Flovv ctiart 2~5-: Critical areas of hospital

Hospital
►I OPD block I
Rehabilitation ◄ I I .
► l LAB I
1
'f
Inpatient • Lobby (x-rayl
wards -
ISurgical J◄
t-+"( Ultrasound I
J
! -
•I Inpatients
Emergency•
 Entranc e
V
Reception and main waiting , records , staff facilities
Pahont
Srt111t room I
ct,Dng,ng
<l
~
1nterv,ew , quie t /
a5'SeS-sment room
f> Heavy
, M ain activity Cl) I activity
r area
., Occupat,ooat
area (1)
(.)
• ■ tt~tap1st
..0 oltu
a
....,
C
Q) . Act1V11Je6 of Light
daHy hVtf\Q
\I E
...., activity
Sn,a\\ activity
area
co
(1)
'-
t-
I
•

area
I
(
Hydroth erapy Outdoo r activity area
'
'--
•
Physiotherapy
I Occupational therapy
 Governing Board

Commillees of the Board Medical Staff Organization

Chief Executive Officer Committees

Financial Nursing Support Medical

Accounting Nursing Education Administrative Medicine House Staff

Inpatient Units

Obstetrics &
Business Office Environmental Surgery
CSSD Oper:iting Rooms Gymll'cology

Credit nntl Collects Maintenance Housekeeping Paediatrics Others

Outpatient Clinic~ Emergency Room

Cushier Plant Operations Laundry

Adm.itting

So(:iul Srrvict' Dietary

Ancillary lfo~piwl lnfonnutiun Sy~tl."111

Human Resource Management

Radiology Clinical Laboratory

Anuesthesia Physical Therapy

Respiratory Therapy Ele-ctrocardiography

Phannacy Elect~n~ph:ll ography

Fig. 4. 2 Organi;:Jltional Chart - Exampl~ 2.

 Flow chart 3.3: Hospital services

Hospital building
& services

53% of
initial costs

ICivil works I Mechanical Electrical Miscellaneous

engineering engineering

IAir conditioning I
1 • • Illumination

, • • Electric

• • • Water IGas supply I• ,

1 • • -Plumbing
ICommunicationl • •
1 • • Drainage
I Fire· I ◄ I
• • • Sanitation
Waste• • 1
Envir·on:mental
1
• • hygiene
IAcousticsl• ·
MAiN PLA NNIN G CON SIDERATIONS
The basic aiin woul d be to achieve the maxi mum level of
sterility with strea1nlined circulation of traffic movements.
The factors to be cons idere d are:
a. Clea n and dirty traffic strea ms be segre gated .
b. The depa rtme nt shou ld be inde pend ent of gene ral
traffic mov emen t from the rest of the hosp ital.
c. Subz onin g to prod uce succe ssive ly high er degr ee of
sterility with actual OT as the comp letel y steril e zone.
d. Staff, patients, entry and exits to be segre gated . This
will streamline the circulation patte rn.
e. Dirty material to be remo ved with out pass ing throu gh
the clean zone.

Sterile
imaging: supplies
X-ray

Pathology
1 1~ccident
and

Operating
department

Intensive
therapy
unit

Surgical
bads

Fig. 4.1: Planning of en,ergency and sterile areas

St af f C ha ng e R oo m
Th e st af f ch an ge ro om sh ou ld be so si te d
as to be accessible
fr 0m b( Jth asep tic an d cl ea n co rr id or an d
a bu ff er space
co m pr is in g se ts of to ile ts an d sh ow er sh ou
ld be in fu se d in 1
be tw ee n th e ai r lo ck an d sh ap e ch an ge an
d su rg eo n and a
nu rs ing ro om, so th at th ey ar e st er il iz ed an
d fu m ig ated
be fo re en te ri ng th e st er ile co rr id or .
lab ora tor y
'<o rmaHy, specim ens nee d to be exa min ed imm ec.iid tely
in t}1e OT com ple x in a sma ll roo m for pos t-o per a hon w o rk.
Her c<-1, a sma JI lab sl1ould be pro vid ed.

ICU

It is r)re ie rab l esite ICU clo se to the ope rati on the a te r so

t()

a" to tak e a dva n ta ge of tl1e fac iliti es for out pat ien ts. It
sh<J-UJ d be nea r the tran sfe r zon e and the rec ove ry- \\' drJ
1 1

tor easy tr an'; fer o f patte11t to OT.

Special Fixtu~es and Fittings

The foll ow ing o,p(•cia l fitt ing s and fixt ure s are r'-''-t u iwd tl1

be pro vid ed in var iou s wa rd-; and dt•p artn wn t-. oth e1 th.u
1

ope rati on the ate r and inte n!)i vt• c..·.irl • uni t: j

'
i
c s so t
g d e p a r t m e n
d b y t h e o p e r atin
d e m a n d p l ace v i t a l . I t i s t h us
0D u e t c · e a v y o n s h i p i s v e ry
D , t h e i r r e lati a t i o n t h e a t e r .
n t hE C S S o c a t e i t d o s e t o t h e o p e r
d e s i r a b le t o l
D e p a r t m e nt
X-ray n e c e s s a r y
i s s o m e tim e s
o f p a tie n t s t s -~ ay
m i n a t i o n t h e p a t ie n
X-ray e x a i a t e l y af t e r s u r g e r y , as
, p r o v i s u.m
m e d e n c e
d u r i n g o r i m i o n t o b e t a k e n f o r X-ray, h
t b e i n a p o s i t b e m a d e .
ll o y u n i t s h ou l d
nobile X - r a
Of a r
,Nurses Station

This shoul d be plan~ ~d as on open area with adequ ate

counter- space for wntin g, teleph ones, patien ts monitoring
equipment, X-:~y~ ~iew ing boxes, etc. Open plann ing is
adopt ed for v1s1b1hty as well as audib ility of the entire
patien t area. A small pantr y space along the nurse s station
is helpful.

Clean Utility Area

This shou ld conta in all the essen tial suppl ies, linen ,
medicines, lotion s, syrin ges, trolleys for vario us mobile
equipme11t needs , medi cal gases, sterilizers, const ant water
supply with appro priat e sinks, preferably elbow or knee
operated.

Clinical Room
This shou ld cater to the need of imme diate clinical tests
and inves tigati ons. All essen tial testin g devices must be
properly hous ed in it.
ORTHOPEDICS
• Reception
• Wai ting
• X-ray for imm edia te trea tme nt
• Plas ter room
• OT for surg ery
• Recovery room
• Rec ords /adm inis trati ve.
 P H Y S IO T H E R A P Y CLINIC

• Equ ip ment's required: N e u ro

-d e v e lo p m e n ta l e q u ip -
n1e11t ; g ai t-trainer, w al k er for cerebral p
• Sh o rt -w a v e d ia th e rm y , el ro blems.
ectrical st im u la to r, u lt ra -
Sf )', ·1 d a p p a ra tu s,
v
cervical o r lu m b a r tr ac ti o n ta
a, -__ ·. ~. ~le , in ic ro w av e u n ble,
its, w a x b at h , co ld a n d h o t
P~-. j ts, in fr ar ed a n d u lt ra
v io le t la m p s, q u ad ri ce p s
ta t -~ - _... ~·1ir lp o o ls for h y d ro th
er ap y .
PHYS IO .l 2: RA PY
• The effectiveness d e p e n d s o
n space, lo ca ti o n and w o rk
areas. Ventilation, lighting, in te
ri o r finish.
• Occu p at io n al a n d p h y si ca l
th e ra p-y sh o u ld b e· in cl o se
proximity.

b
Out-Patient's De pa rtm en t (OPD) an d Se rvi ces
T~e OP D pro vid es co nsu lta tio n, inv est iga tio n an d
diagnoses for pat ien ts wh o req uir ed litt le or no rec ove ry
services aft erw ard s an d gen era lly att end ed by app oin t-
~ent. There is usu all y a ma in wa itin g are a, wi th reg istr a-
hon _and en qu iry po int , bu t, pre fer abl y, it sho uld be
relatively small, wi th pat ien ts sen t on wa rds to sub -w ait ing