LIMITS

ROI PHILIP D. OROZCO

North Eastern Mindanao State University

Cantilan Campus

September 12, 2022

ROI PHILIP D. OROZCO CALCULUS 1 1 / 10

Syllabus
Week 2-4

A. The formal definition

B. Rules for Calculating limits
C. One-sided limits
D. Trigonometric limits
E. Limits at infinity

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LIMITS

Limits
Let ′ f ′ be a function defined on some open interval containing the number
′ c ′ except possibly at ′ c ′ itself. Then the limit of ′ f ′ as x approaches c is

L, written as :

limx→α f (x) = L

If the value of f gets closer and closer to one and one number L as x takes
values that are closer and closer to c.

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LIMITS

Note:
The limit of a function refers to the value that the function approaches, not
the actual value.

limx→α f (x) = L

∴ Limit of f (x) as x approaches C is equal to L.

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Example

Naa sakong bond paper

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LIMITS THEOREMS
Calculus 1

Theorem 1.
limx→α c = c ,where c is a constant

Examples:
1. limx→4 6 = 6
2. limx→0 (−3) = −3

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LIMITS THEOREMS
Calculus 1

Theorem 2.
limx→α x = a, for any number a.

Examples:
1. limx→2 x = 2
2. limx→5 x = 5

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LIMITS THEOREMS
Calculus 1

Theorem 3.
Constant Multiple Rule
Suppose limx→α f (x) = L, then,
limx→α [k · f (x)] = k · L, where k is a constant.

Examples:
1. limx→3 5x
=5 limx→3 x
=5(3)
=15ans.
2. limx→−2 8x
=8limx→−2 x
=8(-2)
=16ans.
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LIMITS THEOREMS
Calculus 1

Theorem 4.
Sum/Difference Rule
Suppose limx→α f (x) = L and limx→α g (x) = M, the,
limx→α [f (x) ∓ g (x)] = L + M

Example:
1. limx→1 3x + 4
=limx→1 3x + limx→1 4
=3limx→1 x + limx→1 4
=3(1)+4
=7ans.
2. limx→3 2x + 5
=limx→3 2x + limx→3 5
=2limx→3 x + limx→3 5 =2(3)+5 =11ans.
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LIMITS THEOREMS
Calculus 1

Theorem 5.
Product Rule
Suppose limx→α f (x) = L and limx→α g (x) = M; then,
limx→α [f (x) · g (x)] = L · M

Example:
1. limx→3 x(6x − 2)
=limx→3 x · limx→3 (6x − 2)
=limx→3 x · [limx→3 6x − limx→3 2]
= 3 · [6 limx→3 x − limx→3 2]
= 3[6(3) − 2]
= 3[16]
= 48ans.

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