article (1) of this Article do not
PD EI UP$( A@EY Z apply to a service provider unless it has
\F-@à f !" CW
> w« designated an agent to receive notifications
[X
L< [!a A\
a [ of infringement and has provided through its
-." EI ISf A\
gG services, including on its website in
[G"a ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) locations accessible to the public, the name,
@O $& @ ¥ A@EY
address, phone number and email address of
P( f iÜ AfT
(!}
the agent.
/ A@EYn G%f NA@EY Aj
( 3/ Sub-Article (1) shall not apply if the
" wT UP
Nw <U[ A<GA (/) recipient of the service works with the
iÜ Afw<!} service provider.
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.
. I<R"S>< 'E Dg 26. Information Location Tools
D A@Ih @ < [ @T < An intermediary shall not be liable for damages
D U.Á 89:; DEb incurred when it refers or links users to a website
f! .P E%
< Ã \F-@ containing infringing electronic messages or
UD f! NE^W \F @ " infringing activities, where:
U@Ih NwÊ
// I<R"S>« f! NI<R"S>« " 1/ it is not aware that the information or activity
p( E%" [ @T < D relating to the information infringes the
U.[ [CDw« E<=# N9C(] rights of third party;
1/ E% E(d f! N% 2/ it is not aware of facts or circumstances of

_d f E<=# N9C(] the infringing activity;
/ [ @T D< A[Db 3/ the infringing nature of information is not

I<R"S>« %W"f EA w] apparent;
/ NE% " G. º C( 4/ it does not receive a financial benefit directly
@<p .j! @°] f! attributable to the infringing activity; or
3/ 89:; DEn [ @< 5/ removes, or disables access to the
Db < U.[ Dw« N@C¯C ² information relating to the electronic
N89:; DEn " Ã message within a reasonable time after
I<R"S>T < AE% %C( Ó being informed that such electronic message
([. E< @Î f!
> E<ufw« infringes the rights of third parties.
F@]
C FP( Ou $& Afw<!}
.
. f(F\ '[d& [CD[$ 27. Take-down Notification
// C[ @T
> N F@ 1/ A person who have complaints with regard
I<R"S>< " p jËd C( to information made available to third
A jËd(< CD A@IÐa parties shall notify, in writing, their
CUDCN( A@EY Pa f! complaints with regard to the unlawful
C Âs A_X 'gj AC} activity to the intermediary or to the
concerned service provider or its designated
agent.
1/ jËd C( A ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA 2/ Apart from the requesting the information to
(/) I<R"S>« E< "\ ND$j be taken down in accordance with Sub
%@"Ê Article 1 of this Article , the notification
shall include:
Ä) A#nd Aj
(< Vs [!a a) full name, address, telephone number and
A\
a [ -."I IS electronic mail contacts of the
A\
] complainant;
C) A#nd Aj
(< A_X f! b) the written or electronic signature of the
89:; ¤"'] complainant;
) Á Db EI \"Ón @. c) rights that have been infringed and
[CDw« '
] justification of the unlawful activity;
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D) "< CDXd DP\ C< d) the remedial action required to be taken

DXÔ E"!q] EI in order to resolve the dispute; and
{) GF( jËdI I<R"S>< C e) a statement by the complainant that the

EI E( Dw«< UFE. information provided is true and
DEC)< correct.
' AC}
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) D{F 3/ A person who lodges a notification under
P$ '[d& ~P Dw« EdG Sub-Article (1) of this Article knowing that
GF Nw '[d& Aj
( i¯D( such notification materially misrepresents
\"Ó !< C FP( Ou $& the facts is liable for damages for wrongful
fwI} take-down.
/ P GF '[d& D{F DFq 4/ An intermediary is not liable for a takedown
'(F\ E%" i¯D D A@Ih in response to a wrongful notification.
Ñ¤ Af$j!}
<U[ X A
SUB-SECTION FOUR
©'Ò D .v CONSUMER PROTECTION
.
. UG"¼ DFq 28. Information to be Provided
// ©Gª < EI A@EYb < 89:; 1/ A supplier offering goods and services by

<=>< A'h UG" Aj
Ê way of an electronic transaction shall make
the following information available to
consumers on the website where such goods
or services to be offered are hosted:
Ä) Vs [V<a A\
(<a [ a) its full name, physical address, telephone
-.<a \F@AI ISf number, and website and e-mail
A\
(<] address;
C) p"X 'W" A% Nw A% b) membership to a commercial body
w< p"X 'W"I 'W< sending the goods and the contact
A\
] details of that body, if any;
) Aj
( @º wC< c- c) any code of conduct to which that
!E%" <I ©'Ö c-!E%" supplier subscribes and how the
<¼< 89:; D<@\ 'E° consumer may access that code of
U < AE%] conduct electronically;
D) <E\ e! Nw !@% EI d) in case of commercial legal entity, its

iv\ -.: <a !@% ¥dI registration and operation numbers, its
<E\ eV< Ñ¤ [!] place of registration, and the names of
its managers;
{) Aj
( PQ < UG< e) the physical address where that supplier
A\
] will receive legal service of documents;
51021
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F) ©'Ö CGFC 89:; f) a sufficient description of the main

<=>< DFq f D{F characteristics of the goods and
(g E< [< C'[l Aj
( services offered by that supplier to
[CGF¼ ©Gª I A@EYb 6f enable a consumer to make an informed
%W P$ & DEC)] decision on the proposed electronic
transaction;
P)
<[á" <a d[ EI g) the full price of the goods and services,
9Y X < f! < including transport costs, taxes and any
!: ©GªÖ< EI A@EYbÖ< other fees or costs;
Vs +]
©) Eº Ci¯D ©G.I A@EY h) the mode of payment, including the

X Ui¯! A@" ([. %< details of its local bank account where
A(< ""< !: X payment for goods and services sold
Di¯U D<@\] should be made;
G) +[I < !: '<(! i) any terms of agreement, including any

C
<=>« iÜ Uw« guarantees, that will apply to the
[!!b I E^W [!!b ©'Ò transaction and how those terms may be
89:; E< @Ða assessed, stored and reproduced
N'Ö EI j, pÉC electronically by consumers;
E< U s U@A '
]
) ©GªÖ C©' UZ EI j) the period of time within which the goods
A@EYbÖ C©' U "Á will be dispatched or delivered or
Ó<] within which the services will be
rendered;
) ©'Ò Efn< Vs DFq k) the manner and period within which

'E° U s Ó EI _d] consumers can access a full record of
the transaction;
) ©$ Ev< [CDDC[a [CDC. l) the return, exchange and refund policy of
EI i¯D< X D> '\FE< that supplier in respect of goods and
UDCN Aj
( UNC( payment;
á]
â) Aj
( @º wC A'
m) any alternative dispute resolution code to
E DXl < EI ©'Ö ^W< which that supplier subscribes and how
< "" fp 89:; the details and or contents of that code
D<@\ 'E° U AE%] may be accessed electronically by the
consumer;
) NXI ©'Ö E DFq " n) the security procedures and privacy
p Aj
( UNC( W< policy of that supplier in respect of
c"6b EI U[.
á] payment and personal data of the
EI consumer; and
°) E< A[iÓn ©Gª I o) where appropriate, the minimum duration

A@EYb Aj"¥ Gf %C( of the agreement in case of agreements
for the supply of products or services to
A±²< E< w< [!! "` Nw
be performed on a continuous basis or on
[!!n ¯< C©'Ö ©GªÖI

A@EYbÖ UG" \F@A f
'[GD. fT"d}
1/ Aj
( C©'Ò Ê 2/ The supplier shall provide a consumer with
an opportunity:
Ä) Vs 89:;
<=>«< a) to review the entire electronic transaction;
E< @DEV]
C) [Wb < E< [s] EI b) to correct any mistakes; and
) Eº E= ND[$d( A[G\D( c) to withdraw from the transaction, before

<=>«< ( E< »] E\ finally placing any order.
D[$ AC}
/ Aj
( ^W A<GA <U[ AGA (/) EI 3/ If a supplier fails to comply with the Sub-
(1) $GÁ< \< Õ ©'Ö Article (1) and (2) of this Article the
©GªÖ< EI A@EYb < GC 5 consumer may cancel the transaction within
GI ([.
<=>«< P"p( f } 14 days of receiving the goods or services
under the transaction.
/
<=>« ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA () 4/ If a transaction is cancelled as per Sub-
D{F NPFpÊ Article (3) of this Article:
Ä) ©'Ö NAj
( DC< !" a) the consumer shall return the
fDg] f! E<uE%n performance of the supplier or, where
GFC< A@EY D$G! ³'a applicable, cease using the services
provided; and
C) Aj
( i¯D(< Vs X b) the supplier shall refund all payments
D> "} made by the consumer less the direct
cost of returning the goods.
3/ Aj
(
<=>« C¬ ÓI 5/ The supplier shall utilize a payment system
C
<=>« UD.<a G%f C(I that is sufficiently secure with reference to
Fq(< $G §TYo D$G! accepted technological standards at the time
W<n U@% F@$ X c"6 of the transaction and the type of transaction
f@
} concerned.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (3) C< 6/ The supplier shall be liable for any damage
Ed %CDn ©'Ö f Ou "[ suffered by a consumer due to its failure to
Aj
( C FP( Ou $& (} comply with Sub-Article (5) of this Artice.
£.
£. ( 'eF. 29. Termination of Contract
// ©GªÖ< %W"f dg '\FE ©'Ö C 1/ Depending upon the nature of the goods
!<! !< EI j Ev(< delivered, a consumer may cancel without
NGC G< !: %s P% () reason and penalty an electronic transaction
GI ([. f! A@EYbÖ< DG and any related credit agreement for the
supply of goods within seven (7) days after
NDF ² %s P% () GI
the date of the receipt of the goods; or of
([. 89:;
<=>«< P"p(
services within seven (7) days after the date
f }
he started to receive the services.
https://chilot.me
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) $GP( 2/ The only charge that may be levied on the
iÜ w< ©'Ö f U@%( consumer in those cases under Sub-Article
X ©G»< D> C'\FE U (1) of this Article is the direct cost of
G. l (} returning the goods.
/ ©'Ö ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) 3/ If payment for the goods or services has
@C¯(< D E%
N'\FO ¤ been effected prior to a consumer exercising
C©GªÖ f! CA@EYbÖ X iA a right referred to in Sub-Article (1) of this
Nwa ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (1) Article, the consumer shall be entitled to a
$GP( NVs X( f full refund of such payment minus the
amount due as provided in Sub-Article (2)
GI> "` '[DC[ D AC(]
of this Article, which refund shall be made
X( D> U FEC (s NPFp
within thirty (30) days from the date of
² %s Ç GI ([. (}
cancellation.
Ç. ©' CEº %$v( Ou Ã 30. Unsolicited Communications

U FO JV;>T
// .¢ %GF%( Ou f <E\ 1/ A person who sends unsolicited commercial

JV;>T < C©'Ò U '<(! communications to consumers shall provide
P(a ©'Ö [V N^W P( DE the consumer with the option to cancel his
G% "" ([. E< PF A'
subscription from the mailing list of that
G"C f@%} person.
1/ .¢ %GF%( Ou f <E\ 2/ A person who sends unsolicited commercial

JV;>T < C©'Ò U '<(! communications to consumers shall provide
P(a ©'Ö $fG( ©'Ö< E upon request by the consumer the
I<R"S>< @°< !< D[$ particulars of the source from which he
AC} obtained the consumer's personal
information.
/ ©'Ö .¢ %GF Ouf f 3/ No agreement is concluded where a
CGFC <E\ JV;>T !> consumer has failed to respond to an
P$ _Cn DN [!! E< iÚD unsolicited communication.
"` AfP\!}
Ç/.
Ç/. ( AiØÚ! 31. Contract Performance
// ++f @T N^W v

; ['V 1/ Unless the parties have agreed otherwise,
[G" Aj
( E=Ã< NGC G< the supplier shall execute the order within
A<[b %s Pg (Ç) GI ([. thirty (30) days after the day on which it
E=Ã< DiÚ! AC} received the order.
1/ Aj
( E=Ã< Ç GI ([. f! 2/ Where a supplier has failed to execute the
9 ['V Ó ([. iÚD order within 30 days or within the agreed
©'Ö E^W ( DiÚU Ó period, the consumer may after the
E< $IG- P% GI '[$<G& expiration of that period cancel the
agreement with seven days’ written notice.
D[$ [!!n< P" f }
51023
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/ Aj
( C'jF [''%( ©Gª 3/ If a supplier is unable to comply with the
f! A@EYb 'f@Ð NDwI( terms of agreement on the grounds that the
g [!! EdÖ< DiÚ! goods or services ordered are unavailable,
lC fW<« E(d C©'Ö (« the supplier shall immediately notify the
'gj ©'Ö iÚD(< '<(<! consumer of this fact and refund any
payments made by consumer within seven
X P% GI ([. D> '\FE
days after the date of such notification.
AC}
Ç1.
Ç1. ( A@
` iØ
iØU 32. Applicability of Foreign Law
++ [!!d( U@=< E The Section on Consumer Protection provided

c"6 A[Db ['V%( [!!b for in this Proclamation applies irrespective of
(! f_« ^W A+, ([. DCN( the legal system applicable to the agreement in
©'Ò .v \< @º I(} question.
Ç.
Ç. G 'f FO Db 33. Non-Exclusion
// ^W A+, ([. DCNn< Db 1/ Any provision in an agreement which

A$vG! U[G" '<(! [!! excludes any rights provided for in this
( + AfTF(!} Proclamation is null and void.
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) \< 2/ the rights of a consumer provided for in any
T"! 9 '<(! E ([. other law which give the consumer a better
C©'Ò C D UP» \< protection shall find application not
iØU fT
+} withstanding Sub-Article (1) of this Article.
Ç.
Ç. A#nd [C'jF 34. Complaints
©'Ö Aj
( Z iÚV EI ^W< A consumer may lodge a complaint with the
A+, \< U¨F \"Ób < Ministry in respect of any non-compliance with
A[Db CU;[§" Dc #n jËd(< the provisions of this Proclamation by any
G" f } supplier.
<U[ X A![ SUB-SECTION FIVE

89:; D<Ec A@EYb ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT SERVICES
Ç3.
Ç3. P\< 89:;
89:;
89:; DGI
DGI D[$ 35. Acceptance of Electronic Filing and Issuing
of Documents
// E D{F PQ < UGa 1/ Any government agency that, pursuant to
Up,a U[G!.a iv\ U{.a any law accepts the filing of documents, or
X c"6 pF '<(! requires that documents be created or
D<Ecd e! PQ <a ivQ <a retained; issues any permit, license or
f! X c"6b < 89:; approval; or provides for a manner of
j"A f! D<@\ Ga p, EI payment, shall, notwithstanding anything to
the contrary in such law, accept the filing of
P. f }
such documents, or the creation or retention
of such documents in the form of electronic
messages; issue such permit, license or
approval in the form of an electronic
message or make or receive payment in
electronic form or by electronic means.
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1/ A<\ D<E[ e! ^W A<GA 2/ Where a public body performs any of the
<U[ A<GA (/) DCNn< E%
functions referred to in Sub-Article (1) of
this Article, such body may specify:
NI(<Ê
Ä) D@ A _da PQ j"A a) mode of archiving, its format and its
EI DEb UP
Å< AE%] transmission modalities;
C) 89:; P\ f ¤"' b) space for signature on the electronic

U"X< ¥d EI .j! f document and type of electronic
U(C(< ¤"' 6f] signature to be used;
) 89:; ¤"' U"X< c) manner and method of affixing electronic

AE%I p EI P"¤ P signature and requirements not contrary
%Cc< NGD$( _d " to conditions set by the certification
'fvF« iÓ D[i"b ] authority;
D) 89:; DEb < CI d) the system to check the authenticity and
+I j, DwI(< C'F@. EI originality of electronic messages as
A[''h _d $G( well as their safe retention; and
U³L< _d CDi> .j! f
U( c"6] EI
({) Nf N$GÁ PQ " @I° e) any other element deemed useful to the
C89:; DE EI X electronic message and modes of
p $vU I( C( payments relating to above-mentioned
UdP¼ 9Y A[iÓ XY <] documents.
Cfb "" [< f }
/ D<E[ e' C89:; DEb 2/ Public bodies shall use advanced security
EI C89:; ¤"' A$vG! requirements for the use of electronic
- W< D[i"b < D$G! messages and electronic signatures.
AC%(}
/ D<E[ e' fW A+, c

f 3/ Public bodies shall start to roll out providing
N+C Ó !: %C( A<\ 6D electronic services within a year of the date
([. 89:; A@EYb < D[$ this Proclamation comes into effect.
DD" AC%(}
Ç.
Ç.

89:; Dee! 36. Establishment of the Federal Electronic
Negarit Gazeta
//
E w 1/ The Federal Electronic Negarit Gazeta, a
!" # $%& U Federal Law Electronic Gazette published

89:; ^W under the umbrella of the House of Peoples'
A+, e-Õ} Representatives, is hereby established.
1/
'eeU A+, 2/ Without prejudice to Article 2 of the Federal
A<GA 1 @@( E< $G wTÊ Negarit Gazeta Proclamation;
Ä) '<(!
D<Ec E a) all laws of the Federal Government shall
U(
s 89:; be published in the Federal Electronic
(] Negarit Gazeta;
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C) '<(!
EI E b) all Federal and Regional Legislative,
A(a A[iÜa EI "U Executive and Judicial Organs as well
E< _! '<(! P(
as any person shall take judicial notice
89:; U of laws published in the Federal
E< DG Ed AC] Electronic Negarit Gazeta; and
)
89:; c) the Federal Electronic Negarit Gazeta
UdD( A'" EI E<Ep shall be published in both the Amharic
e<e (] _Cn e<e and English languages; in case of
DN fp L Ui$" discrepancy between the two versions
Ó A'"( f fTF+} the Amharic shall prevail.
/ '<(! E
89:; 3/ any law is published in the Federal
d f} Electronic Negarit Gazeta
Ç.
Ç.

89:; ` D@ 37. Establishment of the Federal Electronic
Dee! Register of Laws
//
E w 1/ The Federal Electronic Register of Laws, a
!" # $%& U Federal Law Electronic Gazette published

89:; ` D@ under the umbrella of the House of Peoples'
^W A+, e-Õ} Representatives, is hereby established.
1/
'eeU A+, 2/ Without prejudice what is provided under
A<GA 1 @@( E< $G wTÊ Article 2 of the Federal Negarit Gazeta
Proclamation;
Ä) '<(!
A[iÜ A a) the Federal Electronic Register of Laws
U ( DD U» publishes, directives of the Federal

89:; ` D@ executive body;
(]
C) '<(!
EI E b) all Federal and Regional Legislative,
A(a A[iÜa EI "U Executive and Judicial Organs as well
E< _! '<(! i.: P( as any natural or juridical person shall
f! E P( D P$( take judicial notice of subsidiary laws
A
89:; ` published in the Federal Electronic
D@ U E< DG Ed Register of Laws;
AC]
)
89:; ` D@ c) the Federal Electronic Register of Laws
UdD( A'" EI E<Ep shall be published in both the Amharic
e<e (] _Cn e<e and English languages; in case of
DN fp L Ui$" discrepancy between the two versions
Ó A'"( f fTF+} the Amharic shall prevail.
/ DD
89:; ` 3/ The date of publication of directives in the
D@ d » G< O Federal Electronic Register of Laws shall be
dD G< E< w f³$
} deemed to be the date of publication
/ ITÀ><I §TYo U;[§"

4/ The Ministry of Innovation and Technology
89:; ` D@< §; shall administer the technical aspect of the
Ou [u\
} Federal Electronic Registry of Laws.
https://chilot.me
3/ <U[ A<GA () C< Ed 5/ In order for it to fulfill its mandate under
D f p<\a
s A[iÜ Sub-Article (4), government bodies shall
A U (< DD a have the obligation to provide hard and soft
E%
ND F( ¤ FG EI copies of directives to the Ministry, such
89:; j, CU;[§ 'jF copies shall be in both the Amharic and
Ed AC%(] E^W j, A'" English languages.
EI E<Ep e<e DjF AC%(}
X [ PART THREE

QS< [! ',D< DOMAIN NAME MANAGEMENT
Ç.
Ç. QS< [! Ëo[
" 38. Appointment of the Registrar of Domain
Names
%Cc« QS< [! Ë,[

" Dw< The Authority shall serve as the registrar of
@CEa QS< [! ',D< c
X Domain Name; it shall create a department to
fi.
} administer and manage the “.et” domain name
space.
Ç£.
Ç£. %Cc
%Cc«
c« c<I Ñ¤ 39. Power and Responsibilities of the Authority
// ^W A+, A<GA Ç @@( 1/ Without prejudice to generality of Article 38

E< $G wT %Cc« UNs< of this proclamation, the Authority shall
E%
NI(IÊ perform the following functions:
Ä) I¦ QSf< [! ¥d< [u\

a a) administer and manage the .et domain
fD
] name space;
C) CD e iv\ fPa b) issue license and regulate registries;

f³$
]
) CD ÂY iv\ fP c) issue license and regulate registrars for
f³$
] the respective registries;
D) I¦ QSf< [! ¥d< '[u " d) ensure compliance by users with

F@\ @Ð s 6C'Gm international best practices in the
: E< [mt " administration of the “.et” domain name
space;
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) $GP( 2/ Without prejudice Sub-Article (1) of this
E< $G wT %Cc«Ê Article, the Authority shall publish
directives on:
Ä) A$vf Q I¦ QSf< [! ¥d a) the general administration and
A[u " EI ',D<<] management of the “.et” domain name
space;
C) CQSf< [! !@% U[iO b) the requirements and procedures for
D[i"b EI c-c"6b <] EI domain name registration; and
() !@% PÎ AI $vU c) the maintenance of, and public access to,
NPÎ DFq U@Ð AE%] the registry.
DCN DD < }

5102£
https://chilot.me
/ %Cc« QSf< [! !@% U[@°( 3/ The Authority shall enhance public

IJTU .j Ã WFP¼< awareness on the economic and commercial
E<=# 'g E c
f{
} benefits of domain name registration.
/ %Cc« NQSf< [! -.." " 4/ The Authority, in relation to domain name

pÊ regulation:
Ä) A[iÓ I( Y %DI( Ou a) may conduct such investigations as it

f !"D
< Æ\ f ] may consider necessary;
C) A@" ([.I 9Y A% b) shall conduct research into and keep
NQSf< [! c"6 " p abreast of developments in Ethiopia and
elsewhere on the domain name system;
dL C(ª Ã !"!: <
Æu]
) Q I¦ QSf< [! ` < c) shall continually survey and evaluate the
X` !< W Fq E<uÕ extent to which the “.et” domain name
space meets the needs of the citizens of
Gf $Ia f@DE'] EI Ethiopia; and
D) I U¬\ QSf< [! d) may issue information on the registration

!@%< UDCNn DFq < of domain names in Ethiopia.
P
f }
3/ %Cc« fW A+, Ú\³ c

f 5/ The Authority shall, in relation to the “.et”
ND+s ¤ i$ Q I¦ QSf< domain name space existing prior to the
[! ¥d< D!
I '[u " c
coming into force of this Proclamation,
f P'
'<(<! e! Db I uphold the vested rights and interests of any
.j < f$v} party involved in the management and
administration of the “.et” domain name
space.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (3) $GÁ 6/ Those parties referred in Sub-Article (5) of
EI Q I¦ QSf< ',D<I this Article and have vested rights and
A[u " f
g( Db I .j interests in the management and
ã( e Ê administration of the “.et” domain space
shall be:
Ä) (I ä( <U[ QSfT a) granted a period of six months during

f C[\[
W Ó which they may continue to operate in
E< {] EI respect of their existing delegated sub-
domains; and
C) ^W <U[ A<GA ¤

(Ä) b) considered, among other persons, for
$GP( [\[ " Ó v appointment to the post of Registrar
² D E< D ¼] after the expiry of the six month period
stipulated under this Sub-Article (6)
paragraph (a).
N9Y C j\U fP+}
https://chilot.me
å. QSf< [ < Civ\ '[u " 40. Administering Domain Names without
Authority
// iv\ gfP$( _C Fq QSf< 1/ A person who administers, manages or

[!< [u Fa D
f! c
f operates second level domain name without
+C '<(! P( N[\[ " '<[ the Permission of the authority shall be
punished with simple imprisonment not less
G E[
fG
than six months.
1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) @CÚ( 2/ Due to the commission of the act stated
\"Ó DiÚV !< [ @< under Sub Article (1) of this Article, if the
.j! f Ou " Nw f! Ngæ interst of third party has been affected or it
\"Ón< iÚD( C
Á f! C[ has been committed with the intent to
acquire undue benefit for himself/herself or
@< @% .j! C'[@° A[¥ Nw
third party the punishment Shall be rigorous
NA<\ 6D E[N A![ 6D imprisonment from one year up to five
U "[ A« E[
fG years.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) EI (1) 3/ where the acts stated under Sub Articles 1
$GP( \"Ó iÚD( WE and 2 of this Article have been committed
P( P$( e! w Ó E< by a legal person the punishment shall be a
AE%n N" A<\ Db 0W (100,000 fine note less than one hundred thousand
") '<[ @<p j U[G (100,000 ) Ethiopian Birr.
fwI
X A
PART FOUR
L L \< MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
å/.
å/. A<Ggv½ Ed 41. Duties of Operators
// 89:; <E\ A<Ggv½ a 1/ Electronic commerce operators, electronic

89:; <E\ R"! A<Ggv½ a commerce platform operators, and
EI 89:; <E\ DNC electronic commerce intra-platform
A<Ggv½ E< <E\ e' E(jI operators are recognized as forms of
commercial entities and shall be bound by
fP+] <E\ e' U@Ã%(
all laws which pertain to running a
` ! EÁ f iØU fwIs}
commercial entity.
1/ 89:; <E\ R"! A<Ggv½ 2/ Electronic commerce platform operators

E"Á R"! f ©Gª f! shall request electronic commerce operators
A@EYb G"¼ NUiO applying for selling commodities or provide
services on the platform to submit their true
89:; <E\ A<Ggv½ '<d(<
information, such as their identity, address
a A\
I =', DFq<a ivu(< EI
and related contact information and
9Y D{ DFq E< G"¼(
administrative licenses, verify and register
D$j AC%(] E^W<! DFq the same, set up archives, update and verify
C '
a DD@a DFqÖ< regularly.
Ó( '[NI 'F! AC%(}
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (1) ([. 3/ The duties of electronic commerce platform
89:; <E\ R"! A<Ggv½ operators under Sub-Article (2) of this
f s Ed 89:; <E\ Article shall also apply towards electronic
DNC A<Ggv½ f iØU I(} commerce intra-platform operators.
https://chilot.me
gA 51025/ Ød‰L U¶T Uz¤È qÜ_R x P qN 1051 ›.M Federal Negarit Gazette No. 57, 30th June, 2020 …....page 12611
/ A<Ggv½ C@ NUG"é( !" 4/ Operators shall ensure that local products
EI A@EY ([. x% UWC( A@" and services constitute at least 50% of their
([. !" EI A@EY Dw«< offer.
'F@. AC%(}
3/ i< DE A@EY P 5/ The role of express logistic service providers
89:; Ef ([. ( UI in electronic commerce is recognized
E(jI P.bd}
å1.
å1. ACDE%%b < DXl D<@Q 42. Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
// 89:; <E\ R"! ADlÒ 1/ Electronic commerce platform operators shall

ACDE%%b < DXl A'
D<@Q establish a dispute settlement mechanism.
DG[ AC%(}
1/ %Cc« QSf< [! ',D domain space,
Uid A'
D<@Q < DG[ the Authority shall establish a dispute
AC} settlement mechanism.
/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) EI (1) 3/ Any unresolved disagreement between
c" U\- Ou DXÔ @Ð parties which fall within the ambit of Sub-
ACDE%%b ^W A+,a EI fW< A+, Articles (1) and (2) of this Article shall be
D{F '\FE U» <¥ f! submitted to arbitration in accordance with
DD D{F EE uh the rules of arbitration of a dispute
c"6 G"¥ E% @} settlement mechanism established under this
Proclamation and the regulations and
directives thereunder.
å.
å. U[."
U[." D$j Ed 43. Obligation of Confidentiality
// ^W A+, f! AE% %C( 9 1/ With the exception of persons authorized by
E NiG ( P [G" this Proclamation or other relevant law,
89:;[ DEb <a 9Y A®X persons who can access electronic
PQ < f! 9Y 89:; messages, any other written documents or
Dg < 'E° U '<(! other electronic devices have the obligation
to keep them confidential.
P( ^W AE% @°(< U[."
D$j Ed AC}
1/ ^W <U[ A<G (1) @@( P 2/ In case of Violation of what is stipulated in
E< w \"Ón < O \< Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the act shall
D{F UPG fwI be punishable according to the provisions of
the Criminal Code.
å.
å. iØ
iØU 'fw« ` 44. Inapplicable Laws
N^W A+, " UvF< '<(! E ^W Any law which is inconsistent with this
A+, ([. DCNn Ou f iØU Proclamation shall not be applicable with respect
C(!} to matters provided for in this Proclamation.
https://chilot.me
å3.
å3. <I DD '( c< 45. Powers to Issue Regulations and Directives
// U;[: !" # fW< A+, c

1/ The Council of Ministers may issue
f C'+ < f } Regulations for the implementation of the
Proclamation.
1/ U;[§ fW<< A+,I ^W A<GA <U[ 2/ The Ministry may issue directives for the
A<GA (/) U < C'[iÚ! implementation of this Proclamation and
DD f } Regulations issued under Sub Article (1) of
this Article.
/ %Cc« NU;[§ " DDN" ^W 3/ The Authority in consultation with the
A+,I ^W A+, D{F NU» Ministry may issue directives for the
<¥ UDÅ Ou f DD implementation of matters arising from this
'( f } Proclamation and Regulations thereunder.
å.
å. A+É UÚ
UÚI Ó 46. Effective Date
fW A+, !" #n NÚ G G< !: This Proclamation shall enter into force as of the
E%
fwI} date ratified by the House.
A [ A% P G< 1051 6/! Done at Addis Ababa, on this 30th day of June,
202ዐ .
gWC"j p( SAHLEWORK ZEWDIE
I

PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL
Ëû< DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

Electronic Transaction Proclamation No. 1205 2020

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Electronic Transaction Proclamation No. 1205 2020

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~ [\[ 6D -." x 26th Year No. 57

A+, -." /0123/

FG< EI J!KL"< 'EN  FO WHEREAS, it is necessary to provide

89:; <E\< .j! f '+ WHEREAS, using electronic commerce

89:; D<Ec A@EY< WHEREAS, deploying electronic

ÃNÇ êU nU¶T Uz¤È ±.œ.q.Ü *¹þ1

X A<\ PART ONE

/. A " "E[ 1. Short Title

// "DE G%f" 'C D 1/ “addressee” means the person determined

/ “J!KL" J\” 'C A<\ J!KL" 3/ “computer Code” = a set of instructions or

/ “%Cc<” 'C I JV;>< 7/ “Authority” means the Ethiopian

/ “JV;><” 'C ( AG

£/ “JV;>< " A@EYb ” 'C 9/ “communication network services” means

/ "AD<" 'C 

Ä) 89:; DE f! a) verifying that an electronic message or

. A+É i¨U P< 3. Scope of Application

// fW A+,Ê 1/ This Proclamation shall apply:

Ä) C A@EY D[$ c<I a) on institutions of the Federal and

C) 89:; <E\a 89:; b) electronic commerce, electronic

Ä) lI XÍ< !: NE _d " a) transactions and matters related to

) NX"\ # E=¡ a D. a c) court procedures, judicial summons,

D) 'f<GgG[ <F< N'[CCX d) transactions related to the transfer of any

{) NW (I Ou ] e) the creation, performance or enforcement

Ä) I<R"S>< §TYo v a) information technology standards;

C) 89:; DE JV;><<] b) communication of electronic messages;

) D A@I $& @ <] c) limitations on the liabilities of

D) ©'Ò D .v<] d) consumer protection;

{) 89:; D<Ec A@EYb ] e) electronic government services;

©) ud<  J!K(" '[@%I h) methods relating to data entry and

G) E<u[i Ón Ó( UP« i) any other matters as may be required

DD < }

/ I JV;>< %Cc< ^W 3/ Ethiopian Communication Authority shall

// ^W A+, Ô

1/ !" #n A% U;[< !: 2/ Members of the Council including the

/ (<[s 89:; Ef EI 4/ The Council shall advice the government

3/ (<[s AE%  ( NCL 5/ The Council may establish different

X _C PART TWO

<U[ X A<\ SUB-SECTION ONE

.  (r 7. Legal Outcome

Ä) ECP¼< '< CDC EI a) a method is used to identify that person

C) p( [!!< !: s 9Y b) that method is as reliable as was

1/ 89:; ¤"' A[''h ( 2/ An electronic signature shall be considered

Ä) .j! f +C AE%a a) the means of creating the electronic

) 89:; ¤"'( NiFD ² c) any alteration made to the electronic

5. 'W! 10. Seal

// E I<R"S>< +I j, E< G" 1/ Where a law requires information to be

Ä) I<R"S>« DF(< j"A f¡ a) there exists a reliable assurance as to the

C) I<R"S>« '<(! iC@ Ó b) if the information can be accessible and

89:; DEn fW< j\D-_d

1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) ¤  

Ä) NI<R"S>< JV;><a ! I a) by considering whether the information

) 9Y AE%  ( _d < c) having regard to all other relevant

// 89:; DEb '<(! E 1/ In any legal proceedings, electronic

1/ 89:; DEn '[Fq  2/ In assessing the evidential weight of an

Ä) 89:; DEn Da a) the reliability of the manner in which the

D) X"\ # AE% A ( Y d) any other relevant fact the court may

E! ([. f@%s}

// E PQ a DEb EI I<R"S>< 1/ Where a law requires that documents,

Ä) 89:; DE ([. U@h a) the information contained in the

C) 89:; DEn GF¯a b) is retained in the format in which it was

/ E FG< 'EN  FO PQ I 3/ A document, record or information referred

// X E< iÚ! U$fj

~ [\[ 6D -." x 26th Year No. 57

FG< EI J!KL"< 'EN FO WHEREAS, it is necessary to provide

89:; <E\< .j! f '+ WHEREAS, using electronic commerce

89:; D<Ec A@EY< WHEREAS, deploying electronic

X A<\ PART ONE

/. A" "E[ 1. Short Title

// "DE G%f" 'C D 1/ “addressee” means the person determined

/ “J!KL" J\” 'C A<\ J!KL" 3/ “computer Code” = a set of instructions or

/ “%Cc<” 'C I JV;>< 7/ “Authority” means the Ethiopian

/ “JV;><” 'C ( AG

£/ “JV;>< " A@EYb ” 'C 9/ “communication network services” means

/ "AD<" 'C

Ä) 89:; DE f! a) verifying that an electronic message or

. A+É i¨U P< 3. Scope of Application

Ä) C A@EY D[$ c<I a) on institutions of the Federal and

C) 89:; <E\a 89:; b) electronic commerce, electronic

Ä) lI XÍ< !: NE _d " a) transactions and matters related to

) NX"\ # E=¡ a D. a c) court procedures, judicial summons,

D) 'f<GgG[ <F< N'[CCX d) transactions related to the transfer of any

{) NW (I Ou ] e) the creation, performance or enforcement

Ä) I<R"S>< §TYo v a) information technology standards;

C) 89:; DE JV;><<] b) communication of electronic messages;

) D A@I $& @ <] c) limitations on the liabilities of

D) ©'Ò D .v<] d) consumer protection;

{) 89:; D<Ec A@EYb ] e) electronic government services;

©) ud< J!K(" '[@%I h) methods relating to data entry and

G) E<u[iÓn Ó( UP« i) any other matters as may be required

DD < }

/ I JV;>< %Cc< ^W 3/ Ethiopian Communication Authority shall

// ^W A+, Ô

1/ !" #n A% U;[< !: 2/ Members of the Council including the

/ (<[s 89:; Ef EI 4/ The Council shall advice the government

3/ (<[s AE% ( NCL 5/ The Council may establish different

X _C PART TWO

<U[ X A<\ SUB-SECTION ONE

. (r 7. Legal Outcome

Ä) ECP¼< '< CDC EI a) a method is used to identify that person

C) p( [!!< !: s 9Y b) that method is as reliable as was

1/ 89:; ¤"' A[''h ( 2/ An electronic signature shall be considered

Ä) .j! f +C AE%a a) the means of creating the electronic

) 89:; ¤"'( NiFD ² c) any alteration made to the electronic

5. 'W! 10. Seal

// E I<R"S>< +I j, E< G" 1/ Where a law requires information to be

Ä) I<R"S>« DF(< j"A f¡ a) there exists a reliable assurance as to the

C) I<R"S>« '<(! iC@ Ó b) if the information can be accessible and

89:; DEn fW< j\D-_d

1/ ^W A<GA <U[ A<GA (/) ¤

Ä) NI<R"S>< JV;><a ! I a) by considering whether the information

) 9Y AE% ( _d < c) having regard to all other relevant

// 89:; DEb '<(! E 1/ In any legal proceedings, electronic

1/ 89:; DEn '[Fq 2/ In assessing the evidential weight of an

Ä) 89:; DEn Da a) the reliability of the manner in which the

D) X"\ # AE% A( Y d) any other relevant fact the court may

// E PQ a DEb EI I<R"S>< 1/ Where a law requires that documents,

Ä) 89:; DE ([. U@h a) the information contained in the

C) 89:; DEn GF¯a b) is retained in the format in which it was

/ E FG< 'EN FO PQ I 3/ A document, record or information referred

// X E< iÚ! U$fj

Ä) FPÐ 89:; DE j"A a) the receipt is in the form of an electronic

) 89:; DEn Gf c) the electronic message is accessible and

<U[ X _C SUB-SECTION TWO

// 89:; DEÊ 1/ An electronic message shall be attributable

C) AD<(< E< c< b) it is sent by a person who is authorized

) A(b'¦ c"6n :E

N Nw AD<( ( Y

1/ 89:; DE G%L DEn 2/ The addressee of an electronic message may

Ä) DEn NI<R"S>< AD<( a) an agreed procedure has been applied to

Ä) DEn G%f DEn a) the receiver of the message has been

C) DE G%L @(< .<v¢ b) the addressee knew or had means to

89:; DEn (r

. DE [CD\FÁ UP. 'F@) 20. Acknowledgement of Receipt

// DE AD<( 89:; 1/ The originator may request the addressee to

Ä) A(bS\ w f! 9 D<@\ a) any communication by the addressee,

C) 89:; DEn< [CDGs (\b) any conduct of the addressee sufficient

Ä) NG%f DEn< [CDGs a) may inform the addressee that no

C) ^W <U[ A<GA ¤

/ AD<( NG%f DEn< [CDGs 4/ Where the originator receives the

3/ 'F@)( 89:; DEn _Cn 5/ Where the received acknowledgement states

// DE AD<(I G%L DN 1/ Unless otherwise agreed between the

Ä) DE G%L 89:; a) if the addressee has designated an