RFID & PASSCODE BASED DOOR LOCK WITH

GSM BASED ALERT SYSTEM

PROJECT REPORT
by

RAHUL SAJEETH MOHAN (VJC18EC043)

JOSEPH JAMES (VJC18EC034)

JOSE K JOYES (VJC18EC033)

to

APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

VISWAJYOTHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

VAZHAKULAM

2018 – 2022 BATCH

JANUARY 2021
VISWAJYOTHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

VAZHAKULAM
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Vision
Moulding Electronics Engineers with Professional Competence and Global Outlook

Mission
1. To create a vibrant academic ambience conducive for progressive learning.
2. Build up excellent infrastructure and lab facilities to train the students in the current
and emerging technologies.
3. Maintain well qualified faculty who are willing to upgrade their knowledge
continuously.
4. Groom students towards successful careers by facilitating industry-institute
relationships and value addition through regular skill-development program.

Program Educational Objectives

Our graduates shall be,

1. Suitably employed in allied industries/services with professional competency and

knowledge of modern tools.
2. Capable of developing economically viable, technically feasible, eco-friendly
electronic systems.
3. Capable to pursue higher studies/research in the field of engineering and management.

Program Outcomes
1. Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
2. Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles
of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

3. Design / Development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering

problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs
with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations.

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and

research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.

5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.

6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.

7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional

engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.

8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of the engineering practice.

9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or

leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments.

12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

Program Specific Outcomes

Our graduates shall be able to,

1. Design and modify embedded system based products which will find applications in
the fields of communication and automation.
2. Develop algorithms for real life applications in signal and image processing.
3. Design efficient low power electronic circuits.
 DECLARATION
We undersigned hereby declare that the project “RFID and Passcode Based Door Lock with
GSM based Alert System”, submitted for partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award
of Degree of Bachelor of Technology of the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University,
Kerala is a bonafide work done by us under supervision of Mrs. Anitta Thomas, Assistant
Professor, Department of ECE. This submission represents our ideas in my own words and
where ideas or words of others have been included, we have adequately and accurately cited
and referenced the original sources. We also declare that we have adhered in ethics of academic
honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated any data or idea or fact or
source in my submission we understand that any violation of the above will be a cause for
disciplinary action by the institute and/or the University and can also evoke penal action from
the sources which have thus not been properly cited or from whom proper permission has not
been obtained. This report has not been previously formed the basis for the award of any degree,
diploma or similar title of any other University.

Place: Vazhakulam Rahul Sajeeth Mohan

Joseph James

Date: 27.01.2021 Jose K Joyes

 VISWAJYOTHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

VAHAKULAM
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the report entitled “RFID and Passcode Based Door Lock with

GSM Based Alert System” submitted by JOSE K JOYES(VJC18EC033),

JOSEPH JAMES(VJC18EC034) and RAHUL SAJEETH MOHAN(VJC18EC043) to the
APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communications
Engineering is a bonafide record of the project work carried out by them under my guidance
and supervision. This report in any form has not been submitted to ant other university or
institute for any purpose.

Date: 27.01.2021

Place: Vazhakulam

Mrs. Anitta Thomas Mrs. Smitha Cyriac

Design Project in-charge Head of Department

Assistant Professor Dept. of ECE, VJCET

Dept. of ECE, VJCET

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, we thank God almighty for his divine grace and blessings in making all this
possible. May he continue to lead us in the years to come. It is our privilege to render our
heartfelt thanks and gratitude to our most beloved manager, Msgr. Dr. Cherian
Kanjirakombil and our Principal, Dr. K K Rajan for providing us the opportunity to do this
Main Project during the third year (July 2020 – January 2021) of our B-Tech Degree course.
We are deeply thankful to our Head of the Department, Mrs. Smitha Cyriac for her support
and encouragement. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our Project guide
Mrs. Anitta Thomas, Asst. Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering for her motivation, assistance and help for the project. We also thank all the staff
members of the Electronics and Communication Engineering for providing their assistance and
support. Last, but not the least we thank all our friends and family for their valuable feedback
from time to time as well as their help and encouragement.

RAHUL SAJEETH MOHAN

JOSEPH JAMES
JOSE K JOYES
 ABSTRACT
RFID, Radio Frequency Identification is an inexpensive technology, that can be
implemented for several applications such as security, asset tracking, people tracking,
inventory detection, access control applications etc. The main objective of the project is to
design and implement a digital security system which can employed in a typical door lock
through which only authentic personal can enter.

The project implements a security system containing a door locking system using
passive type of RFID which can activate, authenticate, and validate the user and unlock the
door in real time for secure access. The advantage of using passive RFID is that it functions
without a battery and passive tags are lighter and are less expensive than the active tags.

Furthermore, a password is also added for additional security purposes. A centralized

system (microcontroller) manages the controlling, transaction and operation task. The door
locking system functions in real time as the door open quickly when user put their tag in contact
of reader and enters the right passcode. Additionally, a GSM module is added to receive live
feedback from the RFID sensor as to which tags scanned. GSM module send active SMS
feedback to the admin, detailing the UID’s of the cards scanned and the time of scanning.
 CONTENTS
Name Page No.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS i

LIST OF FIGURES ii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVE 1

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY 2

2.1 PASSWORD BASED SYSTEMS 2

2.2 BIOMETRIC BASED SYSTEMS 2
2.3 GSM BASED SYSTEMS 3
2.4 SMART CARD BASED SYSTEMS 3
2.5 RFID BASED SYSTEMS 3
2.6 DOOR PHONE BASED SYSTEMS 4
2.7 BLUETOOTH BASED SYSTEMS 4
2.8 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES BASED SYSTEMS 4
2.9 OTP BASED SYSTEMS 5
2.10 MOTION SENSOR BASED SYSTEMS 5
2.11 VB BASED SYSTEMS 5
2.12 COMBINED SYSTEMS 5

CHAPTER 3: PROJECT OVERVIEW 6

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM & CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC 6

3.2 PROJECT WORKING 7
3.3 COMPONENTS USED 8
3.4.1 ARDUINO UNO 8
3.4.2 12C LCD DISPLAY 9
3.4.3 MFRC522 RFID READER 9
3.4.4 RFID TAGS 10
3.4.5 SG90 SERVO MOTOR 11
3.4.6 4X4 KEYPAD 11
3.4.7 SIM900 GSM MODULE 12
3.4.8 12V PIEZO BUZZER 13
 3.4.9 LED’S 13

CHAPTER 4: SOFTWARE AND CODING 14

4.1 SOFTWARE USED 14

4.2 LIBRARIES USED 15
4.3 TYPES OF CODES WRITTEN 15

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 16

REFERENCES 17
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

• GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

• GSM: Global System for Mobile communication
• i2c: Inter-Integrated Circuits
• LCD: Liquid Crystal Display
• LED: Light Emitting Diode
• OTP: One Time Password
• RFID: Radio Frequency Identification
• SMS: Short Message Service
• SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface
• UART: Universal Asynchronous Reciever-Transmitter
• UID: Unique Identification

i
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Name Page No.

1 Block Diagram 6

2 Circuit Schematic 7

3 Arduino Uno R3 8

4 LCD Display with i2c Module 9

5 MFRC522 RFID Reader 10

6 Passive RFID Tags 10

7 SG90 Servo Motor 11

8 4x4 Keypad and its Matrix 12

9 SIM900 GSM Module 12

10 12v Piezo Buzzer 13

11 LED 13

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 RFID and Password based Door Lock with GSM based Alert System

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

RFID, Radio Frequency Identification is a fundamental and inexpensive technology

that enables wireless data transmission. This technology has not been very often used in
industry due to lack of standardization among the manufacturing companies earlier. RFID
technologies are efficient and secure compare to other networks. With RFID, wireless
automatic identification takes a very specific form: the object, location, or individual is marked
with a unique identifier code contained with an RFID tag, which is in some way attached to or
embedded in the target.

RFID is not a single product but a comprehensive system, a typical RFID system
include three basic elements: RFID tag (transponder), reader (transceiver) and back-end
application system (or database), which demands the support of the computer network. The
software is used for management, controlling, transaction, operation and maintaining record of
the various users. A digital door locking system is implemented and governed by RFID reader
which authenticate and validate the user and open the door automatically. The RFID reader is
further assisted by a passcode which the user needs to enter correctly after scanning the RFID
tag in order to enter through the door.

1.1 OBJETIVE

The objective of this project is to create a secure door locking mechanism wherein the
user needs to have the right RFID tag in order to clear the first round of security and then needs
to correctly enter a 4-digit passcode in order to pass the second round of security.
Furthermore, a GSM Module is used to give feedback in the form of an SMS
notification to the admin, such that they can see who all tries to tag their cards and the time at
which they tag it.
This reinforced system ensures that only the required personnel enter through the door.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
Door lock security systems are classified based on technology used such as: -

1) Password based, 2) Biometric based, 3) GSM based, 4) Smart Card based,

5) RFID based, 6) Door phone based, 7) Bluetooth based, 8) Social networking sites based,
9) OTP based, 10) Motion detector based, 11) VB based, 12) Combined system.

2.1 PASSWORD BASED SYSTEMS

The programmable electronic code lock device is programmed in such a way that it will
operate only with the correct entry of predefined digits. It is also called an integrated
combinational type lock. Electronic safe is its example. Based on the programmable
electronic code lock, the reprogrammable digital door locks were invented in that the
password can change any time as it stored in PROM. In latest password-based system, a
more advanced system is developed which communicates with the owner of the office or
house, when any unauthorized person tries to open the code, by giving correct code as well.
While closing the door of office/home, the owner has to press the “0” key available on the
hex keypad and leave the system.

2.2 BIOMETRIC BASED SYSTEMS

The palmtop recognition is the next step for fingerprint recognition. It operates on the
image of palmtop. Firstly, system takes an image of the palmtop then it works on that image
by partitioning it and process is required. At the end, verify the right person. Hence, it
reduces the chances of error in other human recognition methods and clarifies the problems
which were faced in the fingerprint recognition. The biometric technique is very useful in
bank lockers. Except fingerprint recognition the vein detector and iris scanner give best and
accurate result so, in the bank security system, microcontroller continuously monitors the
Vein Detector and Iris Scanner through keypad authenticated codes. During night the
wireless motion detector will be active, if any variation occurs in its output, it will be sensed
by the controller and alert sounds will be given by it.

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2.3 GSM BASED SYSTEMS

In many door lock security systems, GSM is used for communication purpose. The
purpose of a work cultivated by utilization of a circuits like a GSM module which gets
activated by a controller for sending SMS in emergency to proprietor and for sending
corresponding services of security at the time of break in. For detecting obstacles, the
system requires various sensors. It gathers data from the sensors and settles on a choice.
With the help of GSM module, sends SMS to a respective number. A recently created
model for security of door easily controlled like remote control operations by a GSM hand
set acts as the transmitter and the other GSM phone set with the DTMF associated with the
motor attached to door with the use of DTMF decoder, a stepper motor and microcontroller
unit.

2.4 SMART CARD BASED SYSTEMS

A model entryway security framework is intended to permit an authorized person for
getting a safe (without need of any key) entryway where valid card of smart RFID is
necessary for ensuring the pass of the door. Total control activity is performed by the
microcontroller.

2.5 RFID BASED SYSTEMS

These types of security systems used for digital door lock are utilizing inactive RFID
tags (passive). With the help of this, it ensures that only valid person can get entry. Such
systems are working in real time basic for opening the door in which user have to place the
tag in contact with RFID detector, then the entryway gets opens and in the central server
the registration data is stored with necessary data of the users. Attendance and person
tracking is possible by using such type of system. This system ought to have the capacity
to minimize the trained or specialized human error during secured door access. Latest RFID
based door lock security system are based on arduino platform with audio
acknowledgement at the point when card put close to the RFID module, it peruses the card
data and it matches with the data stored in the program memory and shows
authorize/unauthorized entry.

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2.6 DOOR PHONE BASED SYSTEMS

The earlier system, a specific system in which identification of a visitant is done for the
most part by direct communication with the set of the housing estate concerned. A dialling
up to the sets over the handsfree telephone is created by the framework at the entryway.
Visitors enter inside through the gate by controlling the gate with the help of the telephone
set. The latest system is based on video door phone surveillance which is used to identify
the visitors. The work utilized a novel powerline communication chip for build up a digital
networked video door phone. Moreover, they exchanged audio and visual information and
upgraded the passageway guarding capacities.

2.7 BLUETOOTH BASED SYSTEMS

Bluetooth based system is a bit like savvy house innovations that utilizes Bluetooth
function available in smart devices. The framework using Bluetooth turns out to be simpler
and more productive for proper utilization. Such systems are generally based on Arduino
platform. The hardware of such framework is the combo of android smart phone and
Bluetooth module. Arduino microcontroller here is acting as a controller and solenoid can
be acting as output of locking system.

2.8 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE BASED SYSTEMS

A specific work, the digitalization and safety perspectives were accomplished by
utilizing the phone device and web camera. The model can empower a pin to close and
open a door from allotted region using SMS from a (social networking site) like Facebook,
WhatsApp etc. Recently, a new digital door lock system gets designed which detects the
unknown physical contact of a visitant then immediately informs to the owner through the
smart phone. At the moment, if wrong password gets detected more than the specified
times, the system catches the picture of the unknown visitant and sends it to the owner
through smart device. In this manner, increases the strength of the security function.

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2.9 OTP BASED SYSTEMS

The proposed method in latest work does not need administrator’s help to access the
facility if the user knows OTP technique and has a registered mobile phone. Likewise, the OTP
is generated and sent to the proprietor’s mobile phone whenever user requests to access facility.
Then the OTP should enter through keypad on the door, the door will open. In case if the mobile
is not available or off then the option to open the door is to answer the security question ask by
system.

2.10 MOTION SENSOR BASED SYSTEMS

The Motion Detector System working is based on the principle of amount of light
falling on the photodiode. At the point when the laser light is falling constantly on the
photodiode, its reading is 255 in decimals. But when it’s hindered by deterrent, the voltage falls
less than 50 in decimals. This flames the alarm and gives notification to the owner about the
break in and automatic lock can be activated.

2.11 VB BASED SYSTEMS

Electronic eye represents the model for capturing the door images with the help of
microcontroller to ensure the safety for offices and houses. In this system, the image gets
captured when the door is opened and these images are displayed by using VB application on
computing system.

2.12 COMBINED SYSTEMS

Nowadays, most security systems involve a combination of two or more different types
of security techniques. Using such combinations, the overall security of a system can be greatly
improved.

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CHAPTER 3
PROJECT OVERVIEW

The simplest explanation for the ‘RFID and Passcode Based Door Lock with GSM
Based Alert System’ is that it is a triple-security, efficient and reliable security system
which controls the locking and unlocking of a door lock. The system requires the use of the
right RFID tags and the input of the correct password. The admin also has master control
over the system. The admin can open/close the door lock by sending an SMS to the
microcontroller via the GSM module.

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM AND CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC

The below shown block diagram shows the inter-communication between the
components of the system. The circuit schematic shows a rough idea of the completed
circuit with all the wiring done.

Figure 1: Block Diagram

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 RFID and Password based Door Lock with GSM based Alert System

Figure 2: Circuit Schematic

3.2 PROJECT WORKING

• When the device is powered ON, the user will notice 2 things. Firstly, the yellow
LED will be ON and secondly, the LCD Display will read “Door is Locked. Scan
your Tag”.
• At this point, the device will be actively searching for RFID tags at the RFID reader.
The user is then required to scan his/her personal RFID tag.
• From here, 3 cases can occur.
CASE 1: - If the user scans an unrecognised RFID tag, the Red LED will turn
on and the Buzzer will emit an alarming sound and the LCD Display will read “Wrong
Tag Shown. Access Denied”.
CASE 2: - If the user scans a recognized RFID Tag, the Green LED will turn
ON and the LCD Display will read “Tag Matched. Enter Password”. Now the user is
required to enter the password. If the user enters the wrong password, the Red LED will
turn ON and the Buzzer will emit an alarming sound and the LCD Display will read
“Wrong Password. Access Denied”.

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CASE 3: - If the user scans a recognized RFID Tag, the Green LED will turn
ON and the LCD Display will read “Tag Matched. Enter Password”. Now the user is
required to enter the password. If the user enters the correct password, the Green LED
will turn on and the LCD Display will read “Password Accepted” and the Door Lock
will unlock with the help of the servo motor.
• If the door is opened, then an SMS will be sent to the admin saying “Door Opened”.
• If an incorrect password was entered, then an SMS will be sent to the admin saying
“Someone tried to enter with a wrong passcode”.
• Furthermore, the admin can send messages “Open” and “Close” to open/close the
door.
•
3.3 COMPONENTS USED

The components used in the making of the project are: -

3.4.1 ARDUINO UNO R3

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It
has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6
analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to
get started.

Figure 3: Arduino Uno R3

In this project the Arduino Uno will serve as the brain of the system. It
will control all the other components, process all the data, and send out

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 RFID and Password based Door Lock with GSM based Alert System

appropriate commands based on the inputs it receives. Basically, put the

Arduino Uno is at the centre of the whole project.

3.4.2 I2C LCD DISPLAY

It is a 16x2 LCD display screen with I2C interface. It is able to display
16x2 characters on 2 lines, white characters on blue background. Usually,
Arduino LCD display projects will run out of pin resources easily, especially
with Arduino Uno. And it is also very complicated with the wire soldering and
connection. This I2C 16x2 Arduino LCD Screen is using an I2C communication
interface. It means it only needs 4 pins for the LCD display: VCC, GND, SDA,
SCL. It will save at least 4 digital/analog pins on Arduino. All connectors are
standard XH2.54 (Breadboard type). You can connect with the jumper wire
directly.

Figure 4: LCD Display with I2C Module

In this project, this device will serve as the text output for the user. It
will contain the instructions and the prompts which the user has to follow.

3.4.3 MFRC522 RFID READER

The RC522 is a 13.56MHz RFID module that is based on the MFRC522
controller from NXP semiconductors. The module can support I2C, SPI and
UART and normally is shipped with a RFID card and key fob. It is commonly
used in attendance systems and other person/object identification applications.

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Figure 5: MFRC522 RFID Reader

In this project, the MFRC522 Reader is what scans the RFID tag and
determines whether the UID Tag of the RFID card matches or not.

3.4.4 RFID TAGS

RFID tags are a type of tracking system that uses smart barcodes in order
to identify items. RFID is short for “radio frequency identification,” and as such,
RFID tags utilize radio frequency technology. These radio waves transmit data
from the tag to a reader, which then transmits the information to an RFID
computer program. An RFID tag works by transmitting and receiving
information via an antenna and a microchip — also sometimes called an
integrated circuit or IC. The microchip on an RFID reader is written with
whatever information the user wants.

Figure 6: Passive RFID Tags

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These are simply a number of RFID tags with different UID codes. The
desired cards can be used to open the doors depending on what the designer
wants.

3.4.5 SG90 SERVO MOTOR

Micro Servo Motor SG90 is a tiny and lightweight server motor with
high output power. Servo can rotate approximately 180 degrees (90 in each
direction), and works just like the standard kinds but smaller.

Figure 7: SG90 Servo Motor

In this project, the servo motor is driven by the Arduino Uno and is
connected to the door lock. Based on the info received from the controller, the
motor either opens the lock or keeps it locked.

3.4.6 4X4 KEYPAD

Keypad 4x4 is used for loading numerical into the microcontroller. It
consists of 16 buttons arranged in a form of an array containing four lines and
four columns. It is connected to the development system by regular IDC 10
female connector plugged in some development system's port. a 4X4 KEYPAD
will have EIGHT TERMINALS. In them four are ROWS of MATRIX and four
are COLUMNS of MATRIX. These 8 PINS are driven out from 16 buttons
present in the MODULE. Those 16 alphanumeric digits on the MODULE
surface are the 16 buttons arranged in MATRIX formation.

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Figure 8: 4x4 Keypad and its Matrix

In this project the 4x4 keypad is used by the user to enter the passcode
into the micro controller.

3.4.7 SIM900 GSM MODULE

The SIM900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS solution in a SMT
module which can be embedded in the customer applications. Featuring an
industry-standard interface, the SIM900 delivers GSM/GPRS
850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice, SMS, Data, and Fax in a
small form factor and with low power consumption. With a tiny configuration
of 24mm x 24mm x 3 mm, SIM900 can fit almost all the space requirements in
your M2M application, especially for slim and compact demand of design.

Figure 9: SIM900 GSM Module

In this project, the GSM module is used to send and receive SMS messages to
and from the admin and the system.

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3.4.8 12v PIEZO BUZZER

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be
mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses
of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers, and confirmation of user
input such as a mouse click or keystroke.

Figure 10: Piezo Buzzer

In this project the buzzer acts as the alarming system, which lets the user
know if the card/passcode has been denied.

3.4.9 LED’s
Light-emitting diodes are elements for light signalization in electronics.
The basic principle behind the working of LED is electroluminescence. The
Light emitting diode should be forward biased to get the light. In Light emitting
diodes, electrons are injected from low work function cathode to the conduction
band of the n-type semiconducting material and holes are injected from high
work function anode to the valence band of the p-type semiconducting material.

Figure 11: LED

In this project, the LED’s acts as visual feedback to the user.

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CHAPTER 4
SOFTWARE AND CODING

This chapter deals with the software and libraries used as well the types of codes
written for the system to function

4.1 SOFTWARE USED

Arduino IDE (C/C++)

The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a cross-platform

application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in functions from C and C++.
It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino compatible boards, but also, with
the help of third-party cores, other vendor development boards. The source code for the
IDE is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2. The Arduino IDE
supports the languages C and C++ using special rules of code structuring. The Arduino
IDE supplies a software library from the Wiring project, which provides many common
input and output procedures. User-written code only requires two basic functions, for
starting the sketch and the main program loop, that are compiled and linked with a
program stub main() into an executable cyclic executive program with the GNU
toolchain, also included with the IDE distribution. The Arduino IDE employs the
program avrdude to convert the executable code into a text file in hexadecimal encoding
that is loaded into the Arduino board by a loader program in the board's firmware. By
default, avrdude is used as the uploading tool to flash the user code onto official
Arduino boards.

With the rising popularity of Arduino as a software platform, other vendors

started to implement custom open-source compilers and tools (cores) that can build and
upload sketches to other microcontrollers that are not supported by Arduino's official
line of microcontrollers. In October 2019 the Arduino organization began providing
early access to a new Arduino Pro IDE with debugging and other advanced features.

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4.2 LIBRARIES USED

• MFRC522.h
• LiquidCrystal_I2C.h
• Keypad.h
• Servo.h
• SPI.h
• SoftwareSerial.h

4.3 TYPES OF CODES WRITTEN

• To test the working of the MFRC522 RFID Reader.
• To extract the UID code of the RFID tags.
• To test the working of the 4x4 Keypad.
• To test the working of the I2C LCD Display.
• To test the working of the SG90 Servo Motor.
• To test the working of SIM900 GSM Module.
• To test the functionality of the Arduino Uno R3 dev board.
• Main Function Coding (Final Code)

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 RFID and Password based Door Lock with GSM based Alert System

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

In a world where privacy and security have become a huge concern, the introduction of
advanced security systems is a warm welcome. The most basic definition of any security
system is generated from its name; it is literally a means or method by which something is
secured through a system of interworking components and devices.

The objective of this project was to create a highly secure and efficient door locking
mechanism which has 3 times the security. The device we made is capable of keeping out
unwanted parties. Only the authorized personnel may enter through the door. Further, the
admin is capable of manually opening and closing the door lock.

Our product is cost effective, easy to use and manage, and is capable of being
implemented in existing systems as an additional security feature.

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 RFID and Password based Door Lock with GSM based Alert System

REFERENCES

[1] Olarewaju .I. K, Ayodele, O. E, Michael. F. O, Alaba. E. S, Abiodun. R. O,

2017. “Design and Construction of an Automatic Home Security System Based on
GSM Technology and Embedded Microcontroller Unit”, American Journal of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 25-32, Doi:
10.11648/j.ajece.20170101.14

[2] “History of Security Alarms”, http://www.icee.org/organization/history center/fire

alarm.html

[3] https://lastminuteengineers.com/sim900-gsm-shield-arduino-tutorial/

[4] https://randomnerdtutorials.com/sim900-gsm-gprs-shield-arduino/

[5] https://www.electronics-lab.com/project/using-sg90-servo-motor-arduino/

[6] https://www.electronicwings.com/arduino/4x4-keypad-interfacing-with-arduino-uno

[7] https://lastminuteengineers.com/how-rfid-works-rc522-arduino-tutorial/

[8] https://randomnerdtutorials.com/security-access-using-mfrc522-rfid-reader-with-
arduino/

[9] https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/libraries/mfrc522/

[10] https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/

[11] https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/arduino_uno_guy/i2c-liquid-crystal-displays-
5b806c

[12] https://www.rfidjournal.com/faq/whats-the-difference-between-passive-and-active-
tags#:~:text=Active%20RFID%20tags%20have%20a,source%20(typically%20a%20
battery).&text=Passive%20tags%20have%20no%20battery,current%20in%20the%20
tag's%20antenna.

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