International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 1

CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Phạm Hoàng Lâm – IELSIU21029

PRE-LAB REPORT

Experiment 5: Factors affecting reaction rate

I. Purpose:

 Know about the rate of a reaction and how to calculate it.

 Know about some common factors that affect the chemical rate: Nature, temperature,

pressure, concentration, surface area, and the presence of the catalyst.

 Observe and compare the time of a reaction with many factors affecting the chemical

reaction.

II. Application:

 In the burning of fuels such as coal: If the surface area of the coal is large, it is easy to be

burnt.

 Those factors can be applied in storing food in a fridge in order to limit the biochemical

process.

 In industrial processes, catalyst, temperature, and pressure help to increase the rate of

reaction and make the process smoother and faster.


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III. Method:

1. Effect of concentration of reaction rate:

i. Preparation step:

1. Measure 90mL of 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8 in a cylinder  Pour it into beaker 1.

2. Wash the cylinder  Measure 60mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Pour it into beaker 2.

3. Wash the cylinder  Measure 90mL of 0.2M KI  Pour it into beaker 3.

4. Pour 45mL distilled water into beaker 4.

5. Add 44mL of starch into beaker 5.

ii. Procedure:

1. Solution a: Step 1:

a. Tube 1: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.

b. Tube 2: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.

c. Tube 3: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.

d. Tube 4: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.
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e. Tube 5: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.

f. Tube 6: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 5mL of 0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of

starch.

g. Tube 7: Use a pipette to add 8.5mL of 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur

pipette 1 to add 1.5mL distilled water  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add 5mL of

0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of starch.

h. Tube 8: Use a pipette to add 7mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 3mL distilled water  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add 5mL of 0.005M

Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of starch.

i. Tube 9: Use a pipette to add 5.5mL of 0.1M (NH4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur

pipette 1 to add 4.5mL distilled water  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add 5mL of

0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of starch.

j. Tube 10: Use a pipette to add 4mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur pipette

1 to add 6mL distilled water  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add 5mL of 0.005M

Na2SO3  Use Pasteur pipette 2 to add 4mL of starch.

k. Tube 11: Use a pipette to add 2.5mL of 0.1M (NH 4)2S2O8  Use Pasteur

pipette 1 to add 7.5mL distilled water  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add 5mL of

0.005M Na2SO3  Use Pasteur Pasteur 2 to add 4mL of starch.

2. Solution a: Step 2:
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a. Wash the pipette.

b. Tube 1: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix 

Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.

c. Tube 2: Use a pipette to add 8.5mL of 0.2M KI  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to

add 1.5mL distilled water  Use a stirring rod to mix  Use a watch to time

until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the time.

d. Tube 3: Use a pipette to add 7mL of 0.2M KI  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add

3mL distilled water  Use a stirring rod to mix  Use a watch to time until

there is a deep blue color appears  Record the time.

e. Tube 4: Use a pipette to add 5.5mL of 0.2M KI  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to

add 4.5mL distilled water  Use a stirring rod to mix  Use a watch to time

until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the time.

f. Tube 5: Use a pipette to add 4mL of 0.2M KI  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to add

6mL distilled water  Use a stirring rod to mix  Use a watch to time until

there is a deep blue color appears  Record the time.

g. Tube 6: Use a pipette to add 2.5mL of 0.2M KI  Use Pasteur pipette 1 to

add 7.5mL distilled water  Use a stirring rod to mix  Use a watch to time

until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the time.

h. Tube 7: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix 

Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.
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i. Tube 8: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix 

Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.

j. Tube 9: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix 

Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.

k. Tube 10: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix

 Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.

l. Tube 11: Use a pipette to add 10mL of 0.2M KI  Use a stirring rod to mix

 Use a watch to time until there is a deep blue color appears  Record the

time.

iii. Concentration calculation:

[ KI ]∗V (KI )
1. Iodide ion: [I-] =
V (total)

[(NH 4 )2 S2 O 8 ]∗V (( NH 4 )2 S2 O 8)
2. Peroxydisulfate: [S2O82-] =
V (total )

iv. Plot the data:

1. Iodide ion versus time for mixture 1 to 6.

2. Peroxydisulfate ion versus time for mixture 1, 7 to 11.

2. Effect of temperature on the reaction rate:

i. Tube 1: Wash the Pasteur pipette  Use the Pasteur pipette to put 5mL of 0.33M

H2C2O4 to tube 1. Wash the pipette  Use the pipette to put 1mL of 0.01 KMnO 4 to
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tube 1  Place at room temperature  Use a watch to time until the purple color

disappears  Record the time.

ii. Tube 2: Use the Pasteur pipette to put 5mL of 0.33M H2C2O4 to tube 2. Use the

pipette to put 1mL of 0.01 KMnO 4 to tube 2  Place in a 500C water bath for 3

minutes  Use a watch to time until the purple color disappears  Record the time.

iii. Tube 3: Use the Pasteur pipette to put 5mL of 0.33M H2C2O4 to tube 3. Use the

pipette to put 1mL of 0.01 KMnO 4 to tube 3  Place in a 900C water bath for 3

minutes  Use a watch to time until the purple color disappears  Record the time.

3. Effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate:

i. Preparation: Wash the cylinder  Measure 40mL of 3% H2O2 into a beaker.

ii. Procedure:

1. Tube 1: Wash the pipette  Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1 

Add MnCl2  Use a watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the

time.

2. Tube 2: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H2O2 to tube 1  Add MnO2  Use a

watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.

3. Tube 3: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1  Add NaCl  Use a

watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.

4. Tube 2: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1  Add CaCl2  Use a

watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.

5. Tube 2: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1  Add Zn  Use a

watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.
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6. Tube 2: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1  Add KNO3  Use a

watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.

7. Tube 2: Use the pipette to add 5 mL of 3% H 2O2 to tube 1  Add Fe(NO3)x 

Use a watch to time until the air bubbles appear  Record the time.

8. Ranking the time from fastest to slowest.

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IV. Safety precautions:

 (NH4)2S2O8, KI, and H2O2 are substances that are easy to be decomposed when reacting

with moisture or water. Moreover, KI is more sensitive to light. Therefore, they should be

kept in a container that can prevent them from reacting with moisture and air such as a

vacuum. Experiment 1 with these substances should be done quickly to prevent

decomposition. When doing an experiment with these substances, glasses, gloves, and

blouses should be equipped. If it split on the eye, the eye should be washed with a huge

amount of water immediately, and the victim should be moved to the hospital after that.

However, H2O2 is less poison than those 2 substances as it has the ability to disinfect the

wound. A small notice is that H2O2 should not be dropped in too deep a wound.

 Na2S2O3 is a nearly non-poison substance. However, it is still poison when reacts to the

eye and skin, causing some irritations. Therefore, gloves and glasses should be equipped

when experimenting with this substance.

 Some acids that can be dangerous to the human body such as H 2C2O4 and H2SO4. People

who do experiment with these substances should be aware and careful with them. If they

split on hand, wash them with a huge amount of water and try to prevent touching them.
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CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

V. Suggested questions:

1. What is the objective of today’s lab work?

 Know about the rate of a reaction and how to calculate it.

Know about some common factors that affect the chemical rate: Nature, temperature,

pressure, concentration, surface area, and the presence of the catalyst.

Observe and compare the time of a reaction with many factors affecting the chemical

reaction.

2. What is the rate of a chemical reaction?

 The rate of a chemical reaction describes how fast and slow the reaction occurs.

3. How can the rate of a reaction be determined?

 It is expressed under the concentration of a product that is formed over time or the

concentration of a product that is used over time. Or it can also be defined as the rate of

change of a reactant or product over the coefficient from the balanced chemical equation.

4. What is the unit expression of reaction rate?

 The unit is mol/Ls, or a more common way is M/s.

5. Please list out factors that can affect the rate of a reaction.

 Factors that can affect the rate of a reaction are concentration, temperature, pressure, and

the presence of a catalyst.

6. How does temperature affect the reaction rate?

 In a chemical reaction, if the temperature is increased, the reaction will occur faster as

the interaction between molecules increases making the rate of change increase and more

products are formed.

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7. How does the concentration of reactants affect the reaction rate?

 If there is a raise in the concentration or more reactants, the rate of change of the

chemical reaction will increase, making more product formed and the reaction occurs

more rapidly.

8. What is a catalyst? Is it consumed during the reaction?

 A catalyst is a chemical substance that is able to speed up the chemical reaction or make

temperature and pressure in the right condition to start the reaction. Catalyst is not

consumed during the process; it is just a substance that facilitates the reaction.

9. In part 1, what is the role of starch? Please explain.

10. In part 2, please predict the outcome of the experiment.

Description of conditions Predicted outcome

Room temperature Nothing changes at first, wait about 1-2

minutes for KMnO4 to lose its color

500C

900C