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FUNCTIONS

OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

OBJECTIVES:
• perform operations on functions;
• determine the domain of the given functions;
• determine the domain of the resulting functions
after performing the operations on functions; and
• define a composite function and give its domain.

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OPERATIONS ON FUNTIONS AND DETERMINATION OF DOMAIN OF

FUNCTIONS AS A RESULT OF OPERATION

Definition 0.2.1 (p. 16)

EXAMPLE 1: (example 1 on p.16)

Let f ( x)  1  x  2 and g ( x)  x  3
f
Find the domains and formulas for the functions f  g , f  g , fg , , and 7 f
g
Solution: The formulas are :
 f  g ( x)  f ( x)  g ( x)  1  x  2   x  3  x  2  x2
 fg ( x)  f ( x) g ( x)  1  x  2 x  3
f  f ( x) 1  x  2
 ( x)  
g g ( x) x3
7 f ( x)  7 f ( x)  7  7 x2
The domains of f  g , f  g , and fg
D f : 2,     D g :  ,   2,   
f
The domain of  2 ,  except 3
g
The domain of 7 f is the same as the domain of f

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OPERATION ON COMPOSITE FUNCTION AND DETERMINATION OF ITS

DOMAIN

Definition 0.2.2 (p. 17)

EXAMPLE 1: (example 3 on p.17)

Let f ( x )  x 2  3 and g ( x )  x
Find  f  g ( x ) and g  f ( x ) and their domain
Solution:
The formula for f  g  f  g ( x )   ( x ) 2  3  x  3
Since Dg : 0 ,  and the D f :   , , the domain of f  g consists of all x in
0 ,  such that g ( x )  x lies in   , ; thus , the domain of f  g is 0 , 
Therefore ( f  g )( x )  x  3 , x  0

The formula for g  f  g  f ( x )   x2  3

Since D f :   ,  and the Dg : 0 , , the domain of g  f consists of all x in
-  ,  such that f ( x )  x 2  3 lies in 0, ; thus , the domain of
g  f is -  , .
Therefore ( g  f )( x )  x 2  3 , there is no need to indicate that the
domain is -  ,  since this is the natural domain of x2  3

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EXAMPLE 2: (example 4 on p.18)

Let f (x)  x , g(x)  1 x and h(x)  x 3
Find f  g  h ( x )
EXAMPLE 3:
Express the following functions as a composition of two functions.
a ) (x  1) 2
b) sin(x 3 )
c) 4 - 3x
1
d)
x 1