When5−k=−7, k=5+7=12.

When5−k=7, k=5−7=−2.
Hence,
k=12, −2.
Thecor
rectansweri
sD.

Exer
cise4.
4
Quest
ion1:
Wr
it
eMi
nor
sandCof
act
orsoft
heel
ement
soff
oll
owi
ngdet
ermi
nant
s:
(
i) (
ii
)

Answer

(
i)Thegi
vendet
ermi
nanti
s .
Mi
norofel
ementaiji
sMij.

M11=mi
norofel
ementa11=3
M12=mi
norofel
ementa12=0
M21=mi
norofel
ementa21=−4
M22=mi
norofel
ementa22=2

Cofact
orofaiji
s
A11=3
A12=0
A21=4
A22=2

(
ii
)

.
Mi
norofel
ementaiji
sMij.
M11=mi
norofel
ementa11=d
M =mi
norofel
ementa12 =b
1
2
M =mi
norofel
ementa21 =c
2
1
M =mi
norofel
ementa22 =a
2
2
 i
+j
Cofact
orofaiji
sAij=(−1) Mij.
1+1 2
A11=(−1) M11=( −1)( d)=d
1+2 3
A12=(
−1) M12=(
−1)(
b)=−b
2+1 3
A21=(
−1) M21=(
−1)(
c)=−c
2+2 4
A22=(
−1) M22=(
−1)(
a)=a

Quest
ion2:

(
i) (
ii
)

Answer
(i
)

.
Byt
hedef
ini
ti
onofmi
nor
sandcof
act
ors,
wehav
e:

M11=mi
norofa11=

M12=mi
norofa12=

M13=mi
norofa13=

M21=mi
norofa21=

M22=mi
norofa22=

M23=mi
norofa23=

M31=mi
norofa31=

M32=mi
norofa32=

M33=mi
norofa33=

A11=cof
act
orofa11=1
A12=cof
act
orofa12=0
A13=cof
act
orofa13=0
A21=cof
act
orofa21=0
A22=cof
act
orofa22=1
A23=cof
act
orofa23=0
A31=cof
act
orofa31=0
A32=cof
act
orofa32=0
A33=cof
act
orofa33=1
(
ii
)

.
Bydef
ini
ti
onofmi
nor
sandcof
act
ors,
wehav
e:

M11=mi
norofa11=

M12=mi
norofa12=

M13=mi
norofa13=

M21=mi
norofa21=

M22=mi
norofa22=

M23=mi
norofa23=

M31=mi
norofa31=

M32=mi
norofa32=

M33=mi
norofa33=
A11=cof
act
orofa11=11
A12=cof
act
orofa12=−6
A13=cof
act
orofa13=3
A21=cof
act
orofa21=4
A22=cof
act
orofa22=2
A23=cof
act
orofa23=−1
A31=cof
act
orofa31=−20
A32=cof
act
orofa32=13
A33=cof
act
orofa33=5

Quest
ion3:
Usi
ngCof
act
orsofel
ement
sofsecondr
ow,
eval
uat
e

Answer

.
Wehav
e:

M21=
2+1
A21=cof
act
orofa21=(
−1) M21=7

M22=

2+2
A22=cof
act
orofa22=(
−1) M22=7

M23=
2+3
A23=cof
act
orofa23=(
−1) M23=−7
Weknowt
hat∆i
sequal
tot
hesum oft
hepr
oductoft
heel
ement
sof
t
hesecondr
owwi
tht
hei
rcor
respondi
ngcof
act
ors.

 ∆=a21A21+a22A22+a23A23=2(
7)+0(
7)+1(
−7)=14−7=7

Quest
ion4:
Usi
ngCof
act
orsofel
ement
soft
hir
dcol
umn,
eval
uat
e

Answer
 .
Wehav
e:

M13=

M23=

M33=

1+3
A13=cof
act
orofa13=(
−1) M13=(
z−y
)

2+3
A23=cof
act
orofa23=(
−1) M23=−(
z−x)=(
x−z)

3+3
A33=cof
act
orofa33=(
−1) M33=(
y−x)

Weknowt
hat∆i
sequal
tot
hesum oft
hepr
oductoft
heel
ement
sof
t
hesecondr
owwi
tht
hei
rcor
respondi
ngcof
act
ors.

Quest
ion5:
Fort
hemat
ri
cesAandB,
ver
if
ythat(
AB)
′= wher
e

(
i)
(
ii
)

Answer
(
i)

(
ii
)
 Exer
cise4.
5

Quest
ion1(
a):
Fi
ndadj
ointofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces.

Answer

Quest
ion1(
b):
Fi
ndadj
ointofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces.
3 9
4 6
Answer
:

Quest
ion2:
Fi
ndadj
ointofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces.

Answer
Quest
ion3:

Ver
if
yA(
adj
A)=(
adj
A)A= I.
Answer

Quest
ion4:

Ver
if
yA(
adj
A)=(
adj
A)A= I.

Answer
Quest
ion6:
Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

Answer
Quest
ion7:
Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

Answer

Quest
ion8:
Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

Answer
Quest
ion9:
Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

Answer

Quest
ion10:
Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

.
Answer
Quest
ion11:

Fi
ndt
hei
nver
seofeachoft
hemat
ri
ces(
ifi
texi
sts)
.

Answer

Quest
ion12:

Let and .Ver

if
ythat

Answer
Fr
om (
1)and(
2),
wehav
e:(
AB)
−1=B−1A−1

Hence,
thegi
venr
esul
tispr
oved.

Quest
ion13:

I
f ,
showt
hat .Hencef
ind .Answer
 Quest
ion14:

Fort
hemat
ri
x,A= 3 2 f
indt
henumbersaandbsuch
2
1 1 thatA +aA+bI=O.

Wehav
e:

Compari
ngt
hecorrespondi
ngel
ement
s
oft
hetwomatr
ices,wehave:

Hence,
−4and1ar
etherequir
ed
val
uesofaandbr
espect
ivel
y.
Quest
ion15:

3 2
Fort
hemat
ri
x showt
hatA −6A +5A+11I=O.Hence,
−1
f
indA .
 Fr
om equat
ion(
1),
wehav
e:

Quest
ion16:

3 2
I
f v
eri
fyt
hatA −6A +9A−4I=Oandhencef
ind
−1
A
Answer
:
Fr
om equat
ion(
1),
wehav
e:

Quest
ion17:

LetAbeanonsi
ngul
arsquar
emat
ri
xofor
der3×3.Then i
sequal
toA. B.

C. D.

AnswerB
Weknowt
hat
,

Hence,
thecor
rectansweri
sB.

Quest
ion18:
−1
I
fAi
sani
nver
ti
blemat
ri
xofor
der2,
thendet(
A )i
sequal
to

A.det(
A)B. C.1D.0Answer
Si
nceAi
sani
nver
ti
blemat
ri
x,

Hence,
thecor
rectansweri
sB.
 Exer
cise4.
6

Quest
ion1:

Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.x+2y
=2

2x+3y=3
Answer

Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Ai
snon-
singul
ar.
−1
Ther
efor
e,A exi
sts.
Hence,
thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsi
sconsi
stent
.

Quest
ion2:
Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.
2x−y=5 x+y=4

Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Ai
snon-
singul
ar.
−1
Ther
efor
e,A exi
sts.
Hence,
thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsi
sconsi
stent
.

Quest
ion3:

Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.x+3y
=5

2x+6y=8
Answer

Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsi
s:x+
3y=5
2x+6y=8
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Ai
sasi
ngul
armat
ri
x.

Thus,
thesol
uti
onoft
hegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsdoesnotexi
st.Hence,
thesy
stem
ofequat
ionsi
sinconsi
stent
.
Quest
ion4:
Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.

x+y+z=1 2x+3y+2z=2 ax+ay+2az=4

Answer

Thi
ssy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm AX=B,
wher
e

Ai
snon-
singul
ar.
−1
Ther
efor
e,A exi
sts.
Hence,
thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsi
sconsi
stent
.

Quest
ion5:
Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.
3x−y−2z=2 2y−z=−1 3x−5y=3
Answer
:
Thi
ssystem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Ai
sasi
ngul
armat
ri
x.

Thus,
thesol
uti
onoft
hegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsdoesnotexi
st.Hence,
thesy
stem
ofequat
ionsi
sinconsi
stent
.

Quest
ion6:
Exami
net
heconsi
stencyoft
hesy
stem ofequat
ions.
5x−y+4z=5 2x+3y+5z=2 5x−2y+6z=−1
Answer

Thi
ssy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Ai
snon-
singul
ar.
−1
Ther
efor
e,A exi
sts.
Hence,
thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionsi
sconsi
stent
.

Quest
ion7:
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.
Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion8:
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.

Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.
Quest
ion9:
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.

Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion10:

Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.5x+2y
=3 3x+2y=5
Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion11:
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.

Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion12: Mar
-14 (
5m)
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.
x−y+z=4 2x+y−3z=0 x+y+z=2
Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion13: Mar
-15,
Jul
y-15 (
5m)
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.2x+3y+
3z=5
x−2y+z=−43x−y
−2z=3

Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm AX=B,
wher
e

Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion14: Mar
-18,
Jul
y-14 (
5m)
Sol
vesy
stem ofl
i
nearequat
ions,
usi
ngmat
ri
xmet
hod.
x−y+2z=7 3x+4y−5z=−5 2x−y+3z=12
Answer
Thegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e
Thus,
Aisnon-
singul
ar.Ther
efor
e,i
tsi
nver
seexi
sts.

Quest
ion15: Mar
-16 (
5m)

I
f

−1 −1
f
indA .Usi
ngA sol
vet
hesy
stem ofequat
ions

Answer
Now,t
hegi
vensy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,
wher
e

Quest
ion16:

Thecostof4kgoni
on,
3kgwheatand2kgr
icei
sRs60.Thecostof2
kgoni
on,
4kgwheatand6kgr
icei
sRs90.Thecostof6kgoni
on2kg
wheatand3kgr
icei
sRs70.Fi
ndcostofeachi
tem perkgbymat
ri
x
met
hod.

Answer
Lett
hecostofoni
ons,
wheat
,andr
iceperkgbeRsx
,Rsy
,and
Rszr
espect
ivel
y.Then,
thegi
vensi
tuat
ioncanber
epr
esent
ed
byasy
stem ofequat
ionsas:

Thi
ssy
stem ofequat
ionscanbewr
it
teni
nthef
orm ofAX=B,