Physico-chemical parameters of the Silpukhuri.

PH 8.4

TEMPERATURE(degree celsius) 27

DISSOLVED OXYGEN(PPM) 7

CARBON DIOXIDE(PPM) 14

NITRITE(mg/l) 15

NITRATE(mg/l) 10

AMMONIA(mg/l) 0.5

COPPER(mg/l) 1

ARSENIC 0.05

FLUORIDE 0.5

CALCIUM 55

● Silpukhuri has an optimal pH value (Fish have an average blood pH of 7.4, so pond
water with a pH close to this is optimum. An acceptable range would be 6.5 to 9.0. Fish
can become stressed in water with a pH ranging from 4.0 to 6.5 and 9.0 to 11.0.
● Carbon Dioxide and Calcium is higher in Silpukhuri
● Carbon Dioxide and Calcium is high in Silpukhuri due to hazardous waste or
industrial pollution (which stopped after IndianOil Corporation Limited took the

responsibility of maintaining the park in 2019).

● high nitrite and nitrate in the pond.
● (hardness of silpukhuri
Silpukhuri has very high Calcium concentration
measured in 1987 came out to be 20ppm which has nearly tripled in 2011 i.e
55ppm)
1. Calcium buildup can harm fish in the pond if levels are too high. A hardness of 6 to 16
dH is optimal for koi ponds.
 https://www.thepondshop.com.au/water-testing-nitrite-nitrate/

● Nitrites concentration is too high than the normal range. So, the condition is
harmful for the fishes
PROBLEMS (nitrite)
1. Nitrite is the by-product of the breakdown of Ammonia, this breakdown is done by
the bacteria, nitrosomonas, in the pond.
2. High levels of Nitrite in the pond can cause damage to the fish liver, spleen,
nervous system and kidneys.
3. This can result in the death of the fish. Nitrite is converted to Nitrate by
nitrobacter in your pond.
4. The nitrate is removed from the pond by the plants or algae that may be present.
5. Nitrate has a very low toxicity to your fish and is generally never a problem.
Plants use Nitrate as a main growing nutrient.
6. Both nitrosomonas and nitrobacter are both good bacteria that naturally occur in
your pond environment, they may also be known as filter bacteria. When the
level of good bacteria in the pond is not sufficient to deal with the amount of
waste being produced, Ammonia and Nitrite can rise to toxic levels.

SOLUTIONS
● Doing a partial water change (25%) and Re-filling the pond will not remove the Nitrite
but will further dilute it.We should a Chlorine neutraliser when we are filling the pond
back up.Topping up the pond without using a chlorine neutraliser can kill off the good
bacteria which then leads to ammonia and nitrite build up.
● Add Beneficial Bacteria. like

Ways to Promote Good Pond Bacteria Growth Naturally

1. Add Natural Healthy Water (Ponds Without Fish)

2. Afford Ample Aeration
3. Supplement with Helpful Bacteria Products
4. Restrict Chemical and Fertilizer Use
5. Dechlorinate Mains Water and add filter carbon active.
6. Avoid Sudden Water Quality Changes
 ● WATER QUALITY INDEX (WQI)

The WQI of Silpukhuri is 133.45 which makes it unsuitable for drinking water.

1. The high WQI values of the water bodies were mainly due to the presence of higher
concentration of total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, COD, HCO3, turbidity and
total hardness and low DO.
2. The low DO creates anoxic conditions for the survival of aquatic species, and till date
these lakes are considered to be living because of the fauna they sustain.
3. In order to maintain this pond, the DO should be improved. Moreover, the high COD
value indicated pollution from waste water.