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Periodic Control of Power Electronic Converters

Book · February 2017

DOI: 10.1049/PBPO082E

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Keliang Zhou Danwei Wang

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Nanyang Technological University
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Yongheng Yang F. Blaabjerg

Zhejiang University Aalborg University
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Periodic Control of Power
Electronic Converters
A key issue for power electronic converters is the ability to tackle periodic
signals in electrical power processing to precisely and flexibly convert and
regulate electrical power.
This book provides complete analysis and synthesis methods for periodic
control systems. It covers the control, compensation, and filtering of periodic
signals in power electronic signal processing and proposes a unified
framework for housing periodic control schemes for power converters,
providing a general proportional-integral-derivative control solution to
periodic signal compensation in extensive engineering applications – a
perfect periodic control solution for power electronic conversion. It provides
a number of demonstrative practical examples of the application of periodic
control to: standalone constant-voltage-constant-frequency (CVCF) single-
phase Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) inverters; standalone CVCF single-
phase High Frequency Link (HFL) inverters; standalone CVCF three-phase
PWM inverters; grid-connected single-phase inverters; grid-connected single-
phase “Cycloconverter” type HFL rectifiers; grid-connected three-phase PWM
inverters; programmable AC power sources; shunt active power filters; and
UPS systems.
Periodic Control of Power Electronic Converters is of key importance for
researchers and engineers in the field of power electronic converter systems
and their applications, for control specialists exploring new applications of
control theory in power electronics, and for advanced university students in
these fields.
The Institution of Engineering and Technology
www.theiet.org
978-1-84919-932-2
Power and Energy Series 82
Electronic Converters
Periodic Control of Power
Periodic Control of
Keliang Zhou is a Senior Member of the IEEE,
and a Senior Lecturer at the University of Glasgow,
Scotland, where his research is focused on power
electronics and electric drives, control theory and
Power Electronic
Converters
applications, renewable energy and distributed
generation, and smart grid technologies.
Danwei Wang is a Senior Member of the IEEE,
and Professor at Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore. His research interests include health
monitoring, fault diagnosis and prognosis for
electrical machines, as well as robotics.
Yongheng Yang is an Assistant Professor at
Aalborg University, Denmark; his research interests
include renewable energy systems, power
converter design, analysis and control, harmonics
identification and mitigation, and reliability in
power electronics.
Frede Blaabjerg is an IEEE Fellow and Professor
in power electronics and drives at Aalborg
University, Department of Energy Technology,
Denmark; his research interests include power
electronics, power converters, adjustable speed
drives, control theory, process control, power
quality, power electronics reliability as well as
renewable energy like solar power and wind
energy. He has published many journal papers
and is among the most 250 cited in Engineering
according to Thomson Reuter. He is the recipient of
and Blaabjerg
Zhou, Wang, Yang
the IEEE William E. Newell Power Electronics award.
Keliang Zhou, Danwei Wang,
Yongheng Yang and
Frede Blaabjerg
 Contents

Preface ix

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Trends in electrical power systems 1
1.1.2 Role of power electronics 3
1.1.3 Control of power electronic systems 5
1.2 Periodic control of power converters 10
1.2.1 Basic control problem for power converters 11
1.2.2 Internal model principle (IMP) 12
1.2.3 Internal model principle-based periodic control 15
1.2.4 Periodic control of power converters 17
1.3 What is in this book 19
References 20

2 Fundamental periodic control 27

Abstract 27
2.1 Repetitive control (RC) 27
2.1.1 Internal model of any periodic signal 27
2.1.2 Classic RC scheme 28
2.1.3 Digital RC system and design 30
2.1.4 Two alternative RC schemes 37
2.2 Multiple resonant control (MRSC) 39
2.2.1 Internal models of harmonics 39
2.2.2 MRSC scheme 40
2.2.3 Digital MRSC system and design 41
2.2.4 RSC – Generalized integrator for sinusoidal signals 43
2.3 Discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based RC 45
2.3.1 DFT-based internal model of interested harmonics 45
2.3.2 DFT-based RC scheme 47
2.3.3 DFT-based RC system and design 48
2.3.4 Modified DFT-based RC scheme 49
2.4 Basis function 50
2.5 Summary 53
References 54
vi Periodic control of power electronic converters

3 Advanced periodic control for power harmonics mitigation 59

Abstract 59
3.1 Parallel structure repetitive control (PSRC) 59
3.1.1 Complex internal model of selective harmonics 60
3.1.2 Parallel structure RC 61
3.1.3 Digital PSRC system and design 65
3.2 Selective harmonic control (SHC) 71
3.2.1 Real internal model of selective harmonics 71
3.2.2 Selective harmonic control 73
3.2.3 Digital SHC system and design 74
3.3 Optimal harmonic control (OHC) 79
3.3.1 Optimal harmonic control 79
3.3.2 Digital OHC system and design 80
3.4 Summary 81
References 83

4 Periodic control of power converters 87

Abstract 87
4.1 Periodic control (PC) of CVCF single-phase PWM inverters 87
4.1.1 Background 87
4.1.2 Modeling and control of single-phase PWM inverters 88
4.1.3 Experimental validation 93
4.1.4 Conclusion 106
4.2 PC of CVCF single-phase high-frequency link (HFL)
inverters 108
4.2.1 Background 108
4.2.2 Modeling and control of single-phase HFL inverters 109
4.2.3 Experimental validation 111
4.2.4 Conclusion 113
4.3 PC of CVCF three-phase PWM inverters 114
4.3.1 Background 114
4.3.2 Modeling and control of CVCF three-phase
PWM inverters 116
4.3.3 Experimental validation 118
4.3.4 Conclusion 122
4.4 PC of grid-connected single-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters 123
4.4.1 Background 123
4.4.2 Modeling and control of grid-connected single-phase PV
inverters 124
4.4.3 Experimental validation 127
4.4.4 Conclusion 130
4.5 PC of grid-connected single-phase HFL rectifiers 131
4.5.1 Background 131
4.5.2 Modeling and control of grid-connected single-phase
‘‘Cycloconverter’’ HFL rectifiers 132
4.5.3 Experimental validation 135
4.5.4 Conclusion 138
 Contents vii

4.6 PC of grid-connected three-phase PWM inverters 138

4.6.1 Background 138
4.6.2 Modeling and control of grid-connected three-phase
PWM inverters 139
4.6.3 Experimental validation 141
4.6.4 Conclusion 146
4.7 Summary 147
References 147

5 Frequency-adaptive periodic control 153

Abstract 153
5.1 Frequency-adaptive fundamental periodic control 154
5.1.1 Resonant control (RSC) 154
5.1.2 Direct frequency-adaptive RSC 155
5.1.3 Delay-based classic repetitive control (CRC) 157
5.1.4 Frequency-adaptive CRC with a fixed sampling rate 158
5.1.5 Frequency-adaptive CRC system and design 162
5.2 Frequency-adaptive advanced periodic control 163
5.2.1 Frequency-adaptive parallel structure repetitive
control (PSRC) 163
5.2.2 Frequency-adaptive selective harmonic control (SHC) 165
5.2.3 Frequency-adaptive optimal harmonic control (OHC) 166
5.3 Frequency-adaptive discrete Fourier transform-based RC 167
5.4 Fractional-order phase-lead compensator 172
5.5 Summary 174
References 175

6 Frequency-adaptive periodic control of power converters 181

Abstract 181
6.1 Frequency-adaptive periodic control (FAPC) of programmable
AC power sources 181
6.1.1 Background 181
6.1.2 Modeling and control of three-phase PWM inverters 182
6.1.3 Experimental validation 184
6.1.4 Conclusion 188
6.2 FAPC of grid-connected PV inverters 189
6.2.1 Background 189
6.2.2 Modeling and control of grid-connected PV inverters 190
6.2.3 Experimental validation 192
6.2.4 Conclusion 198
6.3 FAPC of shunt active power filters 199
6.3.1 Background 199
6.3.2 Modeling and control of shunt active power filters 200
6.3.3 Experimental validation 204
6.3.4 Conclusion 209
6.4 Summary 209
References 209
viii Periodic control of power electronic converters

7 Continuing developments of periodic control 215

Abstract 215
7.1 Periodic control for multi-period signals 215
7.1.1 Digital multi-period repetitive control 215
7.1.2 Multi-period resonant control 218
7.1.3 Frequency-adaptive periodic control for multi-period signals 219
7.2 Periodic signal filtering 220
7.2.1 Notch and comb filters 221
7.2.2 Digital notch and comb filters 227
7.2.3 Discrete Fourier transform-based comb filter 228
7.2.4 Frequency-adaptive notch and comb filters 229
7.2.5 Periodic signal filtering for grid-connected converters 233
7.3 Summary 240
References 240

Index 245

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