I.

Overview of the government agency and its functions

According to their official website, The Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH) is one of the three departments of the government undertaking major infrastructure
projects. The DPWH is mandated to undertake the planning of infrastructures, such as national
roads and bridges, flood control, water resources projects, and other public works, as well as
designing, constructing, and maintaining the national bridges and effective flood control systems.
The department aims to provide and manage quality infrastructure facilities and services
responsive to the needs of the Filipino people in the pursuit of national development objectives
and ultimately become an effective and efficient government agency that improves the life of
every Filipino through quality infrastructure by 2030.
The DPWH is headed by Roger Mercado, who assumed office on October 3, 2021. The
department has a budget of over 667 billion pesos. Based on their national expenditure program
for 2021, more than 232 million were spent on highways, over 101 million on flood control, and
the rest are allocated to various programs labeled as “others.”
As of May 31, 2020, DPWH has over 17,000 employees nationwide which status ranges
from regular, contractual, conterminous with the incumbent (CTI), and permanent employees
charge to the maintenance fund.
The DPWH functions as the engineering and construction arm of the Government tasked
to continuously develop its technology to ensure the safety of all infrastructure facilities and
secure the highest efficiency and quality construction for all public works and highways. The
department is also currently responsible for the planning, designing, constructing, and
maintaining infrastructure, especially the national roads, flood control, water resources
development system, and other public works according to national development objectives.
One of its primary final outputs is its national roads maintenance services which reduces
the operating costs of road users by as much as 40-45%, lessening the incidence of road incidents
and preventing premature road deterioration, which would require costly rehabilitation or
reconstruction. In line with this are also the programs, activities, and projects under the national
roads construction services, in which private contractors usually do the construction through
public bidding. Other department outputs include major flood control maintenance and
construction and other basic infrastructure construction and maintenance.
 II. Needs assessment for the agency’s warehousing/warehouse decisions

The Department of Public Works and Highways verifies or decides the infrastructures
needed to perform its function, thru conducting assessments and analysis to determine the
priority needs of infrastructure particularly the roads, bridges, major establishments, and
government-owned buildings specifically in that city or town.

A report of recommendation is made by the specific city requesting for such warehouse
which includes the reason for the suggestion made and then forwarded to the regional office of
DPWH

As a previous director in the Eastern Visayas, confirmed that most projects that are
assigned to the agencies are often passed on to private firms for bidding unless it’s about bridge
reconstruction, equipment maintenance repair, Disaster response materials, and clearing
operations. This means, the agency itself only has numerous warehouses only for the purpose of
storing office supplies and heavy equipment for operations. Things the directors usually consider
is the area where in they could possibly store the equipments near to this warehouse and its
accessibility that fits atleast there Hino FG8J-M trucks that has a width of 8 – 10 ft.

The process in assessing the development in any infrastructures to be acted follows the
cycle process of which First, Project Identification, here they look at the possible expected ROI
but in the case of warehousing it looks more on cutting the cost of shipment and procurement of
materials and easy access of goods that are to be expedited in distribution. Followed by Project
Preparation, which includes the detailed engineering aims to answer the question how should it
be carried, how and when? In the case of warehousing for example the amount of relief goods
estimated to be stored that can support the population of the city and town is one of the factors to
be considered in deciding the storage capacity. After deciding the fund appropriation it then goes
to the project implementation, which includes the fund release, right of way acquisition ( Ex.
Roads are to be acquired by the agency prior to the construction in order not to delay the
project. ) and follows the Bidding and Contracting. Requirements for the contractors inorder to
be eligible to bid are the Contractor Registration Certificate that is to be submitted to the bids
and awards committee in the DPWH Regional and District Engineering Office.
III. Factors considered in warehousing decisions
The Presidential Decree No. 1096, signed by the late President Ferdinand Marcos or the National
Building Code of the Philippines, was made to adopt a national building code of the Philippines
and thereby revise republic act numbered sixty-five hundred forty-one.
The provision of this Code shall apply to the design, location, siting, construction,
alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of, and addition
to public and private buildings and structures, except traditional indigenous family dwelling, are
defined herein. Buildings and structures constructed before the approval of this Code shall not be
affected thereby except when alterations, additions, conversions, or repairs are to be made
therein, in which case, the Code shall apply only to portions to be altered, added, converted, or
repaired.
The Code also provides a classification and general requirement of all buildings by use or
occupancy. Warehouses are classified not just as a ‘warehouse’ alone but based on what is used
for or stored in the place. Mainly, its warehouses can be under the Code’s Group G or Storage
and Hazardous Occupancies which has five different divisions for different types of storage.
Division 1 is for storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable materials; Division 2
is for storage and handling of combustible materials, dry cleaning plants using flammable
liquids, paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops, and spray painting rooms; Division 3 is for
woodworking establishments, planning mills and box factories, shops, factories where loose
combustible fibers or dust are manufactured, processed, generated, or stored; Division 4 for
repair garages; and lastly, aircraft repair hangars are under Division 5.
Based on its classification and division, the Department of Public and Work Highways
established its decisions. But in minimum, the department would follow the general building
requirements for construction of warehouses which includes conforming in all respects to the
principles of safe construction and must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed,
intended to be used for the manufacture or production of any kind of article or product shall
observe adequate environmental safeguards. The DPWH also maintains all facilities found
therein in safe, sanitary, and sound working conditions.
IV. Items are stored
Its items are stored in North poblacion, Larena, Siquijor. Furthermore, its budget or
finances depends also on the specific warehouse mentioned.

Here, they store all the following:

● Cement
● Paint
● Rebars
● Aggregates
● Reinforcing steel
● Joint filters
● Cementitious Materials
● Chemical Admixtures
● Curing Materials

V. Processes are involved

In the DPWH, the development of infrastructure projects (e.g. roads, bridges, flood
control facilities and water supply) follows a cycle process consisting of four phases as follows:

❖ PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
➢ The process of collecting potential projects with expected return of investments

❖ PROJECT PREPARATION
➢ Project feasibility study - The feasibility study consists of various
investigations and tests necessary to determine whether the project can and
should be carried out and if, so, how and when?
➢ Inclusion in the Medium-Term - If the project meets the above feasibility
criteria, it is considered for inclusion in the medium-term infrastructure program
for the period of six years.
➢ Fund Appropriation - Based on the medium-term infrastructure program,
appropriations for the projects are authorized through legislation.
 ➢ Detailed Engineering - Detailed engineering of a project under the medium
term program is undertaken in preparation for actual implementation under the
annual infrastructure programs.
➢ Inclusion of Project in Annual Program: Programming - Projects proposed
for inclusion in the annual infrastructure program are a) those that rank high high
in priority within the medium-term program, and b) those that are technically
ready for actual implementation during the year (i.e. with substantially completed
detailed engineering).

❖ PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
➢ Fund Releases - Immediately after the NEDA Board approves the annual
infrastructure program in early November, the DBM issues the Advice of
Allotment (AAs) for the projects in the program on a comprehensive basis.
➢ Right-Of-Way Acquisition - The right-of-way of any infrastructure project,
such as road, should be acquired ahead of construction in order not to impede the
work.
➢ Bidding and Contracting - In line with the policy of the government to rely on
the private sector as the main engine of economic development, infrastructure
projects are generally undertaken by contract after public bidding.
➢ Construction - Actual construction work is carried out through the Project
Management Office (PMO) and the Regional/District Offices.
➢ Completion and Acceptance - Project completion is the transition from the
development to the operational stage. Completion reports and as-built plans are
prepared for the submission to the implementing office heads,to management,
and to funding institutions.
➢ Payment - Due and demandable claims are processed by the DPWH either at the
Central, Regional or District level, in accordance with existing government
budgeting, accounting and auditing rules

❖ PROJECT OPERATION AND EVALUATION

➢ Operational and Maintenance - National roads and bridges, major flood control
structures, and related facilities of national importance remain under the
responsibility of the DPWH during the operational phase. The Regional and
District undertake the maintenance of the facilities generally by administration.
 ➢ Impact Evaluation - Impact evaluation or post-project appraisal is an attempt
to assess the results of a project and, as a function of the results, of the means
employed to achieve them.

VI. Owner(s) of the warehouse

The current secretary is Roger Mercado, who assumed office on October 13, 2021 in
acting capacity.

VII. Number(s) of warehouses utilized

Utilizes 1 warehouses, the main structure of a warehouse is typically made from steel,
also the fibreglass and other materials commonly used during the construction of a warehouse
such as cement, wood, paint, rebars etc. used to increase warehouse productivity and efficiency
located at the back of the DPWH building in siquijor.

VIII. Type of warehouse(s) utilized

General Merchandise Warehouse is a warehouse meant for goods which do not have
specific requirements of temperature. They have loading docks which can unload and load the
goods brought in trucks. They can also carry out this functionality from railways, seaports and
airports.

IX. Location of warehouse utilized

The warehouse is located in North Poblacion, Larena, Siquijor at the back of the main
building.

X. Size of warehouse utilized

The Department of Public Works and Highways has lots of warehouses in different
provinces. The warehouse mentioned above is located at Siquijor Island. It has an area of 10m x
30m. Each warehouse has a different size because it depends on the budget and the availability
of the area.
 XI. The layout of the warehouse utilized
The layout of the warehouse located in Siquijor Island is rectangular. Each warehouse has
a different layout because it depends on the area available and the budget of the government
given.

XII. The capacity of the warehouse utilized

The warehouse in Siquijor has 20 employees. They can put more or less 50 cut trees
inside. These trees are from the roadsides that have been affected by the road widening project of
DPWH. Fillets, pipes, and other materials are also stored inside the warehouse.

XIII. Other pertinent information on warehousing decisions of these agencies

The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) is continuing its commitment
to mitigate flooding in different parts of the country by safeguarding communities, for provinces
considered as a flood prone area it is expected that the agency allocates a number of equipment
to function. This demands to have an area where parts for Preventive Maintenance (PM) could
be stocked. A PM is a series of inspection, lubrication and repair operations carried out on a
predetermined interval or according to prescribed criteria and intended to reduce the probability
of failure or malfunctioning of equipment and motor vehicles.

XIV. References:
About DPWH | Department of Public Works and Highways. (2021). Department of

Public Works and Highways. https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/content/about-dpwh

National Building Code of the Philippines. (2021). Department of Public Works and

Highways. https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/

Infrastructure development structure. Department of Public Works and Highways.

https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/DPWH/business/index