ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

EL40102
 CONTENTS

֍ Biological Neuron
֍ Artificial Neuron
֍ Activation Function
֍ Single Layer Perceptron
֍ Multi Layer Perceptron
֍ Back Propagation Algorithm
֍ Recurrent Neural Network
֍ Adaptive Resonance Theory

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 2
Odisha
 Unit – 1 Lecture 2
Objective of Today’s Lecture
Understand the Biological Neuron and Artificial Neuron

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 3
Odisha
 Unit – 1 Lecture 2

Neural Networks

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 4
Odisha
 Neural Network
Neural Networks – simplified models of biological neuron systems.
- Massively parallel distributing processing systems made up of highly
interconnected neural computing elements that have the ability to learn and
thereby acquire knowledge and make it available for us.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 5
Odisha
 Human Brain
Human brain
 1010 basic units called neurons.
 Each neuron in turn connected to
about 104 other neurons.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 6
Odisha
 Biological Neuron
Biological Neuron
 Small cell that receives electro-chemical signals from various sources and
in turn responds by transmitting electrical impulses to other neurons.
 Composed of a nucleus – a cell body known as soma.
 Attached to soma – long irregularly shaped filaments, dendrites.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 7
Odisha
 Biological Neuron
Biological Neuron
 Dendrites – behaves as input channel.
 Axon – serves as output channel.
 Synapse – the point of contact between neurons; between axon and
dendrites.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 8
Odisha
 Biological Neuron
Biological Neuron
 Dendrites – behaves as input channel.
 Axon – serves as output channel.
 Synapse – the point of contact between neurons; between axon and
dendrites.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 9
Odisha
 Artificial Neural Network
Introduction
 Refers to a biologically inspired sub-field of artificial intelligence modeled
after the brain.
 A computational network based on biological neural networks.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 10
Odisha
 Artificial Neural Network
Introduction
 Refers to a biologically inspired sub-field of artificial intelligence modeled
after the brain.
 A computational network based on biological neural networks.

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 11
Odisha
 Artificial Neural Network
BNN vs. ANN Biological Neural Network Artificial Neural Network
Dendrites Inputs
Cell nucleus Nodes
Synapse Weights
Axon Output

Asutosh Patnaik, Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE, CGU,

10-08-2022 12
Odisha