SCIENCE

Covalent bond: less than 1.67 (sharing of electrons)

Ionic: 1.67 or greater (transfer of electrons)

1A Pattern of electronegativity: 2.1, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.8, 0.8 2A: 1.5, 1.2,1.0. 1.0, 0.9

3A: 2.0, 1.5 4A: 2.5, 1.8, 1.8, 1.8

VA: 3.0, 2.1, 2.0, 1.9 VIA: 3.5, 2.5

VIIA: 4.0, 3.0, 2.8, 2.5 IIIB: 1.3

IVB: 1.5 VIB: 1.7

VIIB: 1.5 VIIIB: 1.8

IX: 1.8 X: 1.8

IB: 1.9, 1.9, 2.4 IIB: 1.6, 1.9

Atomic mass/molecular mass/formula mass: amu

Molar Mass: g/mol

Mass per atom: g/atom (Avogadro’s number: 6.02x10 23)

Naming elements:

Ionic compounds: -ide, Ferrous and cuprous (Fe__ 2, Cu__2), Ferric and cupric (Fe__3, Cu__3)

Molecular compounds: mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca

Lewis dot:pag s ung huli, ung subscript ng s ln gung kukunin, pag p ung huli, iaadd ung subscript ng p at s
ENGLISH

Sequencing events:

Exact date/ time: days, weeks, months, years or period

Clue word/phrases: first, second, third, finally, lastly, then, next, before, afterward, while, when

Ellipsis:

<question> “<answer>”.

Combining ideas in clause modifiers:

Simple: simple subject and a simple predicate

Compound: has one or more simple subject and predicate; has fanboys

Complex: has independent clause and subordinating clause; has after or before

-Noun clause: dependent clause that acts as a noun

-Adjective clause: dependent clause that acts as an adjective; has relative pronoun (who, whom,
whose, that) and relative adverb (when, where, why)

-Adverbial clause: dependent clause that acts an adverb; has a subordinating conjunction (after, if,
because, although)

Combining ideas by using phrase modifiers:

Clause modifier: has relative pronoun

Phrase modifiers: has preposition; can be a participial phrase (verb with -ing, -en, -ed)

Parallel constructions: 2 nouns modified by adjective, a noun modified by 2 adjectives, verb modified by
2 adverbs

Description:

Simile: has like or as

Metaphor: straight to the point

Personification: when an object does a human action

Apostrophe: addressing someone or something that is not alive

Comparison: both, like, alike, also, as…. as, similar to/similar with, similarly, likewise, the same as,

Contrast: unlike, different from, differ from, distinguish from, in contrast with

Short answer to simple questions:

Yes, <pronoun> <positive auxiliary verb>.

No, <pronoun> <negative auxiliary verb>

Tag question:

Negative statement, positive tag q

Positive statement, negative tag q

Open condition: condition that may or may not be fulfilled; starts with if or unless; usually has will, will
be

Hypothetical condition: begins with if and past subjunctive (were); then would or should

Folklore:

-Folktales: ordinary person dealing with extraordinary experiences

-Fairy tales: princess and princes, fairy godmothers, witches, dwarves, magical creatures and other

generic fictional characters

-Myths: beginning of a practice, belief, how the world began, how humans and animals are created

-Legends: gods and heroes

-Fables: useful truth or moral; comment on how people behave

Compounding: two or more words to form a new word

Character sketch:

Type sketch: general characteristics that are common to a group ( e.g: Ted Mosby the architect, Severus
Snape the half-blood prince, etc)

Individual sketch: specific details; looks, thoughts, interests, habits (e.g: Sherlock Holmes: wears coat
and a scarf, eccentric, has great deduction skills)
TLE

Types of Menu: À la carte: according to the card; customers chooses the type of dish, each dish is priced
separately but arranged in courses (Appetizers, Main courses, vegetables, salads, desserts, beverages)

Table d'hôte: table of the host; complete meal at a fixed priced; limited no of courses, commonly a three
course meal (appetizer, main course, dessert)

Function Menu: for special occasions; menu has a fixed price and chosen beforehand

Cycle menu: planned set of menus that rotate at intervals

Menu Planning: Missions and objectives, variety of food, no of customers, skill of staff, budget,
equipment and facilities, style of service, food trends habits and preferences

Menu pattern: outline of food to be included in each meal

Meal plan: no of meal opportunities offered over a specified period of time, usually 24 hours; breakfast
lunch and dinner

Menu Writing: Capitalize the first letter of all words, present the menu items in the order they are
served, arranged the menu symmetrically, refrain from pricing the food items, relegate the beverage as
the last item

Catering: Reputation, referrals, word of mouth

Strategies: Food events, publicity, advertising, business cards, portfolio

Functions: formulating a comprehensive plan, executing the operational task, organizing the events
(Capital and financial), knowing and having the equipment needed, implementing the plan, controlling
the orgs resources, understanding legal issues

Laundry

Process: Prepare the clothes, read the label of the clothes, check the clothes,check stains, sort clothes,
soak the clothes in water, hand wash delicate items, stains may be removed by soaking warm water,
rinse clothes, hang clothes to drey, spray starch solution

Materials and supplies: Laundry soap and detergent (remove dirt and stains), big wash basin or tubs
(made from plastic tin or aluminum, comes in different sizes and shapes), laundry brush or scrub
(removing stains and sticky materials), hamper or laundry basket, clothes hangers and clothespins (help
drying in laundered fabrics), clothesline, drying rack (indoor drying)
Laundy equipment and tools: washing machine, clothes dryer, iron, ironing board

Laundry basics

Soaking clothes, bleaching, hand washing, using a washing machine, rinsing, drying, drying your clothes,
dry cleaning, ironing, stain removal (blood, candle wax, chewing gum, fat and grease, ink, mold,
perspiration and sweat, tar, urine, wine)

Laundy as a business: industrial laundry business, commercial laundry business, home-based or

residential type of laundry business

Basic design concepts

Line: mark or a stroke; vertical, horizontal, diagonal, zigzag, crooked, curved

Shapes: Mechanical (straight lines and circles), Organic shapes (natural world)

Texture: Tactile (three dimensional feel of a surface), visual (illusion on the surface of a material)

Principles: unity (all parts of the artwork agree), rhythm (in harmony), balance (symmetrical,
asymmetrical, radial)

Color wheel

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Complementary: opposite to each other; analogous: beside each other

Tint(white), shade (black), tone (gray)

Interior designing (residential interior design, commercial interior design

Landscape gardening

Landscaping: putting tables and chairs and planting flowering plants (Landscaper)

- Garden landscaping service, landscape maintenance service, water feature construction and
design services, landscape lighting services, stump grinding services

Styles: Japanese garden style (unity and elegance), Mediterranean styles (most popular type of
landscape), southwest garden style (appropriate in dry and arid places, colored stones, pots, jars,
figurines), cottage garden style (specific purpose, sustain families), tropical landscape design style (alike
to Mediterranean style (plants have much larger leaves), Formal garden design style (use straight lines
and geometrical shapes. Balanced, plants are trimmed)

Hand tools for landscaping: trowel (digging small areas for planting), garden hoe (cultivating or creating
furrows for seeds), garden fork (loosening up and cultivating soil), rake (get rid of pebbles and rock; leaf
rake and professional rake), Garden spade (digging and loosening soil), garden broom (heavy duty and
soft broom), shovel (digging up holes), garden knife and scissors (trimming, pruning, cutting wood),
Garden hose and sprinkler

Planning a landscape garden

Steps: Gathering info about the area, determine area conditions and maintenance requirements,
considering garden elements and plants, reviewing and finalizing the plan

Selecting plants: consult an expert on plants, look for a plant nursery, select native plants, shop for
thickly rooted plants, select low maintenance plants materials
MAPEH

MUSIC

Thai Classical ensemble: influenced by Kmer; music is polyphonic

-Piphat: “dragon dancing”; ranat, pi, klong, khong wong lek and khong wong yai; hard mallets-outdoors,
padded hammers-indoors; funeral and cremation, large shadow pupper theaters and khon dance drama

-Khrueng sai: percussion and wind instruments; saw duang, saw u, three string jakhe; instrumental
indoor performances and accompanying thai hoon grabok or stick puppet theatre

-Mahori: played by women; smaller instruments

Traditional or folk music:

-Luh thung: song of the child of the fields

-Mor Lam: pi, vot, khuy, heun, chakhe, saw, khim, phin, kachappi, ranat, sing, sap, kap, khong

-Lam phi fa: pacify spirits in cases of possessions

-Mor Lam Kon: vocal battle between sexes (lam tai san, lam tang nyao, lam toei)

-Lam Chotkae: variant of lam kon, topics on religion, geography or history

-Mor lam mu

-Mor lam phoen

-Lam phuen

Kantrum thai music: percussion and tro; Darkie

Pop and rock in thai:

Khru Eua Sunthorsanan: set up the first thai jazz band

Pleng that sakorn: jazz band; evolved to luk grung; Bhumibol

Phleng pheua chiwit: String; “Songs for life”; earliest band was Caravan

Tuning: act of adjusting the pitch in many tones (A=440Hz)

ARTS

Elements: line, size, shape, color, form, space, texture, tone or value

Principles: movement (scale and proportion), unity, harmony, variety, balance, contrast, proportion,
pattern or rhythm

Painting: intensity, color, non traditional elements, rhythm

Media: oil, tempera, pastel, acrylic, watercolor, ink, hot wax, fresco, gonache, enamel, spray paint

Styles: modernism, impressions, abstract, photorealism, surrealism

Sculpture:

Techniques: stone carving (petro glyphs, monumental sculpture, hard stone carving), bronze sculpture,
wood carving, casting, Egyptian sculpture, Greek and roman sculpture, early Christian sculpture, gothic
sculpture, renaissance sculpture, baroque and rococo sculpture, neoclassical sculpture

Architecture:

Egypt: pyramids; Greek: Acropolis in Athens (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian); Roman: domes; Romanesque:
gothic (tall pillars, high curved seilings and pointed arches)

Art deco: “art moderne”, “modernistic

PE

Softball skills: gripping the ball, throwing (overhand, underhand) pitching, ready position for fielders,
fielding (fly balls, grounders, sure stop for outfield balls, catcher’s position), batting (choke grip, long
grip, middle grip, bunt position), bunting, base running, scoring

Track and field:

Skills: Starting (standing start, sprinter start), Running (sprinting, distance running), baton passing,
jumping (standing long jump, long jump, hop step and jump, high jump), relay (circular relay, shuttle
relay)

Traditional larong pinoy: Patintero, sipa, tumbang preso, luksong tinik

Camping:

Activities: swimming, climbing, fishing, hill walking, mountaineering, biking, kayaking, canoeing

Backpacking: mobile variety of tent camping, cheapest way to camp, most uncomfortable

Mobile camping: may involver riding an animal

Basic equipment for camping: first aid kit, tent, hammer, sleeping bag, lantern or flashlight, hatchet, fire
starter, folding chairs, ropes, raincoat, hiking boots, fishing pole, kitchen items, trash bags, insect
repellent, sunscreen, beverages, tripod chained grill

Benefits: strength for all ages, enjoying nature and clearing negative minds, appreciate nature, friends
bonding time, appreciating simple living, jogging for physical health, bikin for endurance, adventure for
independence, fun and building, friendship

Preparing: have a hiking partner or group, Plan your hiking trip, Make sure you are familiar with the
place you are giving, check the weather forecast, check if your destination place requires permit or other
required preparations, carry enough water supply to get you from one source to another, plan your
meals with your partners
HEALTH

Air Pollution

-Carbon Monoxide: car exhaust and other motor vehicles, damages red blood cells

-Hydrocarbons: fuels and gases made of hydrogen and carbon; develops lung diseases

-Particulates: pollen from plants, dust from soil, ashes and smokes

-Sulfur oxide: burning coal and oil in power plants and factories; forms acid rain

-Nitrogen oxide: given off by vehicles mixed with acid rain

-Smog: nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

Water pollution

-Sediments: bits of soil and sand

-Sewage: feces or ditry water from homes and factories

-Soluble wates: pollutants that dissolve or become liquid; phosphates and chemical fertilizers

-Heat: thermal pollution

Effects: dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera, hepatitis A; red tides

Land pollution

-poor mining practices, excessive cutting of trees, hazardous wastes, chemical, radioactive materials

-Green space: areas with plants

-Topsoil: top layer of the soil that holds most of the nutrients; soil erosion (to reduce contour plowing)

-Herbicides: destroy weeds

-Pesticides: kills pests

-Solid wastes

-incineration

Hazardous wastes: nuclear wastes, chemical wastes

Community health agencies: DENR (department of the environment and natural resources)

Health services, restaurant inspections, dairy inspections, water quality contro;

Para Sa Aking Ama

Para sa Aking Mahal na Ama

Mr Congressman