By : Ir Lee Wei Thiam

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AGENDA FOR TODAY

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Sydney Opera House

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J-Cube, Singapore

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KL Tower

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JKR HQ Block G

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Taylor’s Lake Side Campus, Sunway

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Micron Project, Singapore

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Public Building

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Commercial Building
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Industrial Building
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Highrise Residential Building

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Carpark

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WHAT IS PRECAST CONCRETE SYSTEM

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WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVES TO ACHIEVE
USING PRECAST CONCRETE SYSTEM?

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PRECAST CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR BUILDINGS

Precast Beams

Loading bearing Wall Precast Columns 17

PRECAST CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR BUILDINGS

Hollow Core Slabs Double Tee Slabs

Precast Half Slabs Planks

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PRECAST CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR BUILDINGS

Pile Cap & Socket Waffle Slab

Staircases 19
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End of Part 1
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 INSTALLATION

PRODUCTION

DESIGN

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1. Modular Coordination in Precast Building
2. Structural Building System Used
3. Building Stability
4. Structural Ties
5. Floor Diaphargm Action
6. Precast Hollow Core Slab Design
7. Precast Beam Design
8. Precast Column Design
9. Example
10. Typical Connection
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 MS 1064: PART 10:2001
 Modular grids
 Modular sizes

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 Grid Layout

Insert layout and section

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 Vertical Grid

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 Modular grids
 Preferred plan grid dimension to be 10M –
120M at increment of 3M.
I.e: 6000mm, 7200mm, 8400m, 9600mm, etc
 Preferred vertical grid dimension to be 28M –
36M at increment of 1M and 36M – 48M at
increment of 3M.
I.e: 2800mm, 3600mm, 3900mm, 4200mm, etc

*Note: M is the symbol for the basic module defined in

MS 1064: Part 1 and having the value of 100mm
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 Unbraced Skeletal Frame System
 Braced Skeletal Frame System
 Bearing Wall Frame System
 Hybrid System

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 Precast Column
 Precast Beam
 Precast Slab
 Unbraced
 Rigid joint

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 Precast Column
 Precast Beam
 Precast Slab
 Precast wall/ In-situ
Stabalizing frame
 Pinned joint

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 Precast Wall
 Precast Beam
 Precast Slab

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 Precast slab with in-situ concrete
column and beam
 Precast beam, precast slab with in-situ
concrete column
 Precast slab with steel beam and
column
 Precast slab with masonry wall

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 Design for progressive collapse
 Peripheral Ties
 Internal Ties
 Column and Wall Horizontal Ties
 Vertical Ties

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 Horizontal loads on the structure are
transmitted to the vertical stabilising
core, shear walls, structural frames or
bracings, etc by the floors and roofs
which act as rigid horizontal diaphragm

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Wind: wk = 1.0 kPa
Floor to floor: H = 3.6m
wd = 1.4*1.0 kPa*3.6m = 5.0 kN/m
Span: L = 72m
Width of building:B = 19.2m
Topping concrete:t = 75mm

Moment: Md = w*L2/8 = 3240 kNm

Lever arm: z = 0.8*B = 0.8*19.2m = 15.4m
Reinforcement: As = M/(z*0.95*fy) = 481 mm2
2 T 20 at beam top

Shear: Vd = wd*L/2 = 180 kN

Concrete shear stress: vc = Vd/(t*B) = 0.13 MPa

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 Simply supported for ultimate condition

 Continuous for service condition

 Design Loading : Live Load & Super

Imposed Dead Load

 Normally with 75mm thick concrete topping

 Seating(Normally 75~150mm)

 9.6mm(S) & 12.9mm(M) dia strands

 Class 2 design
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OPENINGS
FOR
HOLLOW
CORE
SLAB

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HANGER FOR
HOLLOW CORE
SLAB

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 X
• Avoid Notches
• Introduce Beam Wider
than Column 59
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 2 stage design

 Reinforced concrete beam (Propped)

 Reinforced concrete beam (Unpropped)

 Prestressed concrete beam (Propped)

 Prestressed concrete beam (Unpropped)

 Continuous spans (half beam)

 Simply supported spans (full beam)

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Installation Stage

Final Stage

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 Braced column
 Unbraced column
 Reinforced concrete column
 Single Tier or Multi Tier
 Corbel support

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Single Tier Column Two Tier Column

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Step 1: Column Positioning
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Step 2: Framing of precast
beam
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Step 3: Framing of precast slab
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Column - Foundation Joint
GROUTED SLEEVE
JOINT

 Most commonly
used and most
economical

 Design as a moment
resisting joint

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Column – Foundation Joint
SOCKET CONNECTION

 Economical solution if
foundation design can
accommodate the pocket
projection

 Easy to install

 Design as a moment
resisting joint

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Column – Foundation Joint
COLUMN SHOE CONNECTION

 Easy to install and

temporary propping not
required

 Less economical

 Commonly designed as a
pinned joint

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Column - Beam Support
CORBEL CONNECTION
(continuous)

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 Column - Beam Support
CORBEL CONNECTION
(pinned)

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For Column - Beam Support
CONCEALED STEEL PLATE
CONNECTION

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Column - Beam Support
PINNED CONNECTION

Beam simply
supported on
column head fixed
with dowel bars

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HOLLOW CORE SLAB – CONCRETE BEAM
CONNECTION

Concrete topping
with a layer of wire
mesh and negative
bars.

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HOLLWOC CORE SLAB WITH STEEL BEAM
CONNECTION

Concrete topping
with a layer of wire
mesh and negative
bars.

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HOLLOW CORE SLAB WITH LOAD BEARING WALL
CONNECTION

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HOLLOW CORE SLAB WITH MASONRY WALL
CONNECTION

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 Simplify
 Simplify
 Simplify

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1. Simplify framing layout
2. Standardise types of elements
3. Simplify connection details
4. Avoid notches for precast slab
5. Minimum size for precast elements
6. Use modular sizes
7. Cost

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 TENSION

COMPRESSION

???

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End of Part 2
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 Production

• Production of Precast Elements

– Shop Drawings
– Production Planning
– Production Schedule
– Production Facilities
– Stock Yard
– Delivery

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 Precast Concrete Production
Long line prestressing – indoor

Casting Hollow core slabs

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 Precast Concrete Production
Long line prestressing – outdoor

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 Precast Concrete Production
RC precasting – both indoor & outdoor

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 Transports

Cargo Trailer Pole Trailer

Platform Trailer Low Bed Trailer

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 Transports

V-Frame Trailer

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 Transports

Transportation Consideration
• Type of lorry used (Cargo, Pole Trailer, Flat Bed, Low Bed, etc)
• Planning of route
• Size of precast elements (Normal cargo lorry is 2.4m width and
12m length)
• Loading/ unloading time (Day or Night delivery)
• Number of trips required
• Site access condition
• The condition on internal site access
• Unloading area at site

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End of Part 3
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 SITE OPERATIONS

• Precast Site Planning Consideration

• Sequence of Work
• Site Access
• Crane Planning
• Transportation to Site
• Other Cast In-situ Associated Works
• Integration With Other Trades

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 SITE OPERATIONS

• Sequence of Installation
– Floor by Floor
– Pyramid
– Zone by zone
– Critical Zones
– Starting Point & Finishing Point

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SITE OPERATIONS
APRIL SEQUENCE OF WORK

MAY

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 SITE OPERATIONS
• Crane Planning
• Type of Cranes
• Number of Cranes Required
• Weight of PC Components
• Crane Coverage
• Crane Capacity
• Crane Access/ Path
• Trailer Access
• Closing of Access
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SITE OPERATIONS

Crawler Crane

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SITE OPERATIONS

Crawler Tower Crane

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SITE OPERATIONS

Tower Crane

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SITE OPERATIONS

Mobile Crane

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SITE OPERATIONS

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 SITE OPERATIONS

Crane Path 115

 SITE OPERATIONS

• Cast In-situ Related Works

• Fixing of beam top reinforcement
• Beam topping concrete
• Fixing of topping reinforcement
• Laying of mesh reinforcement
• Slab topping concrete
• Other items
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SITE OPERATIONS

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SITE OPERATIONS

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 SITE OPERATIONS

• Integration with Other Trades

• Roof Truss Contractor
• Façade Contractor
• M&E Contractor
• Finishing Contractor
• Etc.

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SITE OPERATIONS

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 SITE OPERATIONS

• Site Safety
• Policy Statement and Procedures
• Manpower [training & PPE]
• Equipment [approved]
• Monitoring [enforcement]
• Maintenance [equipment & access]

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 SITE OPERATIONS
• PPE, Walkie Talkie

• Tool box meeting

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 SITE OPERATIONS

Site Access

Poor access condition

Good access condition precaution 123
SITE OPERATIONS

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End of Part 4

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Contact:

w: www.epmsb.com.my

e : info@epmsb.com.my

t: +603 7980 2728

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