SEWING

MATERIALS
THEORY: 45 TERMS
Principal Lecturer
Master TRAN THI KIM PHUONG

8/18/2022

1
 COURSE OBJECTIVES
2

 Provide basic knowledge about textile materials,

structure, properties of natural fibers and chemical
fibers.
 Provides basic knowledge about the structure
and properties of common fabrics and sewing
accessories.
 Introduce the characteristics and application
scope of materials to identify and take appropriate
handling measures in the process of processing,
manufacturing and using garment products.
 Provide knowledge about the quality assessment
criteria of raw materials, semi-finished products
and garment products.
8/18/2022
 COURSE CONTENT
3

Chapter 1: General concept of sewing

1 materials

2 Chapter 2: Fibers and yarns

3 Chapter 4: Fabric

4 Chapter 6: Garment accessories

Chapter 7: Labeling and usage instructions

5 for garment products
8/18/2022
 OUTCOME STANDARDS OF
COURSE
4

1. Understand the basic knowledge about names,

structures, properties of materials used in the
garment industry.
2. Identify sewing materials.
3. Understand the standards for assessing the
characteristics of materials and garments.
4. Applicable to the selection of materials for
sewing products.

8/18/2022
 FORM OF TEST - ASSESSMENT
5

Midterm exam: 10%

Final exam: 50%

Test report : 30%

Attend class assignments: 10%

8/18/2022
6 Chapter 1
General concept of
sewing materials

8/18/2022
 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1
7

1 • The function of clothes

2 • Clothing production chain

3 • Scope of use of textile materials

4 • Classification of textile
materials
5 • Basic requirements of textile
materials

8/18/2022
 1.1 The function of clothes
8

- Protect people from harsh climatic and

1. Guard natural conditions.
- Protect people from enemies
- Labor protection.
- Making people's lives better (comfortable).

- Occupation, organization (uniform)

- Ethnic, …

3. Beautify
8/18/2022
 1.2 Clothing production chain
9

❊ In order to have clothes, there must first be sheet

materials (leather, bark, cloth...)
❊ To have fabric, it is necessary to have materials from
fibers or fibers that are linked together. This is a
common method of fabric making during the
development of human civilization.
❊ Therefore, the clothing manufacturing process is
arranged according to a vertical processing system to
form a chain: Fiber - yarn - fabric - clothing.

8/18/2022
 1.2 Clothing production chain


fiber Yarns

Clothes Fabric

Raw Dyeing, Fashion

material printing design Product
Weaving fabric and distribution
production sewing

CHAPTER 1 10
 The main technological processes of
the textile industry
11
PROCESSING OF STARTING INGREDIENTS
Plants - Animals - Minerals - Chemical products

SPINNING
- Cotton spinning - Boiling glue - Silk spinning
- Hemp glue - Spinning wool - Chemical spinning
- Spinning flax - Blending spinning

TEXTILE
- Woven - Manufacture of non-woven fabrics - Braiding
- Knitted - Carpet weaving - Knitting

DYE PRINT – FABRIC FINISHING

FASHION DESIGN – SEWING – FINISHED GARMENT PRODUCTS

MARKETING - DISTRIBUTION OF US PRODUCTS 8/18/2022

 1.3 Scope of use of textile raw materials
12

Table 1.1 - The field of using textile materials of the world in 2000

Uses Rate [%]

Garment 50
Living cloth 19
Skill 16
Floor fabric, carpet 6
Cars, transportation 4
Health, hygiene 3
Other 2
8/18/2022
 1.3 Scope of use of textile raw
materials
13

Table 1.2 - The field of using textile materials of the US

Uses 1998 [%] 2008 [%]

Garment 36 16,0

Living cloth 15,9 8,2

Skill 22,9 40,3

Floor fabric, carpet 24,6 35,5

Total 100,0 100,0

8/18/2022
 1.4 Classification of textile materials
14

✻ In order to facilitate research, use, transaction,

evaluation, acceptance, etc., one must conduct
classification of textile materials. There are many
criteria for classification such as:
- According to structure or structural characteristics;
- According to origin, composition;
- According to the production method;
- By field of application;
- ……………… etc….. and …. etc… 8/18/2022
 1.4.1 Classification according to
structure or structural features
15

1 Fiber

2 Yarn, sewing thread

3 Fabric

4 Other sewing accessories

8/18/2022
 Fiber
16

Definition
It is a basic component of
textiles whose form consists of
bundles of molecules located
along a central axis in a certain
direction and held together by
intermolecular forces.

8/18/2022
 Fiber
17

FIBER CLASSIFICATION
Silk

 Particularly, chemical
fibers are divided into two
types: Staples (cut fibers) and
filaments (continuous fibres). 8/18/2022
 Yarn
18

A basic component of textiles whose form

consists of fibers that lie spirally or parallel
Definition along a central axis and are held together by
friction or adhesion.

 Primary yarn: Short fiber (spun

yarn), filament yarn (technical
yarn, silk, elastic yarn), cut yarn.

Secondary yarn: Multiple yarn,

wrapped yarn, style yarn, etc…
8/18/2022
 Fabric – TEXTILE PRODUCTS
19

• Is the basic component of textile materials

Definition in the form of sheets, consisting of fibers
and fibers with various forms of bonding.

a – Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-

woven fabrics.
b – Bandages, braided jute ropes.
c – Preparations in pieces: towels,
blankets, clothes, socks, hats, gloves,
etc…
d – Fibrous preparations: medical cotton,
cushions, felt
8/18/2022
 OTHER ACCESSORIES
20

• Are materials of metal, plastic, wood,

Definition paper, etc., which are bonded with fabric to
form clothing in any form.

a – Only luck.
b – Construction glue, mex.
c – Buttons, hooks, buckles, elastic
bands,...
d – Zippers, adhesive hooks,...
e – Beads, lace, lace, edging, chains,
eyelets...
f – Furs, leather, labels, .....
8/18/2022
 1.4.2 Classification by origin, composition
21

Natural fiber group: Chemical fiber group

Organic fiber: Man-made fibers:
- From plants - From cellulose
- From animals - From Algeria
Inorganic fiber: - From milk, corn,
soybeans,
- From minerals Synthetic fiber:
- From meta - Carbon chain group
- Heterovascular group
8/18/2022
 1.4.3 Classification by production method
22

According to this criterion, textile materials are classified according

to production lines or technological principles, they are often
associated with names according to structural characteristics such as:
• Fiber: Natural fiber, genetically modified fiber, truncated fiber,
shortened fiber, continuous fiber, hi-tech fiber….
• Yarn: Carded yarn, combed yarn, combed yarn, OE yarn, ring yarn,
VMS yarn, bobbin yarn, ...., handmade yarn, hi-tech yarn, super
yarn, micro yarn, nano yarn,...
• Fabric: Woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, shrink fabric,
feather scratch fabric, lamination fabric, coated fabric, hi-tech
fabric...
• Clothing: Industrial sewing (garment), tailoring, ....
8/18/2022
 1.4.4 Classification by purpose of use
23

• Used in garment: Products for children, adults, sports,

underwear, outerwear, evening wear, outings, formal
1 wear, uniforms, workwear, ....
• Used in daily life: Interior products, hygiene,
2 decoration, covering, advertising, ....

• Used in industry: composite materials, machine parts,

aviation, marine, aerospace, military, conveyor belts,
3 packaging, insulation materials, sound insulation ...
• Used in other fields: Medical, transportation,
4 construction, agriculture, ....
8/18/2022
 1.5 Basic requirements of textile materials
24

To meet the increasing demand, garment

materials must meet the following basic
requirements:
- Lasting;
- Suitable for intended use.
- Suitable for hygiene and living conditions;
- In accordance with aesthetic tastes;
- Suitable for economic situation.

8/18/2022