PAPER OF

ARGUMENTATIVE 
ESSAY

Tajudin Hudaiby Nizar

NIM. P1337420618057

NERS PROFESSIONAL STUDY SEMARANG 

NURSING DEPARTMENT SEMARANG 
HEALTH POLYTECHNIC OF HEALTH MINISTRY

 2022
 COVID-19

Covid-19 or commonly called Coronavirus Disease 2019 is a new type of highly

contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV-
2) (Cascella et al., 2021). On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO)
declared that the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak was a public health emergency of international
concern (WHO, 2020). The current COVID-19 pandemic has urged the international scientific
community to find answers in terms of therapies and vaccines to control SARS-CoV-2 (Kaur
& Gupta, 2020). According to the Center of Disease Control, vaccine status is divided into 3,
namely fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated and un-vaccinated (CDC, 2021). According to
the National Institutes of Health (NIH, 2021) Covid-19 can be grouped into the following
disease severity categories; asymptomatic, mild symptoms, moderate symptoms, severe
symptoms, and critical.

The Indonesian Ministry of Health noted that as of September 22, 2021, there were
4,198,678 cases since the Covid-19 case entered Indonesia, and 140,954 deaths (Kemkes RI.,
2021). According to Worldometer data, Indonesia has the 8th highest death rate and the
14th highest number of cases in the world. Central Java occupied the 3rd most total cases,
namely 456,579 cases and the highest mortality prevalence in Indonesia with 32,401
(Central Java Provincial Health Office, 2021). Based on data from the Purbalingga Regency
Government, as of March 25, there were 20,673 cases and 1,213 deaths (Purbalingga
Regency Health Office, 2021).

This makes the mortality prevalence in the area as much as 6% which is almost
double the national death rate (Purbalingga District Health Office, 2021). Studies conducted
by WHO suggest that high vaccination coverage can reduce mortality (WHO, 2021).
According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the third dose vaccination rate in
Purbalingga Regency as of April 5, 2022 was only 8.12% of the total population (Ministry of
Health. RI., 2021).

The impact of Covid-19 patients, if not handled properly, will cause disturbances,
namely experiencing ARDS Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Arie Zainul Fatoni, 2021).
Another impact is high mortality, based on data compiled by the government website, the
age group with the highest mortality is over 60 years (Covid-19 Task Force, 2021). One of
the causes of the high mortality of the elderly suffering from Covid-19 is caused by low
vaccination among the elderly (Kemenkes RI, 2021).

According to data from the Ministry of Health as of November 8, the dose of 1

vaccine has just been given to 9,299,745 people or 43% of the total target for the elderly
(Ministry of Health. RI, 2021). Doubts about the effectiveness and safety of vaccines are one
of the reasons for slow vaccination in the community (K. E. Putri et al., 2021). Acceleration
of vaccination is very important considering the Indonesian Ministry of Health predicts that
a third batch will appear in early 2022 (Kemkes. RI., 2021).