Revised Research Study 2020 GROUP 6

LIBERTAD NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Science, Technology, and Engineering Program

Surallah, South Cotabato
BOHM: Blue Ternate (Clitoria Ternatea), Oats, Honey (Genus Apis),

Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) as Edible Spork
Researchers:
Bangcas, Lhean Danica
Engane, Andrea
Narciso, Mareeya Andrea
Panizales, Karl Anroe
Segumpan, Paul Christian
Kyna Mariz Lenantud

Reasearch Teacher
Table of contents
Chapter Title Page
Research Title i
Table of contents ii
Acknowledgements iii
Abstract iv
I INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Scope of the Study
II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual Framework
Definition of Terms
III METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Locale of the Study
Data gathering procedure
Data Analysis
IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Answer
SOP 1
SOP 2
Analysis
Summary of Results
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
ACKNOLEDGEMENT
The Researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to those who helped them
throughout the making of this study.
First, we humbly give our thanks to our Almighty God who had given us the knowledge and
wisdom, and for guiding us to accomplish this study. We thank Him for helping us
throughout the process of successfully finishing our study.
Next, we would like to thank Ms. Kyna Mariz Lenantud for her gratitude and patience with
us throughout the study.
Then, we would also like to thank our parents for their unconditional love and support, for
their moral and financial support and for giving us the courage to successfully finish our
study. And even for those colleagues who provided insight in making this study.
Lastly, we would like to thank Libertad National High School for helping us learn and
experience new things, without this school and the teachers who has helped us this research
wouldn’t be complete.
ABSTRACT
In general, the study BOHM as Edible Spork aims to be an alternative for plastic eating
utensils in order to downscale the usage of disposable synthetic cutleries. In addition these
sporks has also nutritional benefits for it is made from natural ingredients that can deplete the
chance of having diseases. The results shown from the survey shows that the spork in regards
to texture, treatment three is highly acceptable with a mean of eleven (11). When it comes to
being attractive, treatment three is highly acceptable with a mean eleven (11). Lastly the
appearance that is highly acceptable is also treatment number three that has a mean eleven
(11). In summary, the BOHM Edible Spork can de-escalate plastic usage that also comes with
nutritional benefits. In regards to the spork's characteristics, treatment number three is the
best when it comes to texture, being appealing and attractive.
Chapter I
THE PROBLEM
Introduction
Plastic utensils can take anywhere from twenty to one thousand (20-1000) years to
decompose. It is one of the major problems not only in schools but within the world. It is
made of potentially toxic and hard-to-recycle polystyrene, which is not very friendly to the
environment. Ninety-one (91) percent of plastic waste does not get recycled and with only a
few being incinerated, most of these plastic wastes remain in form or another and may remain
for hundreds or thousands of years. While most of the plastics produced now inhibits our
ocean, a recent study by the National Geographic states that a mammoth eighteen (18) billion
pounds (9 million tons) of plastic waste flows into the ocean every year (Parker, Fast Facts
About Plastic Pollution, 2018). These inedible and harmful substances are then being
consumed by the marine life, who, are then being consumed by people around the world.
Thus, eventually the plastics are entering our bodies as micro plastics. Some researchers also
point out that plastics contain harmful substances called carcinogens such as bisphenol A
(BPA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which may be linked to cancer (Breastcancer.org,
2019). This encourages the researchers to formulate an edible spork (spoon and fork) that will
meet the demand and to provide an alternative of single use plastics.

Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the acceptability of edible spork as alternative use for single
use plastic spoon and fork. The researchers also want to seek answers to the following
questions:
1. Which among the treatments has the highest acceptable response?
a. Treatment 1: 200grams flour, 100grams of oats and 50ml blue ternate extract,
b. Treatment 2: 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternate extract and 50grams
Malunggay leaves
c. Treatment 3: 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternate extract and 30ml honey
d. Treatment 4: 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternate extract, 50 grams
Malunggay leaves, and 30ml honey.
2. How acceptable is the edible spork in terms of:
a. Color?
b. Texture?
c. Taste?
d. Appearance?
3. How long will the edible spork dissolve in:
a. Hot water?
b. Cold water?
c. Warm?
4. What will the Return of Investment in edible spork?
5. How long is the shelf-life of the edible spork?
a. 1-3days
b. 4-7days
c. 8-11days
Significance of Study
Knowing the environmental benefits of this study is vital for it aims to help students
and teachers by adding health benefits like prevention of hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and
etc. In terms of environmental factors, it can lessen plastic cutlery usage in the community
that can de-escalate synthetic wastes. Lastly, the result f the study will provide information
for interested investors on investing in the production of edible spork.
Scope and Limitations
This experimental study is limited only on the acceptability of edible spork especially
in color, odor, texture and appearance. This study will be seeking the implication of the
following; identify determining factors of demand for edible cutlery, to compare the
characteristics of different treatment and to identify which treatment is most acceptable.
Primarily, the treatment is 2 flour:1oats:1:blue ternate extract, then the second regimen 4
flour:2 oats:1 blue ternate extract:1 malunggay leaves, furthermore the third analysis is 20
flour:10 oats:5 blue ternate extract:3 honey, finally, the last ratio 4 flour:2 oats:1 blue ternate
extract 1:malunggay leaves:1 honey .

Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Clitoria ternatea (Blue Ternate)
The butterfly pea (C. ternatea) is a deep-rooted, tall slender, climbing legume with
five leaflets and a deep blue flower. It is well adapted to a variety of soil types (pH 5.5-8.9)
including calcareous soils. It is surviving in both the extended rainfall regions and prolonged
periods of drought. Propagation is through seed; the plants may be grown with support crops
(or) staked with bamboo to facilitate hand picking of the pods. Butterfly pea produce a large
amount of seeds and will readily self-seed, when the dry pod shatter. The seeds are normally
sown from the beginning until the middle of the wet season. Competes fairly well with weeds
once established; some weed control can be achieved by mowing the crop, as the successive
regrowth of the legume will gradually dominate the weeds. If a pure stand is required
cultivation or hand-weeding will be required during early growth. Use of pre-emergence
herbicide (Spinnaker at 200-400 ml/ha) two (2) to eight (8) weeks prior to sowing is essential
to achieve successful control of weeds during establishment (Conway et al., 2001).
Moringa oleifera (Malunggay)
Moringa oleifera , a plant from the family Moringaceae is a major crop in Asia and
Africa. MO has been studied for its health properties, attributed to the numerous bioactive
components, including vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, isothiocyanates, tannins and
saponins, which are present in significant amounts in various components of the plant.
Moringa Oleifera leaves are the most widely studied and they have shown to be beneficial in
several chronic conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, diabetes,

insulin resistance, non-alcoholic liver disease, cancer and overall inflammation. In this
review, we present information on the beneficial results that have been reported on the
prevention and alleviation of these chronic conditions in various animal models and in cell
studies. (Vergara-Jimenez et al., 2017)
GC-MS analysis showed that there are 9-octadecenoic acid (20.89%), L-(+)- ascorbic
acid- 2,6-dihexadecanoate(19.66%), 14 – methyl -8-Hexadecenal (8.11%) , 4- hydroxyl-4-
methyl-2-pentanone (7.01%), 3- ethyl-2, 4-dimethyl-pentane (6.14%), phytol (4.25%) ,
octadeamethyl-cyclononasiloxane (1.23%), 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid ( 2.46%), 3, 4-
epoxy- ethanone comprising (1.78%), N-(-1-methylethyllidene)-benzene ethanamine
(1.54%), 4, 8, 12, 16- tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide (2.77%), 3-5- bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-
phenol (2.55%), 1- hexadecanol (1.23%), 3, 7, 11, 15- tetramethyl-2 hexadecene-1ol (1.17%),
hexadecanoic acid (2.03%) and 1, 2, 3-propanetriyl ester-9 octadecenoic acid (1.23%) as the
chemical composition in the leaf extract and oleic acid (84%) L-(+)- ascorbic acid- 2, 6-
dihexadecanoate (9.80%), 9-octadecenoic acid (1.88%), methyl esterhexadecanoic acid
(1.31%) and 9- octadecenamide (0.78) are the chemical components in the seed extract.
The study also revealed that 9-octadecenoic acid (20.89%) constitutes the major of the
leaf extract while oleic acid (84%) is the major component of the seed extract. GC-MS
analysis showed the presence of many chemical constituents of Moringa oleifera leaves and
seeds locally grown in Abakaliki, Nigeria. The presence of various bioactive compounds
confirms the application of Moringa oleifera for various ailments by traditional practitioners.
(Aja et al., 2014)

Plastics
It is an invention that has seen more than half a century of innovation, provided smart
practical solutions that paved the way for an industry, which has made since 1950, a total of
ninety point two (9.2) billion tons till date (Parker, Plastic or Planet?, 2018). It has become an
integral part of our lives and is found everywhere. An industry with a global market value of
US$ 611.9 billion in 2017 (The Business Research Company, 2018), plastics are found in the
clothes we wear, the houses where we reside, the toys children play with, the vehicles we use
for travelling, in our computers and televisions, to the shopping bags and cutleries.
United States for instance, consumes annually forty (40) billion plastic cutleries
(Munir, 2016), while India throws away one hundred twenty (120) billion pieces of plastic
cutleries every year (Reddy, 2016). The global demand is six hundred forty (640) billion per
year and the global plastic cutlery market was worth US$ 2.62 billion in the year 2017,
according to the data published by the Digital Journal, and expected to reach around US$ 3
billion by 2025 (Digital Journal, 2019).
According to the aforementioned statistics, ninety-one (91) percent of plastic waste
does not get recycled and with only a few being incinerated, most of these plastic wastes
remain in form or another and may remain for hundreds or thousands of years. While most of
the plastics produced now inhibits our ocean, a recent study by the National Geographic
states that a mammoth eighteen (18) billion pounds (9 million tons) of plastic waste flows
into the ocean every year (Parker, Fast Facts About Plastic Pollution, 2018).
Dependent Variables Independent Variables
 Solubility rate  Edible Spork

 Decomposition time  Blue ternate
 Honey
 Oats
 Malunggay leaves
 Clitoria ternate
 Honey
Figure 1 Conceptual Framework
 Oats
 Malunggay
Definition of Terms
Blue ternate- It is a tropical vine with pinnate leaves and bright- blue yellow centered-
flowers.
Honey- a sweet sticky yellowish-brown fluid made by bees and other insects from nectar
collected from flowers.
Malunggay- a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree of the family Moringaceae, native to

tropical and subtropical regions of South Asia.
Oats – a cereal plant cultivated in cool climates and widely used for animal feeds as well as
human consumption.
Plastics – a synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as
polyethylene that can be molded into different shapes.
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
Locale of the Study
The Libertad National High School is located at Brgy. Libertad, Surallah, South
Cotabato, it is a secondary school which was chosen by the researchers as the locale to where
the study will be conducted.
Among other secondary schools in Surallah, the researcher personally decided to
conduct the study in Libertad National High School for the accessibility and availability of
the prospective respondents because the researchers are enrolled at the school mentioned
above and has the easy means of gathering the data and information needed relative to the
problems.
Figure 2. Location of the Study Site

Methodological Framework
Preparation of Materials
Extraction Method
Preparation of Test Sample
Treatment 1. 200grams Treatment 2. 200grams Treatment 3. 200grams Treatment 4. 200grams flour,
flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml 100grams of oats, 50ml blue
flour, 100grams of oats and
blue ternate extract and blue ternate extract and 30ml turnate extract, 50 grams
50ml blue ternate.
50grams Malunggay leaves, honey, and Malunggay leaves, and 30ml
honey.
Data Gathering
Respondents of the Study
There will be thirty (30) total respondents of the study in which ten (10) will be
coming from the students, ten (10) from the faculty members and ten (10) from vendors of
Libertad National High School, Surallah, South Cotabato.

Collection of Plant Samples
The plant samples will be collected from the home of researchers and in the
neighborhood. The collected plant samples will be placed in sterile zip-locked and store at
room temperature.
Preparation of Extract
The collected blue ternate flower will be placed in a clean container and washed with
tap water. The blue ternate flower will be placed into 200ml of distilled boiling water for 10
minutes. The blue ternate flower will be separated using streamer. The extracts will be placed
in a clean container at a room temperature preparing for the next procedure.
Preparation of Treatments
In every 300grams of edible spork the following process in preparing treatment were
followed.
Treatment 1. 200grams flour, 100grams of oats and 50ml blue ternate extract,
Treatment 2. 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternate extract and 50grams
Malunggay leaves.
Treatment 3. 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternate extract and 30ml honey.
Treatment 4. 200grams flour, 100grams of oats, 50ml blue ternatea extract, 50 grams
Malunggay leaves, and 30ml honey.

Procedure on the Formulation of Edible Spork
First gather all the materials. Items needed are spoon and fork molder, water, Quaker
oats, wheat flour, microwave oven, foil, bowl, thermometer, spatula, rolling pin, casserole,
butter, mixing bowl, weighing scale, Blue ternate flower extract, Malunggay leaves, honey
and sugar. Then, measure 200grams of flour, 100 grams of oats, 50ml of blue ternate extract,
30 grams sugar, 50 grams Malunggay leaves and 30 ml honey. After that combine all the
ingredients indicated in the treatment on the mixing bowl. Mix all the ingredients using
spatula until it will be mixed thoroughly. For treatment 2 and 4, the Malunggay leaves will be
pound using mortal and pastel. In addition, the mixture will be pound using rolling pin until it
will be 1 inch flat. Next the flattened mixture will be cut using the molder. Lastly, the cut
mixture will be placed in foil and baked in a microwave oven for 20 minutes.
Data Gathering Procedure
Purposive random sampling method will used with the aide of questionnaire. In the
questionnaire there will be an instrument to evaluate the following parameters for Color,
Texture, Taste, and Appearance.
Table 1. Rating Scale in Terms of Color

Rating Mean Interval Description Interpretation
4 3.25-400 Very Attractive Highly acceptable
3 2.50-3.24 Attractive Acceptable
2 1.75-2.49 Slightly Attractive Slightly Acceptable
1 1.00-1.74 Unattractive Not Acceptable
Table 2. Rating Scale in Terms of Texture
4 3.25-400 Very Smooth Highly acceptable
3 2.50-3.24 Smooth Acceptable
2 1.75-2.49 Slightly Smooth Slightly Acceptable
1 1.00-1.74 Rough Not Acceptable
Table 3. Rating Scale in Terms of Fragrance

4 3.25-400 Very Pleasant Highly acceptable
3 2.50-3.24 Pleasant Acceptable
2 1.75-2.49 Slightly Pleasant Slightly Acceptable
1 1.00-1.74 Unpleasant Not Acceptable
Table 1. Rating Scale in Terms of Appearance

4 3.25-400 Very Appealing Highly acceptable
3 2.50-3.24 Appealing Acceptable
2 1.75-2.49 Slightly Appealing Slightly Acceptable
1 1.00-1.74 Ugly Not Acceptable
Data Analysis
The data that will be gathered in this study will be statistically analyzed using the
Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Test for significant differences among treatments
means will be subjected to Turkey-Kramer Multiple Comparison Test. Return of Investment
will also be analyzed. The rating scale used in this study is adopted from the study of Esteban
(2017).
Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
TREATMENT 1
RATING FREQUENCY DESCRIPTION INTERPRETATION
4 2 Very Appealing Highly Acceptable
3 16 Appealing Acceptable
2 10 Slightly Appealing Slightly Acceptable
1 2 Ugly Not Acceptable


TREATMENT 2
4 8 Very Attractive Highly Acceptable

3 12 Attractive Acceptable
2 6 Slightly Attractive Slightly Acceptable
1 4 Unattractive Not Acceptable
4 8 Very Smooth Highly Acceptable

3 16 Smooth Acceptable
2 4 Slightly Smooth Slightly Acceptable
1 2 Rough Not Acceptable

TREATMENT 3




TREATMENT 4




TOTAL MEAN OF EACH RATING
4 6.7 Very Appealing Highly Acceptable

2 8.5 Slightly Appealing Slightly Acceptable
Results show that Treatment one which is 200 grams of flour, 100 grams of oats and 50 mL
of blue ternate extract has a mean of 4 regarding of its color. Treatment two contains 200
grams of flour, 100 grams of oats, 30 mL of blue ternate extract and 50 grams of Malunggay
leaves with a mean of 8.5. Treatment three consists of 300 grams flour, 100 grams of oats, 50
mL of blue ternate extract and 30 mL honey with a mean of 11, which is the highest
compared to the other treatments. Finally, Treatment 4 has 300 grams flour, 100 grams of
oats, 50 mL of blue ternate extract and 30 mL honey and 50 grams of Malunggay leaves with
a mean of 6.7. Conclusion further showed regarding of the texture is, Treatment one has the
lowest mean which is 4 while, Treatment two has the better texture compared to treatment
one which is 8.5. Treatment three has a mean of 11 and lastly, Treatment four is 6.7 For the
appearance, Treatment one has a mean of 4. And the Treatment two is 8.5, Treatment three is
11 and Treatment four is 6.7. The result implies that treatment three has the most appealing
color, has the best texture and the attractive appearance among the others. It is acceptable
also acceptable
Chapter V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATION
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
The study was entitled “BOHM: Blue Ternate (Clitoria Ternatea), Oats Honey (Genus Apis),
Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) as Edible Spork”, specifically this study aimed to determine if
it will be better than the leading plastic spork for its biodegradable components. The study
with four treatments it was conducted at Libertad National High School Laboratory, last
January-March 2020. For the results, the Edible Spork is proven to be nutritious and friendly
to the environment compared to the plastic spork. It can be a help to eliminate the plastic
wastes in the community. Its components are toxic-free and also it degrades within a week.
CONCLUSION
Based on the result, it is concluded that the BOHM Spork is said to be effective and it is
acceptable.
RECCOMENDATION
Based on the results, it is recommended that: 1. there must be another related study to further
furnish the texture, taste and appearance of the Edible Spork so; it can be acceptable for
commercial purpose, as well as for the community. 2. A study that focuses on the solubility
of the product for it will be longer on liquid substances must also be conducted
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A (BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES)
Breastcancer.org. (2019). Exposure to Chemicals in Plastic. Retrieved from Breastcancer.org:

https://www.breastcancer.org/risk/factors/plastic
Conway, M.J., K. McCosker, V. Osten, S. Coaker and B.C. Pengelly, 2001. Butterfly pea - A
legume success story in cropping lands of central Queensland. Proceeding of the 10
Australian Agronomy the conference, Hobart.
Deutsche Welle. (2018, December 19). EU reaches agreement on single-use plastic ban.
Retrieved from Deutsche Welle: https://www.dw.com/en/eu-reaches-agreement-
onsingle-use-plastic-ban/a-46797494
Digital Journal. (2019). Plastic Cutlery Market Is Expected to Reach at a 2920 Million USD
by End of 2025 - QYR. Retrieved from Digital Journal:
http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/4002373
Environment and Social Development Organization. (2018, November). Press Synopsis
“Single Use Plastic (SUP) Pollution and its impact on Human Health and
Environment in Bangladesh”. Retrieved from Environment and Social Development
Organization: https://esdo.org/press-synopsis-single-use-plastic-sup-pollution-and-its-
impact-onhuman-health-and-environment-in-bangladesh
Marcela Vergara-Jimenez , Manal Mused Almatrafi and Maria Luz Fernandez, Bioactive
Components in Moringa Oleifera Leaves Protect against Chronic Disease,
Antioxidants 2017, 6, 91; doi:10.3390/antiox6040091
www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants
Munir, S. (2016, March). Edible Cutlery: The Future of Eco Friendly Utensils. Retrieved July
9, 2018, from Kickstarter:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1240116767/ediblecutlery-the-future-of-eco-
friendly-utensils
P. M. Aja , N. Nwachukwu2 , U. A. Ibiam, I. O. Igwenyi, C. E. Offor and U. O. Orji,
Chemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seeds from Abakaliki,
Nigeria, American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics,
www.ajpct.org, 2014
Parker, L. (2018, June). Plastic or Planet? Retrieved from National
Geographic:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/06/plastic-planet-
wastepollution-trash-crisis/
Parker, L. (2018, May 16). Fast Facts About Plastic Pollution. Retrieved July 10, 2018, from
National Geographic: https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/05/plastics-
factsinfographics-ocean-pollution/
Parker, L. (2018, May 16). Fast Facts About Plastic Pollution. Retrieved July 10, 2018, from
National Geographic: https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/05/plastics-
factsinfographics-ocean-pollution/
Reddy, B. D. (2016, June 22). Bakeys: You can use and eat this innovative cutlery. Retrieved
from Business Standard:
https://www.businessstandard.com/article/companies/bakeys-you-can-use-and-eat-
this-innovative-cutlery116062200024_1.html
Royal Statistical Society. (2018, December 17). Statistics of the Year 2018: Winners
announced. Retrieved from Royal Statistical Society:
https://www.statslife.org.uk/news/4026-statistics-of-the-year-2018-winnersannounced
The Business Reaserch Company. (2018, April). Plastics and Polymers Global Market
Briefing 2018. Retrieved from The Business Reaserch Company:
https://www.thebusinessresearchcompany.com/report/plastics-and-polymers-
globalmarket-briefing-2018
Hagonoy Antibacterial Soap: Its Effectivity, And Acceptability As Herbal Soap (2017,
March) Mary Jane M. Estaban.
APPENDICES
APPENDIX B (DOCUMENTATION)
CURICCULUM VIRTAE
Name: Lhean Danica L. Bangcas
Address: Mabini Dajay, Surallah South Cotabato
Birthdate: June 1, 2005
Email: Lheanbangcas5@gmail.com
Educational Background: Junior High School
School: Libertad National High School
Elementary School: Surallah Central Elementary School
School Address: Brgy. Libertad, Surallah South Cotabato

Name: Andrea B. Engane
Address: Zone 2A, Surallah South Cotabato
Birthdate: April 7, 2006
Email: kpopandrea9293949597@gmail.com
Elementary School: Emma Learning Center Inc.

Name: Mareeya Andrea Narciso
Address: Blk. 11 Lot 2 Agan Homes, Surallah South Cotabato
Birthdate: June 13, 2005
Email: mareeyaandrea@icloud.com
Elementary School: Surallah Central Elementary School

Name: Karl Anroe M. Panizales
Address: Gomez Street Zone 1 Surallah South Cotabato
Email: karlpanizales542@gmail.com
Elementary School: Purok Sison Elementary School

Name: Paul Christian Segumpan
Address: Villanueva Plains Surallah South Cotabato
Email: Educational Background: Junior High School
Elementary School: Lugan Central Elementary School
School Address: Poblacion T’boli, South Cotabato

Revised Research Study 2020 GROUP 6

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LIBERTAD NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Science, Technology, and Engineering Program

BOHM: Blue Ternate (Clitoria Ternatea), Oats, Honey (Genus Apis),

Bangcas, Lhean Danica

Narciso, Mareeya Andrea

Panizales, Karl Anroe

Segumpan, Paul Christian

Kyna Mariz Lenantud

Chapter Title Page

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope of the Study

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Locale of the Study

Data gathering procedure

IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

meet the demand and to provide an alternative of single use plastics.

Statement of the Problem

1. Which among the treatments has the highest acceptable response?

Malunggay leaves, and 30ml honey.

2. How acceptable is the edible spork in terms of:

3. How long will the edible spork dissolve in:

4. What will the Return of Investment in edible spork?

5. How long is the shelf-life of the edible spork?

for interested investors on investing in the production of edible spork.

Scope and Limitations

characteristics of different treatment and to identify which treatment is most acceptable.

extract 1:malunggay leaves:1 honey .

Clitoria ternatea (Blue Ternate)

cultivation or hand-weeding will be required during early growth. Use of pre-emergence

to achieve successful control of weeds during establishment (Conway et al., 2001).

Moringa oleifera (Malunggay)

components, including vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, isothiocyanates, tannins and

several chronic conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, diabetes,

studies. (Vergara-Jimenez et al., 2017)

acid- 2,6-dihexadecanoate(19.66%), 14 – methyl -8-Hexadecenal (8.11%) , 4- hydroxyl-4-

methyl-2-pentanone (7.01%), 3- ethyl-2, 4-dimethyl-pentane (6.14%), phytol (4.25%) ,

octadeamethyl-cyclononasiloxane (1.23%), 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid ( 2.46%), 3, 4-

epoxy- ethanone comprising (1.78%), N-(-1-methylethyllidene)-benzene ethanamine

(1.54%), 4, 8, 12, 16- tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide (2.77%), 3-5- bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-

phenol (2.55%), 1- hexadecanol (1.23%), 3, 7, 11, 15- tetramethyl-2 hexadecene-1ol (1.17%),

dihexadecanoate (9.80%), 9-octadecenoic acid (1.88%), methyl esterhexadecanoic acid

(Aja et al., 2014)

billion by 2025 (Digital Journal, 2019).

According to the aforementioned statistics, ninety-one (91) percent of plastic waste

Dependent Variables Independent Variables

 Solubility rate  Edible Spork

Malunggay- a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree of the family Moringaceae, native to

Locale of the Study

the study will be conducted.

Among other secondary schools in Surallah, the researcher personally decided to

Figure 2. Location of the Study Site

Preparation of Test Sample

Treatment 1. 200grams Treatment 2. 200grams Treatment 3. 200grams Treatment 4. 200grams flour,

Respondents of the Study

Libertad National High School, Surallah, South Cotabato.

Collection of Plant Samples

in a clean container at a room temperature preparing for the next procedure.

Malunggay leaves, and 30ml honey.

Procedure on the Formulation of Edible Spork

Data Gathering Procedure

Texture, Taste, and Appearance.