Kindipan, Jhunmae I.

BSN-1T

1. CASAGRA Transformative leadership model by Sr. Carolina S. Agravante. It is a psycho-spiritual

model, which was an effective means for faculty to become better teachers and servant-leaders.
The model is a Three- Fold transformation leadership concept rolled into one. One of the
strength of this theory is that it can be used in other educational settings not just on nursing
profession. While the weakness of this model is how it only limits to Roman Catholic and
Christian nursing educators. This model was designed to lead to radical change from apathy or
indifference to a spiritual person. And also the care complex in the personality of the nursing
faculty is highly correlated to their leadership. The servant- leader formula has three parts: the
care complex primer, a retreat workshop on servant- leadership and a seminar workshop on
transformative teaching for nursing faculty. Special expertise, nursing leadership, transformative
teaching and care complex are also the key concepts in this theory. First, the conceptual
paradigm of care is logical because the variables are very well explained on how transformative-
leadership model be applicable through care complex, transformative teaching servant- leader
spirituality and servant leader behaviour. Second, according to care complex of Agravante,
caring personality rests on the possession of care complex with in a person as an energy source
of caring. Third, the frameworks explain and predict the continuous formation of nursing
leadership behaviours. Fourth, Servant leadership formula runs parallel to the generic elements
of the transformative leadership model. Fifth, the transformative teaching is the guide that
desired for the modern educative process. Lastly, the expertise is the practice of caring and
proactive in face of challenges for the profession. Sr. Agravante put emphasis on how nurses
should take on the lead with utmost care and compassion. This theory is significant for the nurse
educators, nursing students will be assured of similar leadership formation, it's theory
considered as complex and the study population considered of 30 nursing faculty divided into
control and study group randomly selected to participate. To end up this discussion, we nurses
should keep this in mind according to what Sr. Agravante says, "Focus on the type of leadership
in nursing that can challenge the changing world."

2. Composure behaviour and patient's wellness outcome model by Carmelita Divinagracia. The
assumption of this theory is the wellness outcome of a patient will depend on the intervention
the nurse has when administering the client. One of the significance of this theory is to
determine the effect of the "composure" behaviour of the advance nurse practitioner on the
wellness outcome of the selected cardiac patients. Its major concepts of this theory are the
composure behaviour and patients wellness outcome. The composure behaviour defined as a
set of behaviours determined by Dr. Divinagracia that would be demonstrated by advance nurse
practitioners to see how it would affect the recovery of the patients in the coronary care unit of
the Philippine heart centre. Composure stands for competence, presence and prayer, Open-
mindedness, stimulation, understanding, respect, relaxation and empathy. Second is the
patients’ wellness outcome which are the physiological outcome and behavioural outcome.
Under physiological outcome are the vital signs, chest pain and hemoglobin. While under the
behavioral outcome are the physical, emotional, intellectual and spiritual. The nursing
metaparadigm of this theory has only two stated the nursing and person. For the nursing it is
defined as the quality of nursing care could be improved using an intervention. While for the
person it is defined as each individual needs humane, caring, spirituality orientation intervention
that can facilitate wellness regardless of creed, social class, gender, age and nationality.