NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED TRAINING, HIGH QUALITY,

AND POHE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COURSE

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC PROJECT

Topic: Research on the impact of TPP on Vietnam's
aquaculture export industry and some solutions to promote
seafood exports to TPP member countries by 2025

Student name : Lê Quang Huy

Student code : 11192375

Specialized : International Economic
Class : High Quality International Economic 61A
Teacher : Mr. Nguyen Xuan Hung
Phone number : 0903201642
Email : hungnx@neu.edu.vn
Student phone number : 0914996686
Student email : huymap6501@gmail.com

Hanoi, 06/2022

1
Huy

STATUTORY DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this assignment is entirely my own work. The quotations and
materials used in the exercise are completely honest, are cited and guaranteed to the highest
degree of accuracy to the best of my knowledge. If it is not as stated above, I take responsibility
for my assignment.
Student
Le Quang Huy
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

To carry out and complete this project, data sources from reputable agencies as well as
magazines and newspapers have supported the group a lot. The research has been completed
based on references, learning experiences and inheriting from related research results, books and
specialized journals of many authors at universities, research organizations, political
organizations...
First of all, I would like to thank the National Economics University in general
and the leadership of the Institute of Advanced and High Quality and POHE in particular for
creating favorable conditions for us to have a favorable environment. learn, gain experience and
capture useful information based on providing lectures of subjects related to the research topic.
In particular, I would like to thank Mr.Nguyen Xuan Hung, who directly guided
me throughout the course of the exercise. During the time working with you, I have not stopped
learning to accumulate a lot of useful knowledge for myself, but also have learned a serious and
effective working spirit, these are very necessary things for me in my career. future study and
work
I have tried a lot to complete this research topic, but shortcomings cannot be
avoided. Therefore, I hope that you and others who are interested in the topic can continue to
give suggestions and help to improve the topic.
Wishing everyone good health, happiness and success in life!
Hanoi, April 15th 2022
Student
Le Quang

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Abstract

The TPP is expected by the world to become a comprehensive, high-quality trade framework that
is a template for 21st century Agreements. This Agreement will have a certain effect on the
import and export of agricultural products in general and seafood in particular of Vietnam. This
article focuses on giving an overview of the TPP, analyzing the current situation of Vietnam's
seafood import and export into TPP member countries in the past time, clarifying the
opportunities and challenges for the seafood industry when Vietnam Nam joined the TPP, and at
the same time made a number of proposals and recommendations to take advantage of
opportunities, overcome challenges, and contribute to promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to
the markets of TPP member countries in the near future.

Keywords: TPP, aquaculture, export, tariffs, technical barriers.

Content

1. Introduction

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a new-generation free trade agreement that is expected to
have huge impacts on member economies. This article analyzes the impacts of TPP on Vietnam's
export aquaculture (Aquaculture) industry. The TPP will have positive effects on Vietnam's
export industry through opportunities in market access, foreign investment, advanced science
and technology, and access to international arbitration institutions. neutral economy... Besides,
TPP will also be able to create challenges due to stronger competition in the domestic market,
higher requirements for meeting technical standards,for export aquatic products and labor and
environmental standards in aquaculture.

2. Research overview, theoretical basis and research methods assist:

2.1. Research overview and related theoretical basis

Relating to the theoretical and practical basis on the topic of competitiveness of exported seafood
has been studied at home and abroad with different approaches and levels, through research
works. , publications are published. The content of some major research works of domestic and
foreign authors in recent years can be mentioned as follows:

The study "Improving the competitiveness of Vietnamese seafood exporters to 2030". This is a
doctoral thesis by Tran The Hoang and will be completed in 2021. The thesis has systematized
the development of seafood export enterprises. To develop competitive theory of enterprises,
measure the components of competitiveness, analyze the current situation of strengths and

3
weaknesses, thereby proposing groups of basic solutions to improve the competitiveness of
enterprises. competitiveness of Vietnamese seafood exporters by 2030.

The study "Improving the competitiveness of Vietnam's seafood processing industry", This is the
doctoral thesis in economics conducted by Bui Duc Tuan, completed in 2019. The thesis
analyzes and evaluates the current state of energy. competitiveness of the seafood processing
industry in Vietnam, analyzing potential factors and advantages of Vietnam in the process of
developing the seafood processing industry, thereby uncovering the problems posed for the
seafood processing industry. Vietnamese products in terms of world economic integration. The
thesis has assessed the competitive status of the industry, the barriers that affect the improvement
of the competitiveness of the seafood processing industry in Vietnam, in addition to certain
competitive advantages compared to other countries. other countries in the world.

Research by co-authors Arie Pieter van Duijn, Rik Beukers and Willem van der Pijl, "The
VietNamese seafood sector A value chain analysis", published in 2020. The work focuses on
analyzing the following contents: characteristics and trends. trends of Vietnam's seafood
industry; EU demand for Vietnamese seafood; bottlenecks for Vietnam's seafood exports to the
EU The work uses a global value chain tool to analyze four sub-sectors of Vietnam's seafood
industry. Vietnamese seafood: shrimp, pangasius, tuna and sub-sectors, oysters, mussels Report
“The Fisheries Sector in Vietnam: A Strategic Economic Analysis” by the Embassy of Denmark
in Vietnam in Phase II of Fisheries Sector Support Program, Early 2020. This study was
presented to Vietnamese government policymakers, to provide a basis for making the right
choices in selecting and designing Government intervention design in Vietnam's fisheries sector
The study focuses on the following key issues: Overall assessment on Vietnam's seafood
industry; Aquaculture in Vietnam; Fisheries...

Although there are many research works related to this problem, none of them really focus on
solutions that need to be implemented immediately to be able to improve . Therefore, this article
will analyze the current situation of seafood import and export of Vietnam into TPP member
countries, clarifying opportunities and challenges for the seafood industry when Vietnam joins
TPP, At the same time, some proposals and recommendations were made to take advantage of
opportunities, overcome challenges, and contribute to promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to
the markets of TPP member countries in the coming time.

2.2. Theoretical framework or analytical framework used in the article

(do not have)

2.3. Research Methods:

Document Research, Observation

3. Research results and discussion:

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3.1. Research results:

3.1.1. Basic contents of the TPP Agreement related to the export aquaculture industry

The objective of TPP is to facilitate trade by eliminating taxes and barriers for import and export
goods and services between member countries… Here are some basic related agreements. related
to the aquaculture export industry.

* Agreement on trade facilitation in the fisheries sector

Tariff reduction: Member countries will reduce 90% of import and export taxes on goods and
cut them by 0% according to the roadmap. Vietnam's seafood exports are entitled to a tax rate of
0% immediately after the Agreement comes into effect or after 3-5 years. Specifically, the US,
Singapore and Chile committed to eliminate import-export tax on Vietnamese pangasius and
shrimp as soon as the Agreement took effect; Canada, Japan, Australia commit to eliminate after
3-5 years. For Mexico, Pangasius, Basa, will be eliminated in the 3rd year, Frozen shrimp will be
eliminated in the 13th year, Processed shrimp will be eliminated in the 12th year. Vietnam is
committed to implementing the elimination roadmap. tariffs in the 8th year for imported
(imported) aquatic products.

Simplify border controls: Regulations relating to phytosanitary measures (SPS) apply only to
the extent necessary and are non-discriminatory. TPP accepts equivalence, recognizes epidemic-
free areas, transparency, permits the application of urgent measures, facilitates inspection
process, technical consultation and strengthening between the parties.

Rules of Origin for Goods: TPP member countries agree on a common set of rules of origin to
identify a particular good as “originating” and thus enjoy preferential tariffs in the TPP. The TPP
Agreement also provides for "aggregation" so that input materials from one TPP party are treated
like materials from another party if used to produce a product in any of the TPP parties.
However, for seafood products (except tuna), regulations allow the use of seed and input
materials imported outside TPP.

Customs procedures: TPP facilitates trade through simplification and harmonization of customs
procedures, application of a common mechanism for certification of origin, self-certification of
origin, transparency of financial institutions and animal and plant health and safety (SPS)…

Export subsidies: For agricultural and fishery products, in addition to cutting tariffs according
to the schedule, member countries also loosen other restrictive policies, including: removing
export subsidies, regulations on export credits, do not allow the use of special safeguard
measures…

* Commitment to facilitation in the field of investment and finance

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The TPP agreement provides commitments that allow investors to be unrestricted in the transfer
of capital and assets into and out of a country; except for cases affecting the macroeconomic
balance or related to crime, tax evasion. The TPP also sets forth principles that require fair and
non-discriminatory investment protection and policies to uphold the rule of law, while ensuring
the ability of member governments to achieve legitimate public policy goals. The TPP provides
for the same basic investment protection as in other trade agreements.

The Agreement also provides for neutral and transparent international arbitration for investment
disputes. The procedural safeguard mechanism includes: transparent arbitration process,
submissions by interested parties, third party submissions; a review is conducted of insignificant
claims and a determination of attorneys' fees; interim review and decision mechanism; binding
interpretation of the TPP parties; …

The contents of commitments on financial services include expanding commitments on market

opening along with a transparency mechanism, allowing exceptions. The TPP provides
opportunities to open up investment and cross-border markets while ensuring that TPP members
maintain adequate regulatory authority over financial institutions and markets, taking urgent
measures. in the event of a crisis. Accordingly, it allows the cross-border sale of specific
financial services to a TPP member from a service supplier of another TPP member without
requiring the service supplier to establish a base of operations. in another country to sell its
services.

The TPP Agreement also includes specific commitments on portfolio management, electronic
card payment services and information transfer for data processing; The specific provisions on
investment disputes relate to minimum standards of treatment based on customary international
commercial law, as well as those relating to financial services professionals in arbitration and
special sequence mechanism intended to facilitate the application of prudent and other
exceptions.

* Other commitments

Commitment to harmonize institutions and policies among member countries. The TPP is
expected to include commitments on cross-cutting issues such as the harmonization of legal
regulations, competitiveness, issues of supporting the development of small and medium-sized
enterprises, supply chains, and development assistance…

3.1.2. Overview of Vietnam's aquaculture export industry

According to a report of the Vietnam Directorate of Fisheries, it is estimated that by the end of
June, the total fishery production will reach 4.1 million tons, increased 3% over the same period
in 2020. Of which, the fishing yield will reach nearly 2 million tons, increase 1%; aquaculture

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output reached 2.1 million tons, increase 4%; The value of seafood export turnover in the first 6
months of the year was estimated at 4.1 billion USD, increased 13.6% over the same period and
reaching 47.1% of the plan thanks to the recovery of consumer demand in major markets such as
the US, the European Union (EU) and other potential markets.

Regarding shrimp, in the first 6 months of 2021, shrimp production is estimated at 371 thousand
tons, increased 12% over the same period in 2020. In which, the yield of Black Tiger is nearly
113 thousand tons, and the yield of Vannamei is nearly 113 thousand tons. Vannamei reached
nearly 258 thousand tons. Regarding Pangasius, it is estimated that by the end of June 2021, the
harvested yield will reach 704.1 thousand tons, increased 0.9% compared the same period;
Pangasius export turnover reached 637.9 million USD, increased 14.7% over the same period.

Compared with the target, the total yields reached 104.3%, of which, the aquaculture production
reached 102.3%, the fishing yield reached 106.8 %; compared with the whole year plan target,
the total fishery yield reached 47.6%; in which, exploitation yield reached 51.9%, aquaculture
production reached 44.2%. These results are positive despite many difficulties of Covid-19
pandemic.

Source: Statista

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Seafood export value has increased healthily

Thanks to the recovery of consumer demand in major markets of Vietnamese seafood such as the
US, EU and other potential markets, Vietnam’s seafood export turnover in June 2021 increased
by 20% compared to the same period last year. As a result, seafood export value in the first 6
months of the year reaches 4.1 billion USD.

According to Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP), Pangasius is

being consumed well in the US, European, and Chinese markets. As of the end of June 2021,
Vietnam’s export value of other seafood products reached 1.6 billion USD, increase 16% over
the same period in 2020. Seafood sources accounted for nearly 40% of the export proportion in
the first 6 months of this year; in which, tuna export value reached 364 million USD, increased
24% over the same period in 2020. Export value of squid and octopus reached 277 million USD,
increased 15% compared to the same period last year. Other types of fish reached USD 847
million, up 13%.

Mr. Truong Dinh Hoe, General Secretary of VASEP said that squid, octopus and tuna are all
growing in most major markets. In recent months, import value of Vietnamese tuna has increased
1.5 times in the US market compared to the same period last year, so in the first half of the year,
tuna export value to the US increased by 23%. The US is consuming 43% of Vietnam’s tuna.
When the US market reopens, all segments of tuna products have the opportunity to increase
market share. Other key markets all have very optimistic signals of growth. Typically, Italy
increased 122% in the first 6 months, Israel increased 37%, Canada increased 62%.

The Chinese market is Vietnam’s fifth largest cephalopod consumption market, accounting for
6% of total exports of squid and octopus. In the last 3 years, Vietnam’s export value of squid and
octopus to China have tended to grow continuously. The export value of squid and octopus in
2020 will increase by nearly 61% compared to 2019. Entering 2021, this growth trend will
continue. Import value of dried squid and grilled squid into China from Vietnam continued to
grow impressively by more than 300% compared to 2020. Besides, Vietnam’s export value of
fresh and frozen squid to this market have also increased again.

Regarding the Korean market, the largest market for Vietnam’s squid and octopus consumption,
accounting for 41% of the total export volume of squid and octopus, is on an increasing trend,
with a growth rate of 7-8%. The Japanese market, accounting for 20% of Vietnam’s squid and
octopus export value, is also showing a good trend. At the same time, export value of squid and
octopus to Italy have grown sharply by 170% in recent months and increased by nearly 70% in
the first half of the year. Those are good news for Vietnam’s seafood exports to reach $9 billion
in 2021.

3.1.3. Analyzing the impact of TPP on Vietnam's aquaculture export industry

Positive effects of TPP

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* Expanded consumption market

Currently, the member countries participating in the TPP are all strategic partners of Vietnam's
seafood. The total value of seafood exports to these 11 markets reached over 3 billion USD,
accounting for nearly 50% of the total seafood export value. In theory, TPP will be an
opportunity for Vietnamese seafood enterprises to expand their market. Trade barriers are
removed forming a larger regional seafood consumption market. In addition, Vietnam's seafood
products will be more competitive in the TPP market than those outside the bloc because these
countries do not enjoy preferential tariffs. For example, TPP will make Vietnamese shrimp
exports to the Japanese market more competitive than Agentina, Ecuador and India when these
three countries do not have a free trade agreement (FTA) with Japan.

However, in fact, the tax rates of many TPP member countries on Vietnamese seafood products
before TPP were quite low. For example, for Peru, Canada, the MFN tariff is now approximately
0%, or Malaysia, Singapore, Australia... tariffs have been eliminated under FTAs in ASEAN and
ASEAN+. This shows that Vietnam's seafood products also do not benefit much from the
reduction/elimination of tariffs. For the Japanese market, tariffs on Vietnamese seafood imported
into this country on average account for about 3.5% for live seafood and 7.3% for processed
seafood, so TPP will be an opportunity. so that Vietnamese seafood has more competitive
advantages in price when exporting to Japan.

* Access to more diverse input sources in aquaculture

For enterprises operating in the field of aquaculture for export using imported materials, TPP
will be an opportunity for enterprises to import input materials from countries in the TPP. With
the reduction of import tax to 0%, it will create opportunities to import advanced seafood
processing machinery, equipment and technology from the TPP market to serve production and
business activities of seafood enterprises. The import of input materials from seed, feed, disease
prevention and treatment drugs for aquaculture to processing and preservation technology, etc.
will benefit from having access to cheaper import prices, helping reduce production costs,
stabilize input sources, improve business efficiency and competitiveness of export products.

* Reducing procedures and costs in export activities

The phytosanitary measures (SPS) specified in the TPP help reduce costs for businesses.
Accordingly, goods from an already recognized immune or quasi-immunity zone will not need
any additional certification of quality standards, especially since TPP allows for electronic self-
certification and certification. However, this regulation will also pose challenges for seafood
enterprises in building and adjusting all behaviors to enhance responsibility and maintain trust
among businesses in business activities.

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The TPP Agreement stipulates a self-certification mechanism of origin in the inspection and
determination of origin for import and export goods. This mechanism allows enterprises to self-
declare the origin of their goods, instead of the current management method, which requires
enterprises to submit to the customs office the Certificate of Origin issued by the competent
authority of the exporting country. This new regulation allows exporting enterprises to reduce the
time and procedures performed in the process of proving the origin of seafood, thereby reducing
costs for enterprises.

Enterprises importing input materials such as feed, breeders, etc. will not have to go through tax
refund procedures, which can also be considered as a small benefit. Exporting seafood products
can also increase competitiveness thanks to the use of low-cost production support services such
as transportation and storage in TPP member countries... In addition, TPP also creates favorable
conditions for the region. Domestic production of raw materials developed thanks to the import
of animal feed, raw materials, supplies, equipment and machinery at cheaper prices from TPP
member countries; increase opportunities for joint venture cooperation to improve product
quality and improve the production chain of aquatic products.

* Access to investment capital, modern technical technology in aquaculture for export

With the requirements of commitments with extensive openness in many fields, trade and
investment relations between Vietnam and TPP member countries are forecasted to develop
strongly, leading to investment capital flows between Vietnam. with countries in the bloc and
also with countries outside the TPP. Vietnam is expected to receive investment projects from
new partners such as Mexico, Peru, and Chile. At that time, seafood enterprises have the
opportunity to access investment capital from abroad to expand the import scale and improve the
competitiveness of seafood products. Besides, through investment cooperation in aquaculture
with foreign enterprises, it will create favorable conditions to increase opportunities to access
science and technology of aquaculture enterprises, thereby improving productivity, quality,
ensuring hygiene and safety. food and environmental protection.

* Access to neutral international arbitration institutions in settling cases related to international

trade in seafood exports.

Vietnam's seafood products entering major markets are often subject to technical barriers from
importing countries. In many cases, these impositions are not right to the detriment of
Vietnamese enterprises. Vietnamese seafood enterprises must accept to comply with those
unreasonable impositions because they do not have access to international legal services to
effectively sue. When participating in TPP, enterprises can have more favorable access to neutral
and transparent international arbitration institutions for disputes over safeguard mechanisms as
well as investment and avoid/reduce disadvantages caused by the application of international
law. ordered from importing countries to protect domestic production.

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In addition, joining the TPP with high commitments requires further institutional reform, which
will have a positive impact on the continued improvement of domestic policy institutions.
Vietnam is also recognized by member countries as a market economy, on the basis of which it is
possible to reduce the risks of investigation or imposition of anti-dumping tax in the seafood
industry.

Challenges for the aquaculture export industry

* Increased competition in the domestic market

Currently, import tax on seafood products of Vietnam applies from 10 to 30% to other countries.
Although it has been subject to large taxes, some seafood products from some countries are still
cheaper than domestic products when entering Vietnam. Therefore, the seafood industry will
have to face stiff competition with seafood products of TPP member countries, the market share
of Vietnam's seafood products may be narrowed.

* Technical protection barriers from TPP countries increase

Seafood is a sensitive commodity group and TPP countries may apply protection measures for
this group of products through quarantine regulations, antibiotic residue testing, and labeling
requirements. , traceability, social responsibility... will be strictly controlled with more
frequency. Stricter requirements on technical standards and technological processes are also
considered as a barrier to Vietnam's seafood export production. To export to TPP, Vietnamese
enterprises must comply with the provisions of regulations that will make it difficult for small
and medium-sized enterprises in the aquaculture industry to meet the requirements due to limited
technical and financial capacity. In the current TPP negotiations, it is almost impossible to solve
this problem because the negotiation contents do not mention the issue of limiting the right to
issue new SPS and TBT conditions of TPP members. Therefore, countries can still unilaterally
apply new or adjusted SPS and TBT conditions, thereby preventing seafood imports from TPP
members in general and Vietnam in particular.

* Labor and environmental issues regulated in TPP

Fishery is an industry that needs a large labor force, including both simple and specialized
workers. Strict labor constraints and regulations from TPP (work safety, wage regime, working
hours, occupational hygiene, ban on forced labor, ban on child labor... ) will increase more
challenges for seafood enterprises. Regulations on wastewater from farming ponds are also a
factor causing difficulties for farmers leading to higher production costs of aquaculture
enterprises.

3.1.4. Some conclusions and recommendations

TPP forms a common market with large scale, reduced business costs, favorable policy and
business environment, thereby promoting export and investment activities in Vietnam's

11
aquaculture export industry. However, the group of barriers in the form of technical regulations,
hygiene and epidemiology is expected to increase, thus causing impacts and nullifying the
benefits from tariff reduction for seafood products. increasing costs for aquaculture export
enterprises. High standards on labor, environment, are considered as great challenges for
improving production models and cycles in the Fisheries industry… These barriers are even
riskier than tariffs. . To develop the export aquaculture industry in the context of TPP integration,
the Government needs to implement some of the following solutions:

Firstly, improve the organization of imports according to the value chain from importing raw
materials to processing and consuming in order to create cohesion and share profits and risks
between raw material importers and seafood processing enterprises. To build industrial farming
areas to import large commodities. Improve the environment, encourage investment of
businesses, support to promote linkage models between processing and consumption enterprises
and farmers.

Secondly, training and developing human resources for fisheries in line with the needs of import
development, especially skilled and technical workers, and management workers. Promulgating
policies to encourage research and training institutions to associate with enterprises, farms and
importing establishments to quickly bring technical progress and new technologies to import.
Promote cooperation with TPP countries on science, technology and techniques in aquaculture
and seafood processing for export. Promote the application of new, advanced and
environmentally friendly technologies to reduce and handle environmental pollution in the
aquaculture process.

Third, strengthen the inspection and control and organize the management and supervision of the
community to manage the environment and apply strict sanctions to import establishments that
do not comply with the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection. environmental
protection to minimize arbitrary discharge of import facilities that pollute the environment.
Invest in perfecting the infrastructure system to serve imports, especially waste and wastewater
treatment in the process. NK to ensure the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection...

Fourth, there are mechanisms and policies to encourage investment in developing models of
concentrated aquaculture areas, policies on strengthening quality management and stabilizing
prices of some key imported seafood products, policies on encouraging the application of
technical advances and standards to improve the quality of aquatic products...

Fifth, perfect the system of standards, technical regulations, processes and conditions in the
fields of seafood production and business as a basis for management and socialization of a
number of stages in state management on seafood.

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II.Research and propose solutions to promote Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP member
countries by 2025

In the context of deepening global economic integration and with the participation in the signing
of new-generation free trade agreements, besides opportunities, the seafood industry also faces
many difficulties and challenges when exporting. in general and exported to TPP member
countries in particular. Although Vietnam's seafood export has achieved good growth, most of it
has only increased in volume, most exports are raw, semi-processed products with low processed
content, due to added value. exports are low, the competitiveness of Vietnam's seafood exports is
still low and slow to improve. Vietnamese enterprises still have to import input materials for
production and export processing, Vietnamese seafood products do not have their own brand and
are often exported by entrustment or through intermediaries. The ability to meet regulations on
rules of origin, traceability, quality and environmental standards as committed in integration
commitments is still limited...

Therefore, after the research, some solutions have been obtained as follows:

1. Systematize and establish a theoretical basis for promoting a country's seafood export, which
has clarified the concept, content, role and factors affecting the promotion of seafood export.
property of a country.

2. Choose to study the experience of Thailand in exporting seafood to Japan, Malaysia's

exporting seafood to Singapore - these are two countries with quite similar conditions to Vietnam
to draw suggestive lessons for Vietnam. It can be seen that one of the most successful
experiences of other countries that Vietnam can refer to is the well implementation of seafood
export promotion activities. Thailand and Malaysia have succeeded in promoting seafood exports
thanks to the simultaneous implementation of activities to promote the development of domestic
supply as well as stimulate the demand of seafood import markets. In terms of stimulating the
development of seafood supply, Thailand and Malaysia both focus on measures such as
incentives, investment incentives and tax exemptions for projects producing export products;
encouraging structural transformation, improving food quality and safety, diversifying products
and intensifying deep processing, increasing added value of exported seafood, etc. The two
countries also stimulated import demand for aquatic products. products of other countries
through enhancing the promotion of images and brands of seafood products and seafood
processing enterprises in import markets; strengthen the signing of participation in bilateral and
multilateral FTAs; to build trade centers to display and introduce goods in import markets;
strengthen the organization of events, participate in fairs and exhibitions of seafood products in
the import market...

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3. Analyzing the current situation of promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP member
countries as well as factors affecting Vietnam's seafood export promotion. In fact, Vietnam's
seafood exports to TPP countries in 2016 reached about 3 billion USD, accounting for 49% of
Vietnam's total seafood export turnover, but only focused on the US and Japan markets. . Other
markets in the TPP, including the third and fourth ranked markets such as Canada and Australia,
account for a small proportion of Vietnam's seafood exports to TPP. Despite its high export
potential, Vietnam still accounts for a relatively small proportion of the total seafood imports of
TPP countries. The structure of export products is slow to change, Vietnam still mainly exports
raw and semi-processed aquatic products, processed export products with high added value still
account for a low proportion of the total turnover. seafood export of Vietnam. Vietnamese
seafood products have not yet built a brand name in export markets, especially in the retail
segment for consumers... These weaknesses need to have solutions to promote seafood exports of
Vietnam. Vietnam to TPP member countries.

4. Analysis of the current situation of promoting Vietnam's seafood exports to selected member
countries such as Canada, Japan, and Austrlia - these are important seafood export markets of
Vietnam in the TPP. In addition to assessing the market potential of other countries, the authors
also analyze in depth the situation of Vietnam's seafood exports to these countries, especially the
policies and measures of other countries towards these imported seafood products.

Reference:

1.Vietnam's International Aquaculture Industry Event

https://www.aquafisheriesexpo.com/vietnam/en-us/news-updates/vietnam-aquaculture-overview

2.Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers

https://seafood.vasep.com.vn/

3. Industry And Trade Magazine

https://tapchicongthuong.vn/bai-viet/nghien-cuu-anh-huong-cua-tpp-den-nganh-nuoi-trong-
thuy-san-xuat-khau-cua-viet-nam-48283.htm

4. Statista

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028061/vietnam-main-aquaculture-production-volume/

14
I. Ảnh hưởng của TPP đến ngành Nuôi trồng thủy sản xuất khẩu của Việt Nam

1. Những nội dung cơ bản của Hiệp định TPP có liên quan đến ngành NTTS XK
- Thỏa thuận về tạo thuận lợi thương mại trong lĩnh vực thủy sản
- Cam kết về tạo thuận lợi trong lĩnh vực đầu tư và tài chính
- Một số cam kết khác

2. Tổng quan ngành NTTS XK của Việt Nam

3. Phân tích ảnh hưởng của TPP đến ngành NTTS XK của Việt Nam
3.1. Những ảnh hưởng tích cực của TPP
- Thị trường tiêu thụ mở rộng
- Tiếp cận nguồn đầu vào trong NTTS đa dạng hơn
- Giảm thủ tục và chi phí trong hoạt động XK
- Tiếp cận nguồn vốn đầu tư, công nghệ kỹ thuật hiện đại trong NTTS XK
- Tiếp cận với các tổ chức trọng tài quốc tế trung lập trong giải quyết các vụ kiện liên
quan đến thương mại quốc tế trong XK thủy sản.
3.2. Những thách thức đối với ngành NTTS XK
- Cạnh tranh gia tăng ngay tại thị trường nội địa
- Các hàng rào bảo hộ kỹ thuật từ các nước TPP gia tăng
- Vấn đề sử dụng lao động và môi trường quy định trong TPP
4. Một số kết luận

II. Nghiên cứu đề xuất giải pháp thúc đẩy xuất khẩu mặt hàng thủy sản của Việt
Nam sang các quốc gia thành viên TPP đến năm 2025

1. Hệ thống hóa và xác lập cơ sở lý luận về thúc đẩy xuất khẩu thủy sản của một quốc
gia, trong đó đã làm rõ khái niệm, nội dung, vai trò và các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thúc
đẩy xuất khẩu hàng thủy sản của một quốc gia.
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2. Lựa chọn nghiên cứu kinh nghiệm của Thái Lan trong xuất khẩu thủy sản sang Nhật
Bản, của Malaysia xuất khẩu thủy sản sang Singapore - đây là hai nước có điều kiện
khá tương đồng với Việt Nam để rút ra bài học gợi mở cho Việt Nam

3. Phân tích thực trạng thúc đẩy xuất khẩu thủy sản của Việt Nam sang các quốc gia
thành viên TPP thời gian qua cũng như các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thúc đẩy xuất khẩu
thủy sản của Việt Nam.

4. Phân tích thực trạng thúc ñẩy xuất khẩu thủy sản của Việt Nam sang một số nước
thành viên lựa chọn là Canada, Nhật Bản, Austrlia - ñây là những thị trường xuất khẩu
thủy sản quan trọng của Việt Nam trong TPP

TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO:

1. Bộ Tài chính (2015), “Tóm tắt cam kết thuế quan trong TPP”, Thông cáo báo chí,
11/2015.
2. Hiệp hội Thủy sản Việt Nam (2016), Tổng quan ngành Thủy sản Việt Nam.
3. Jay L. Eizenstat, Esq (2011), Đàm phán Hiệp định Thương mại xuyên Thái Bình
Dương - TPP: Cơ hội và thách thức đối với Việt Nam, Bài đăng kỷ yếu Hội thảo Khoa
học. Phòng Thương mại và Công nghiệp Việt Nam phối hợp với Miller & Chevalier
Chartered tổ chức. Hà Nội.
4. Peter A.Petri và cộng sự (2013), Hiệp định hợp tác xuyên Thái Bình Dương và tác
động của Hiệp định tới nền kinh tế Việt Nam.
5. Viện NCQLKT Trung ương (2014), Tác động của Hiệp định đối tác kinh tế chiến lược
xuyên Thái Bình Dương (TPP): Lợi ích chính trị và khuyến nghị chính sách, Trung tâm
Thông tin tư liệu.

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