Graphs and Relations Worksheet 2

3.
GRAPHS, FUR1 2009 VCAA 4 MC

FURMATHS: GRAPHS AND RELATIONS
The total playing time of three CDs and four DVDs is 690 minutes.
Linear relationships The total playing time of five CDs and seven DVDs is 1192 minutes.
Teacher: Dora Verrocchi All of the CDs have the same playing time as each other and all of the DVDs have the same
Exam Equivalent Time: 111.75 minutes (based on VCE allocation of 2.25 playing time as each other.
min/mark for FUR1, and 1.5 min/mark for FUR2)
Let be the playing time of a CD.
Let be the playing time of a DVD.
Questions The set of simultaneous linear equations that can be solved to find the playing time of a CD
and the playing time of a DVD is
1. GRAPHS, FUR1 2012 VCAA 2 MC
A.
At a convenience store, one doughnut costs $2.40 and one drink costs $3.00.
A customer purchased five doughnuts and a number of drinks at a total cost of $24.00.
B.
The number of drinks purchased was
A.
C.
B.
C.
D.
D.
E.
E.
Steven is a wedding photographer.
He charges his clients a fixed fee of $500, plus $250 per hour of photography. 4. GRAPHS, FUR1 2016 VCAA 2 MC
The equation that represents the total amount, , Steven charges, for hours of A phone company charges a fixed, monthly line rental fee of $28 and $0.25 per call.
photography is
Let be the number of calls that are made in a month.
A.
Let be the monthly phone bill, in dollars.
B.
The equation for the relationship between the monthly phone bill, in dollars, and the number
C. of calls is
D. A.
E. B.
C.
D.
E.
5. GRAPHS, FUR1 2007 VCAA 2 MC 8. GRAPHS, FUR1 2006 VCAA 8 MC
A builder's fee, dollars, can be determined from the rule , where The cost of manufacturing a number of frying pans consists of a fixed cost of $400 plus a
represents the number of hours worked. cost of $50 per frying pan.
According to this rule, the builder's fee will be The manufacturer could break even by selling
A. $60 for 1 hour of work. A. 10 frying pans at $90 each.
B. $110 for 2 hours of work. B. 10 frying pans at $45 each.
C. $500 for 8 hours of work. C. 15 frying pans at $60 each.
D. $550 for 10 hours of work. D. 15 frying pans at $30 each.
E. $1150 for 10 hours of work. E. 20 frying pans at $50 each.

Paul makes rulers. There is a fixed cost of $60 plus a manufacturing cost of $0.20 per ruler. Which one of the following pairs of simultaneous linear equations has no solution?
Last week Paul was able to break even by selling his rulers for $1 each. A.
The number of rulers Paul sold last week was
A.
B.
B.
C.
D.
E.
C.

Bruce and John both work in a factory. They assemble bicycles and scooters.
D.
It takes 45 minutes to assemble a bicycle and 15 minutes to assemble a scooter.
Bruce assembled 7 bicycles and 8 scooters.
In the same time, John assembled 6 bicycles and a number of scooters.
The number of scooters that John assembled is E.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
At the local bakery, the cost of four donuts and six buns is $14.70. The graphs of the linear relations
The cost of three donuts and five buns is $11.90.
At this bakery, the cost of one donut and two buns will be are shown below.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Brian, a landscaping contractor, charges by the hour for his company’s services.
To complete a particular job, he will have to use three workers and pay each of them $20 per
hour. The fixed costs for the job are $150 and it will take four hours to complete the job.
To break even on this job, his hourly charge to the client should be
A.
A point that satisfies both the inequalities
B.
is
C.
A.
D.
B.
E.
C.
D.
E.
Two lines intersect at point on a graph. The cost, , of making kilograms of chocolate fudge is given by .
The equation of one of the lines is The revenue, , from selling kilograms of chocolate fudge is given by .
A particular quantity of chocolate fudge was made and sold. It resulted in a loss of $20.
The coordinates of point could be The number of kilograms of chocolate fudge made and sold was
A. A.
B. B.
C. C.
D. D.
E. E.
To raise funds, a club plans to sell lunches at a weekend market.
The fare, , to travel a distance on kilometres in a taxi is given by the rule
The club will pay $190 to rent a stall.
To travel a distance of 20 kilometres, the taxi fare is $18.20 Each lunch will cost $12 to prepare and will be sold for $35.
To travel a distance of 30 kilometres, the taxi fare is $25.70 To make a profit of at least $1000, the minimum number of lunches that must be sold is
The charge per kilometre, , is A.
A. B.
B. C.
C. D.
D. E.
E.
Amy makes and sells quilts.
The fixed cost to produce the quilts is $800.
Each quilt costs an additional $35 to make.
Amy made and sold a batch of 80 quilts for a profit of $1200.
The selling price of each quilt was
A. $15.00
B. $22.50
C. $30.00
D. $45.00
E. $60.00
The ticket office at a circus sells adult tickets and child tickets: A ride-share company has a fee that includes a fixed cost and a cost that depends on both
the time spent travelling, in minutes, and the distance travelled, in kilometres.
• The Payne family bought two adult tickets and three child tickets for $69.50
• The Tran family bought one adult ticket and five child tickets for $78.50 The fixed cost of a ride is $2.55
• The Saunders family bought three adult tickets and four child tickets.
Judy’s ride cost $16.75 and took eight minutes. The distance travelled was 10 km.
What is the total amount spent by the Saunders family?
Pat’s ride cost $30.35 and took 20 minutes. The distance travelled was 18 km.
A.
Roy’s ride took 10 minutes. The distance travelled was 15 km.
B.
The cost of Roy’s ride was
C.
A. $17.00
D.
B. $19.55
E.
C. $20.50
D. $23.05
E. $25.60
Connor makes 200 meat pies to sell at his local market.
The cost, , of producing pies can be determined from the rule below. 21. GRAPHS, FUR1 2009 VCAA 9 MC
The graph below shows the cost (in dollars) of producing birthday cards.
Connor sells the first 150 pies at full price and sells the remaining 50 pies at half-price.
To break even, the full price of each pie must be closest to
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
If the profit from the sale of 150 birthday cards is $175, the selling price of one card is
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
22. GRAPHS, FUR2 2012 VCAA 1 23. GRAPHS, FUR2 2008 VCAA 2
The cost, , in dollars, of making phones, is shown by the line in the graph below. Tiffany decides to enter a charity event involving running and cycling.
There is a $35 fee to enter.
a. Write an equation that gives the total amount, dollars, collected from entry fees when
there are competitors in the event. (1 mark)
The event costs the organisers $50 625 plus $12.50 per competitor.
b. Write an equation that gives the total cost, , in dollars, of the event when there are
competitors. (1 mark)
c.
i. Determine the number of competitors required for the organisers to break even. (1
mark)
The number of competitors who entered the event was 8670.

ii. Determine the profit made by the organisers. (1 mark)
a.
i. Calculate the gradient of the line, , drawn above. (1 mark)
ii. Write an equation for the cost, , in dollars, of making phones. (1 mark)
b. The revenue, , in dollars, obtained from selling phones is given by .

i. Draw this line on the graph above. (1 mark)
ii. How many phones would need to be sold to obtain $54 000 in revenue? (1 mark)
c. Determine the number of phones that would need to be made and sold to break even. (1
mark)
Anne sells Softsleep pillows for $65 each. The weight of gold can be recorded in either grams or ounces.
a. Write an equation for the revenue, dollars, that Anne receives from the sale of The following graph shows the relationship between weight in grams and weight in ounces.
Softsleep pillows. (1 mark)
b. The cost, dollars, of making Softsleep pillows is given by
Find the cost of making 30 Softsleep pillows. (1 mark)
The revenue, , from the sale of Softsleep pillows is graphed below.
The relationship between weight measured in grams and weight measured in ounces is
shown in the equation
weight in grams = × weight in ounces
c. Draw the graph of on the axes above. (1 mark)
d. How many Softsleep pillows will Anne need to sell in order to break even? (1 mark) a. Show that
(1 mark)
b. Robert found a gold nugget weighing 0.2 ounces.

Using the equation above, calculate the weight, in grams, of this gold nugget. (1 mark)
c. Last year Robert sold gold to a buyer at $55 per gram.

The buyer paid Robert a total of $12 474.
Using the equation above, calculate the weight, in ounces, of this gold. (1 mark)
In one particular week, Harry began with 50 litres of fuel in the tank of his van. Another company, Cheapstar Airlines, uses the two equations below to calculate the total
cost of a flight.
After he had travelled 160 km there were 30 litres of fuel left in the tank of his van.
The passenger fare, in dollars, for a given distance, in km, is calculated using the equation
The amount of fuel remaining in the tank of Harry's van followed a linear trend as shown in
the graph below. fare = + × distance.
The charge, in dollars, for a particular excess luggage weight, in kg, is calculated using the
equation
charge = × (excess luggage weight)².
Suzie will fly 450 km with 15 kg of excess luggage on Cheapstar Airlines.
She will pay $299 for this flight.
Determine the value of . (2 marks)
28. GRAPHS, FUR2 2010 VCAA 2

Anne sells Resteasy pillows.
Last week she sold 35 Softsleep and Resteasy pillows.
The selling price per pillow is shown in Table 1 below.
a. Determine the equation of the line shown in the graph above. (2 marks)
Assume this linear trend continues and that Harry does not add fuel to the tank of his van.
b. How much further will he be able to travel before the tank is empty? (1 mark)
Harry stopped to refuel his van when there were 12 litres of fuel left in the tank.
He completely filled the tank in 3½ minutes when fuel was flowing from the pump at a rate of
18 litres per minute. The total revenue from pillow sales last week was $4275.
c. How much fuel does the tank hold when it is completely full? Find , the number of Resteasy pillows sold. (1 mark)
Write your answer in litres. (1 mark)

The cost, , in dollars, of producing kilograms of tomatoes is given by
The revenue, , in dollars, from selling kilograms of tomatoes is given by
The cost, , for the production of kilograms of tomatoes is graphed below.
a. Determine how many litres of petrol the car will use to travel 100 km at an average speed of
60 km/h.
Write your answer correct to one decimal place. (1 mark)
The following equation models the fuel usage of gas, , in litres per 100 km (L/100 km)
when the car is travelling at an average speed of km/h.
a. On the graph above, draw the revenue equation line, b. On the axes above, draw the line for average speeds up to 110 km/h. (1
. (1 mark) mark)
(Answer on the graph above.) c. Determine the average speeds for which fuel usage of gas will be less than fuel usage of
petrol. (1 mark)
b. What profit will Arthur make if he sells a total of 20 000 kg of tomatoes? (2 marks)
The Goldsmiths' car travels at an average speed of 85 km/h. It is using gas.
Gas costs 80 cents per litre.
d. Determine the cost of the gas used to travel 100 km.
The Goldsmiths car can use either petrol or gas. Write your answer in dollars and cents. (2 marks)
The following equation models the fuel usage of petrol, , in litres per 100 km (L/100 km)
when the car is travelling at an average speed of km/h.
The line is drawn on the graph below for average speeds up to 110 km/h.
A rock-climbing activity will be offered to students at the camp on one afternoon.
Each student who participates will pay $24.
The organisers have to pay the rock-climbing instructor $260 for the afternoon. They also
have to pay an insurance cost of $6 per student.
Let be the total number of students who participate in rock climbing.
a. Write an expression for the profit that the organisers will make in terms of . (1 mark)
b. The organisers want to make a profit of at least $500.

Determine the minimum number of students who will need to participate in rock climbing.
(1 mark)

The cost, , and revenue, , in dollars, for making and selling laptops respectively is
given by
It took Michael seven hours to complete this hike.
cost a. What was Michael's average speed, in kilometres per hour, during this hike?
revenue Write your answer correct to one decimal place. (1 mark)
The equation of Michael's distance-time graph from to is

a. What is the minimum number of laptops that should be made and sold in order to obtain a
profit? (1 mark) b. Determine the value of both and .(2 marks)
The cost of making each laptop increases by $50. Katie hiked along the same track as Michael, but hiked in the opposite direction.
b. The selling price of each laptop will need to increase to offset this cost increase. She begun at the camping ground and hiked towards the national park office.
Find the new selling price of each laptop so that the break-even point occurs when 400
Katie's distance from the national park office, kilometres, after hours of hiking, can be
laptops are made and sold. (1 mark)
determined from the equation

Katie and Michael both starter hiking at the same time.
Michael began his hike at the national park office and followed a track towards a camping c. After how many hours did Katie pass Michael? (1 mark)
ground, 16 km away.
Katie and Michael both carry radio transmitters that allow them to talk to each other while
The distance-time graph below shows Michael's distance from the national park office, hiking.
kilometres, after hours of hiking.
The transmitters will not work if Katie and Michael are more than three kilometres apart.
d. For how many hours during the hike were Michael and Katie able to use the radio
transmitters to talk to each other?
Write your answer in hours correct to two decimal places. (2 marks)
34. GRAPHS, FUR2 2014 VCAA 3 Worked Solutions
A shop owner bought 100 kg of Arthur’s tomatoes to sell in her shop.
She bought the tomatoes for $3.50 per kilogram.
The shop owner will offer a discount to her customers based on the number of kilograms
of tomatoes they buy in one bag.
The revenue, in dollars, that the shop owner receives from selling the tomatoes is given by
where is the number of kilograms of tomatoes that a customer buys in one bag. 2. GRAPHS, FUR1 2018 VCAA 02 MC
a. What is the revenue that the shop owner receives from selling 8 kg of tomatoes in one bag?
(1 mark)
b. Show that has the value 42.8 in the revenue equation above. (1 mark)
c. Find the maximum number of kilograms of tomatoes that a customer can buy in one bag,
so that the shop owner never makes a loss. (2 marks)
VCE Mathematics examination questions reproduced by permission, VCAA. VCE is a registered trademark of the VCAA. The
VCAA does not endorse or make any warranties regarding this study resource. Current and past VCE exams and related
content can be accessed directly at www.vcaa.vic.edu.au.


COMMENT: Realising that

simultaneous equations have
no solution if their gradients
are the same is the key to
solving this question
efficiently..

Mean mark 51%.

♦ Mean mark 48%.

♦ Mean mark 37%.
b.ii.
c.

a.i.
a.ii.
b.i.
a. a.
b. b.
c.i.
c.
c.ii.
d.
a. a.
Mean mark 53%.

MARKER'S COMMENT:
Giving the equation and writing
"solve" did not receive a mark
in part (a).
b.
c.
b.
MARKER'S COMMENT: Parts

(b) and (c) saw many students
miss easy marks by not
reading the question carefully.
c.
a.
b.

a.
b.
a.
b.

a.
♦ Mean mark for all parts

combined was 39%.
c.
MARKER'S COMMENT: Since

fuel usage is less for gas, a
speed of 75 km/hr was
incorrect, as it was equal.
b.
d.
MARKER'S COMMENT: A
common error was to round to
the nearest whole rather than
round up.
a.
b.
♦ Mean mark for all parts

(combined) was 31%.
MARKER'S
COMMENT: Drawing Katie's
graph was a feature of the best
answers here.
c.
d.
♦♦♦ "Few students"

answered this part correctly.
MARKER'S COMMENT:
Students who had drawn
Katie's graph were the most
successful in this part.
a.
♦♦ Mean mark of Q3 (all

parts) was 25%.
b.
c.
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GRAPHS, FUR1 2009 VCAA 4 MC

6. GRAPHS, FUR1 2007 VCAA 4 MC 9. GRAPHS, FUR1 2007 VCAA 8 MC

7. GRAPHS, FUR1 2010 VCAA 7 MC

11. GRAPHS, FUR1 2009 VCAA 8 MC

The charge per kilometre, , is A.

The number of competitors who entered the event was 8670.

b. The revenue, , in dollars, obtained from selling phones is given by .

Find the cost of making 30 Softsleep pillows. (1 mark)

The revenue, , from the sale of Softsleep pillows is graphed below.

b. Robert found a gold nugget weighing 0.2 ounces.

c. Last year Robert sold gold to a buyer at $55 per gram.

28. GRAPHS, FUR2 2010 VCAA 2

Write your answer in litres. (1 mark)

The revenue, , in dollars, from selling kilograms of tomatoes is given by

The cost, , for the production of kilograms of tomatoes is graphed below.

b. The organisers want to make a profit of at least $500.

32. GRAPHS, FUR2 2012 VCAA 2

The equation of Michael's distance-time graph from to is

33. GRAPHS, FUR2 2011 VCAA 2

4. GRAPHS, FUR1 2016 VCAA 2 MC

8. GRAPHS, FUR1 2006 VCAA 8 MC

6. GRAPHS, FUR1 2007 VCAA 4 MC

COMMENT: Realising that

17. GRAPHS, FUR1 2018 VCAA 06 MC

Mean mark 51%.

15. GRAPHS, FUR1 2011 VCAA 5 MC

20. GRAPHS, FUR1 2018 VCAA 08 MC

♦ Mean mark 48%.

♦ Mean mark 37%.

22. GRAPHS, FUR2 2012 VCAA 1

Mean mark 53%.

MARKER'S COMMENT: Parts

28. GRAPHS, FUR2 2010 VCAA 2

30. GRAPHS, FUR2 2007 VCAA 2

32. GRAPHS, FUR2 2012 VCAA 2

♦ Mean mark for all parts

MARKER'S COMMENT: Since

♦ Mean mark for all parts

♦♦♦ "Few students"

♦♦ Mean mark of Q3 (all

Copyright © 2016-2019 M2 Mathematics Pty Ltd (SmarterMaths.com.au)

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