WELCOME

GRADE 9
9 Living Things and
Their Environment
Science
Quarter 1 Week 1
RESPIRATORY AND
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
WORKING TOGETHER

DONA ROSARIO HIGH SCHOOL

Email: dona.rosariohs@dpedqc.ph
Address: Urduja St. Dona Rosario Subdivision Quezon City
Prayer
The module focuses on achieving this
learning competency:
Explain how the respiratory and
circulatory systems work together to
transport nutrients, gases, and other
molecules to and from the different parts
of the body (S9LT-Ia-b-26)

1
 Expectations
At the end of the lesson, you will be
able to:
Identify the key parts and functions
of the Respiratory System

2
 Looking Back
Place one hand on the middle of your chest to feel
your heartbeat.
Then, your other hand just below your ribs to feel
the movement of your lungs, ribs, and diaphragm as
you breathe.
What do you know about your heart and lungs?
How do they work 3
 Lesson 1 :Parts and Functions of
Respiratory System

Our bodies are like complex machines and

depend on many different body systems in
order to function properly. In this module, you
will explore each important aspect of two key
body systems: the respiratory and circulatory
systems.
4
Beginning with the respiratory system, you will understand the
complex parts involved in the process of breathing, from our major
air-intake passageway, the nose, to the smallest spaces of the lungs,
called alveoli, where a vital exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide occurs.
It is here that the respiratory and circulatory systems meet. In this
section of the module, you will learn about the anatomy of the heart
and how it works, the structure and function of various blood
vessels, the cellular components of blood and their purposes, as
well as what blood pressure is and what it reveals. As this
concludes, you will examine the link between these two amazing
body systems, and understand the importance of maintaining them
through exercise and a healthy diet.
5
Here are some key questions for you to ponder after
finishing this module:

1. What are the main functions of the human

respiratory and circulatory systems?
2. What are the key components of both the
respiratory system and the circulatory system?
Explain their functions.
3. How do the respiratory and the circulatory system
work independently and together?
6
Here are some key questions for you to ponder after
finishing this module:

1. What are the main functions of the human

respiratory and circulatory systems?
2. What are the key components of both the
respiratory system and the circulatory system?
Explain their functions.
3. How do the respiratory and the circulatory system
work independently and together?
7
 Brief Introduction

Respiratory system is made up of the organs in the

body that help us to breathe. Just remember that the
word respiration is linked to breathing. This system
does two very important things: it brings oxygen
into our bodies, which we need for our cells to live
and function properly; and it helps us get rid of
carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of cellular
function.
8
In the Nose and Nasal passages, the entering air is
made warm, damp, and clean of unknown particles.
Next, the air moves down through the trachea,
bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Trachea is the
empty tube that serves as passageway of air into the
lungs. Bronchi are the two branching tubes that
connect the trachea to the lungs. Bronchioles are
the hair like tubes that connect to the alveoli.
Alveoli are the air sacs that allow gas exchange in
the lungs. 9
Parts and Its Functions
The human respiratory system is composed of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, and lungs. It is liable for the method of respiration that’s vital to the survival of living
beings.

10
Nose and Mouth (Nasal Cavity)

The nose is what we normally use to

inhale and exhale. It has two holes called
nostrils through which air passes. The skin
lining both nostrils is embedded with tiny
hairs called cilia, which act like a filter to
catch dust and other small particles in the
air we breathe. The mouth is what we use
to breathe when we need more air than
what can be taken in through the nostrils,
as when we pant or puff when we are
exhausted.
11
Pharynx and Larynx
The pharynx is the opening just behind the nose
and mouth and is part of both the respiratory and
digestive systems. Both food and air pass through
the pharynx; it is lined with tissues called tonsils
which can partially obstruct the passage of either
of the two. Like when swallowing, respiration is
interrupted. The pharynx ends in the esophagus
and the larynx. The larynx is also known as the
"voice box" because it houses the vocal chords
and the different muscles used in producing
sounds. The epiglottis, a cartilage found at the
top of the larynx, aids in closing it tightly to
prevent the passage of food or liquids.
12
Trachea and Bronchi
The trachea, also referred to as the
windpipe, is a tube through which
respiratory gas transport takes place. It is
lined with ciliated cells to push particles
out, and cartilage rings to guard it against
pressure when breathing. The end of the
trachea is split into two tubes called the
bronchi, which also have several
thin-walled branches called bronchioles.
These bronchioles lead to air sacs called
alveoli, where most of the gas exchange
happens. 13
Lungs
The lungs are the most essential
organ for respiration. They consist
of a cluster of bronchioles and
alveoli, blood vessels, and elastic
tissue. Their main function is to
transfer oxygen into the
bloodstream, and to excrete
carbon dioxide into the air.
14
Mechanism of Breathing Inhalation (inspiration) and
exhalation (expiration) are the processes by which
the body takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
during breathing.
You breathe with the help of the diaphragm and the
intercostal muscles between your ribs. The
diaphragm is shaped like a parachute and located
below your lungs. It divides the chest cavity from the
abdomen, while intercostal muscles are located
between your ribs.
15
● Breathing in (Inhalation)
When you breathe in (inhale), your diaphragm
contracts (tightens) and moves downward. In this
way, it could provide a bigger space for your lungs
to expand in the chest cavity. Also, the intercostal
muscles help widen the area in the chest cavity.
They contract to pull your rib cage both upward and
outward when you breathe. As your lungs expand, air
enters the nose and mouth, traveling towards
your windpipe and into your lungs.
16
● Breathing out (Exhalation)
When you breathe out (exhale), your diaphragm
relaxes and moves upward into the chest cavity. The
intercostal muscles also relax to decrease
the area in the chest cavity.
As the space in the chest cavity reduced, carbon
dioxide is pushed out of your lungs and windpipe,
and then out of your nose or mouth.

17
 Activity 1: (Missing Piece)
Directions: Identify the parts of respiratory system

1 5
2 6
3
4
18
 Activity

Trachea Nose

Bronchi Nasal Passages

Bronchioles

Alveoli
 Activity 2: (Take Me In, Take Me Out)
Filling in the blanks: Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct
words from on word pool below.
LUNGS OUTSIDE PRESSURE
TOWARDS INCREASES VOLUME

During inhalation,
• the _____ expand
• the ________ in the lungs decreases
• air flows ________ the lower pressure
in the lungs
During exhalation,
• lung _______ decreases
• pressure within the lungs
___________.
• air flows from the higher pressure in
the lungs to the ___________. 19
 Activity (Take Me In, Take Me Out)
Filling in the blanks: Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct
words from on word pool below.
LUNGS OUTSIDE PRESSURE
TOWARDS INCREASES VOLUME

During inhalation,
• the _____
Lungs expand
• the ________
Pressurein the lungs decreases
• air flows ________
Towards the lower
pressure in the lungs
During exhalation,
• lung _______
Volume decreases
• pressure within the lungs
___________.
Increases
• air flows from the higher pressure in
the lungs to the ___________.
Outside
 Remember
• The human respiratory system is composed of organs that
work together to permit the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide with the environment\
• The air we breathe goes through the nose, nasal
passages, and then through the trachea or windpipe, which
separates into two branches, called bronchial tubes or
bronchi, one entering each lung. The bronchi subdivide
many times inside the lungs, finally becoming hair-like
tubes called bronchioles. In the last part of the terminal
bronchioles are tiny bubble-like bunch of structures called
alveoli or air sacs. 20
 Checking Your Understanding
Complete the pathway of oxygen in our Respiratory
System by filling up the boxes with parts where it passes.

21
 Checking Your Understanding
Complete the pathway of oxygen in our Respiratory
System by filling up the boxes with parts where it passes.

Nose Nasal Passages Trachea

Alveoli Bronchioles Bronchi

 Lesson 2 :Parts and Functions of
Circulatory System

Expectations

•identify the parts and functions of the

circulatory system.

22
 Looking Back
Mix and Match.
Your first task is to unscramble the letters of each word found in the second column. Then, match the
first column to the second column and to the third column by writing the letter/s for each number.

23
Mix and Match.
Your first task is to unscramble the letters of each word found in the second column. Then, match the
first column to the second column and to the third column by writing the letter/s for each number.

Nasal Cavity Pharynx

Larynx
Trachea
Lungs

Alveoli

Bronchi
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
 Brief Introduction
The circulatory system is the life support structure
that nourishes your cells with nutrients from the food
you eat and oxygen from the air you breathe.

The circulatory system functions with other body

systems to deliver different materials in the body. It
circulates vital elements such as oxygen and
nutrients. At the same time, it also transports wastes
away from the body 24
 Activity 1
Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts,
description, and functions to complete the entire concept

25
Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts,
description, and functions to complete the entire concept

Heart Blood

Carries blood
throughout the body

Arteries Capillaries Veins

 Remember

• Heart pumps the blood throughout the

body; Blood vessels carry the blood
throughout the body; Blood carries the
materials throughout the body.

26
 Checking Your Understanding

How does the oxygenated blood

reach the different parts of the
body?

27
 Lesson 3 :Mechanism on How the Respiratory
and Circulatory Systems Work Together

Expectations

•explain how the respiratory and circulatory

systems work together to transport nutrients,
gases, and other molecules to and from the
different parts of the body
28
 Looking Back

When you inhale, Oxygen gets in your body. When you

exhale, Carbon dioxide is released; and in every heartbeat,
blood is pumped in your body.

How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work

together to carry out their common purpose?

29
 Brief Introduction
The respiratory system works directly with the
circulatory system to provide oxygen to the body.
Oxygen taken in through the respiratory system
moves into blood vessels that then circulate
oxygen-rich blood together with nutrients, hormones
and other molecules to body cells and picks up
Carbon dioxide as waste. Carbon dioxide is released
when you exhale. Pulmonary Circulation allows
movement of blood and gases in the two systems. 30
PERICARDIUM - PROTECTIVE
COVERING OF THE HEART

SEPTUM - the triangular wall of

cardiac tissue that separates the left
and right ventricles (i.e., the lower
chambers) of the heart.

ATRIUM - heart chamber that

receives blood into the heart and
drives it into a ventricle, or chamber,
for pumping blood away from the
heart.

RIGHT ATRIUM - receives

oxygen-poor blood from the body
and pumps it to the right ventricle

LEFT ATRIUM - receives

oxygen-rich blood from the lungs
and pumps it to the left ventricle.

RIGHT VENTRICLE - pumps

blood low in oxygen to the lungs. In
the lungs, the blood then gets a
"refill" of oxygen.
LEFT VENTRICLE - pump
oxygenated blood to the body.

VALVES - to prevent the

backflow of the blood.
 Activity
Directions: Write numbers 1-7 to trace the pathway of blood with gases and
nutrients in the body
______ Oxygen-rich blood enters the left atrium from the lungs
______ Blood from the right ventricle goes to the lungs
to pick up oxygen and pass out Carbon dioxide
______ Carbon dioxide passes out of the blood stream,
and is eventually exhaled by the respiratory system
______ At the same time, deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium.
______ Blood is squeezed into the ventricles.
______ The ventricles contract.
______ At the same time, blood from the left ventricle goes to the body to supply
it with oxygen.
31
Directions: Write numbers 1-7 to trace
the pathway of blood with
gases and nutrients in the body
______
1 Oxygen-rich blood enters the left
atrium from the lungs
5
______ Blood from the right ventricle goes to the lungs
to pick up oxygen and pass out Carbon dioxide
7
______ Carbon dioxide passes out of the blood stream, and is eventually exhaled
by the respiratory system
2
______ At the same time, deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium.
______
3 Blood is squeezed into the ventricles.
______
4 The ventricles contract.
______
6 At the same time, blood from the left ventricle goes to the body to supply it
with oxygen.
 Remember

• The heart pumps the blood that carries Oxygen and

other essential materials throughout the body. At the
same time, the lungs provide Oxygen and release
Carbon dioxide as the body’s waste material.
• The blood carries Oxygen, nutrients, hormones and
essential minerals to every part of the body. It also
picks up Carbon dioxide as a waste material.
32
 Checking Your Understanding

• The human circulatory system works

together with respiratory system to
perform vital body processes. Why do
you think it’s important to take care of
these two systems?
33
 Post-Test
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1.Which of the following systems is

responsible for supplying oxygen and
expelling carbon dioxide into our body?
a. Circulatory
b. Respiratory
c. Excretory
d. Urinary 34
 Post-Test
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1.Which of the following systems is

responsible for supplying oxygen and
expelling carbon dioxide into our body?
a. Circulatory
b. Respiratory
c. Excretory
d. Urinary
2. The following are parts of the
Breathing System except
______.

a. trachea
b. alveoli
c. bronchi
d. heart 35
2. The following are parts of the
Breathing System except
______.

a. trachea
b. alveoli
c. bronchi
d. heart
 3. What part make/s the entering
air warm, damp, and clean of
unknown particles?
a. alveoli
b. nose and nasal passages
c. heart
d. Lungs
36
 3. What part make/s the entering
air warm, damp, and clean of
unknown particles?
a. alveoli
b. nose and nasal passages
c. heart
d. Lungs
4. What part is consisting of tiny
air sacs and the site where
exchange of gases occurs?

a. Trachea
b. Pharynx
c. Larynx
d. Alveoli 37
4. What part is consisting of tiny
air sacs and the site where
exchange of gases occurs?

a. Trachea
b. Pharynx
c. Larynx
d. Alveoli
5. The empty tube that serves as
passageway of air into the lungs
is called _____.

a. Alveoli
b. trachea
c. nose
d. bronchioles 38
5. The empty tube that serves as
passageway of air into the lungs
is called _____.

a. Alveoli
b. trachea
c. nose
d. bronchioles
 6.Which of the following is not part of the
circulatory system?
a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels

39
 6.Which of the following is not part of the
circulatory system?
a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels
7. Which organ pumps blood
throughout the body?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels
40
7. Which organ pumps blood
throughout the body?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels
8.Its function is carrying materials
throughout the body. What is it?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels
41
8. Its function is carrying materials
throughout the body. What is it?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood
d. blood vessels
 10. The following are types of
blood vessels except _____.
a. heart
b.veins
c. arteries
d. capillaries
42
 10. The following are types of
blood vessels except _____.
a. heart
b.veins
c. arteries
d. capillaries