TABLES AND FIGURES

Tables
2. 1 Ratio of British bar-iron exports (including
rails) to pig-iron exports, 1821-1870 . . . 61
2.2 Iron production in Prussia, 1836-1865, in 1000
metric tons and per cent (produced from charcoal
and mineral fuel) . . . . . . . . . . 62
2.3 Railway-derived demand for iron (in pig-iron
equivalents) in Germany, 1840-1859 . . . 63
2.4 National suppliers of the stock of rails on
Prussian Railways, 1843-1863 (in per cent) 63
2.5 Belgian pig-iron exports to Germany, 1841-1856,
(in tons and per cent) . . . . . 64
2.A1 British pig-iron exports to major countries, 1821-
1870, in per cent and metric tons . . . . . . . 67
2.A2 British bar-iron exports to major countries, 1821-
1870, in per cent and metric tons . . . . . 68
2.A3 British exports of railway iron to Germany, Holland,
France and the USA, 1856-1870, in per cent and
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metric tons . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
2.A4 British pig-iron and bar-iron exports to different
countries, 1821-1835, annual averages in per cent 70
2.A5 British pig-iron exports to different countries,
1836-1870, annual averages in per cent . . . 72
2.A6 British bar-iron exports (until 1855 including
rails) to different countries, 1836-1870, annual
averages in per cent . . . . . . . 74
2.A7 British exports of railway iron to different
countries, 1856-1870, annual averages in

vii

Lee, R (ed.) 1991, German Industry and German Industrialisation : Essays in German Economic and Business History in the
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Taylor & Francis Group, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [16 June 2022].
Created from bolton on 2022-06-16 15:43:28.
 per cent 76
3.1 Investment, output and employment in German cotton
mills, 1830-1842 111
3.2 Costs of tariff collection in German customs
areas 112
3.3 The Structure of Central Government revenues in
several Zollverein member states, 1820-1850 (per
cent of total net revenues) 114
4.1 Average annual growth rates of balance sheet
totals of enterprises in selected industrial
sectors (in per cent), 1879-1913 144
4.2 Representation of the 'Big Banks' on the
supervisory boards of German joint-stock
companies, by sector (chairmen/vice-chairmen) 145
4.3 Share of bank balances in current assets,
1894/95-1913/14, in per cent . 147
5.1 Annual average rates of growth of population in
Prussian cities with 20,000 or more inhabitants,
1819-1910 179
5.2 Population growth and natural increase in Prussian
cities, 1865-1905, (per 1000 inhabitants
per year) 180
5.3 Zero-order correlations, housing stock and
selected variables (rates of growth),
Hamburg, 1874-1913 . 182
5.4 Indicators linking German urban growth and
emigration, 1819-1910, (annual average rates of
change in per cent) 183
6.1 The absolute and relative contributions of the
German pig-iron industry to net national product
and total employment, 1871-73,1908-11 195
6.2 The demand of the pig-iron industry as a share of
the output of selected industrial sectors,
1871-73,1908-11 195
6.3 Total employment in selected industrial sectors
and in the German economy (in 1,000), 1871-73,
1908-11 196
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6.4 Induced employment (in 1,000) created by the

demand of the pig-iron industry, 1871-73,1908-11 196
6.5 The direct and indirect contributions of the
pig-iron industry to employment, in absolute terms
(in 1,000), and as a proportion of total
employment, 1871-73,1908-11 197
6.6 Induced employment generated by the pig-iron
industry rearranged in absolute terms (in 1,000),
and in relation to total sectoral employment,
1871-73,1908-11 197
6.7 Total value added in selected industrial branches
and net national product in million Marks and in

viii

Lee, R (ed.) 1991, German Industry and German Industrialisation : Essays in German Economic and Business History in the
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Taylor & Francis Group, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [16 June 2022].
Created from bolton on 2022-06-16 15:43:28.
 constant 1913 prices, 1871-73,1908-11 . . . . . . 198
6.8 Induced value added generated by the pig-iron
industry in mining and transportation, in million
Marks and in constant 1913 prices, 1871-73,
1908-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
6.9 The direct and indirect contribution~ of the
pig-iron industry to net national product, in
absolute terms, in million Marks and in constant
1913 prices, and in per cent, 1871-73,1908-11 199
8.1 I.G.sales, the proportional share of products,
1913-1943, in per cent . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
8.2 The regional distribution of I.G. export sales,
1913-1941, in per cent . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
8.3 The proportional composition of I.G. exports,
1913-1937, in per cent . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
8.4 Companies (with capital of more than 1 million
R.M.) in which I.G. was involved, 1931 . . . 258
8.5 The twelve largest German chemical companies
c.1929 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
8.6 Investment and staff in I.G., 1927-1942 262
8.7 I.G. sales during the depression (average rate of
change, 1929-1933, in per cent) . . . . . . . 263
8.8 I.G. investment priorities, 1933-1944, ranked by
value.................... 264
8.9 Output of selected products from 1933 until
1943 (in tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
9.1 German foreign trade (special trade calculated in
1913 unit values), in million Goldmarks 276
9.2 The share of individual commodities in total
German imports in 1921 (special trade calculated
in 1913 unit values), and the proportion of
products of US origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
9.3 The share of US exports to total US production for
individual commodities (c.1920-3) . . . . . . . 278
9.4 German imports of individual foodstuffs and raw
materials (total, and from the US) in 1,000 tons 279
9.5 US exports of goods of indigenous and foreign
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origin (1919-1923) in million dollars (total, to

Europe, U.K. and to Germany) . . . . . . . 280
9.6 US exports of indigenous cotton in million lbs and
dollars, 1919-1923 (total, to U.K. and to 282
Germany) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.7 US export prices of indigenous goods in dollars
(monthly average), 1919-1923 . . . . . . . . . . 284

ix

Lee, R (ed.) 1991, German Industry and German Industrialisation : Essays in German Economic and Business History in the
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Taylor & Francis Group, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [16 June 2022].
Created from bolton on 2022-06-16 15:43:28.
 Figures

4.1 Number of stock companies founded between 1871 and

1913 and their respective average share capital in
mill ion Marks 124
4.2 Share capital of newly-founded joint-stock
companies in million Marks, 1871-1913, and issue of
stocks in industry in million Marks 1883-1913 125
4.3 Placement of securities in Germany 1883-1913 in
mi 11 ion Marks 130
5.1 Index of annual urban housing investment in
Germany, 1867-1913 151
5.2 Annual rate of growth of housing stock and urban
population in Prussia, 1816-1913 152
5.3 Annual rate of growth of stock of dwellings and
population in three cities, 1815-1913 153
5.4 Annual growth rates of dwelling stock and net
migration in Berlin, 1841-1909 (3-year moving
averages) 154
5.5 Annual rate of growth of stock of dwellings,
population and net migration, Hamburg, 1871-1913
(3-year moving averages) 155
5.6 Annual rate of growth of stock of dwellings in
Hamburg, 1867-1912 156
5.7 Auto correlation, annual rate of growth of stock
of dwellings in Hamburg, 1867-1912 157
5.8 Indices of housing investment, building costs and
rents, Germany 1870-1913 (annual data, trend
removed) 165
8.1 I.G. Farben industrie AG Organisation Plan
(1931) 226
Copyright © 1991. Taylor & Francis Group. All rights reserved.

Lee, R (ed.) 1991, German Industry and German Industrialisation : Essays in German Economic and Business History in the
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Taylor & Francis Group, London. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [16 June 2022].
Created from bolton on 2022-06-16 15:43:28.