6

MAPEH(Health)
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Personal Health Issues and
Self-Management Skills
Subject Area– health 6
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Personal Health Issues and Concerns and
Self-Management Skills
First Edition, 2020
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represent nor claim ownership over them.
Development Team of the Module

Writers: Aida S. Lupase, Arlene U. Busano

Editors: Jazze J. Sibonga, Mary Ann Lorren L. Lamata, Roselyn B.
Robelo, Jeaveth S. Suela, Belly D. Regoniel, Shylla Joy O.
Parcon, Jonathan R. Gorieza, Jemz B. Evangelio, Eustaquio L.
Calamba Jr, Levi D. Reyes, Divina T. Maligatong, Vicenta A.
Martin
Reviewers: Agabai Kandalayang, Yusof A. Aliudin, Mary Joy Bautista
Mary Anne A. Barientos
Illustrator: Junjie E. Semillano, Mary Joy G. Cainglet
Layout Artist: Aida S. Lupase,Arlene U. Busano Jaypee K. Balera, Glen C.
Napoles, Jay Ar O. Espartero, Jake D. Bana-ay, Sherma U. Medina
Cover Art Designer: Arvel Garry L. Campollo
Management Team: Carlito D. Rocafort– Regional Director
Rebonfamil D. Baguio – Assistant Regional Director
Isagani S. Dela Cruz – Schools Division Superintendent
Mario Bermudez – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Roberto Montero – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Magdalino C. Duhilag Jr. – REPS, MAPEH
Elpidio B. Daquipil – CID Chief
Juvy B. Nitura – Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Marcelo A. Bocatera – Division ADM Coordinator
Lito S. Fernandez – Division EPS in MAPEH

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education –SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will
be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
learn the different issues and concerns on personal health, what causes them and
how can them are prevented.

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning

situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook
you are now using.

Most Essential Learning Competency

1. Describes personal health issues and concerns. (H6PH-Ia-b-18)

2. Demonstrates self-management skills (H6ph-Iab-19)

The module will discuss the lesson on:

1. Personal health issues and cconcerns.

2. Demonstrates self-management skills.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Describe personal health issues and concerns.
2. Demonstrate self-management skills.

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 What I Know

Direction: Match the health terms in column B with their description in column
A. Write the letter of the correct answer in a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
a. cavity

1. It is having an abnormally dry eye because of the b. corn

inadequate layer of tears to coat its surface.
c. dandruff
2. It is the misalignment of the eyes because of an d. gingivitis
imbalance of the eye muscles.
e. kyphosis
3. It is also known as otitis externa.
f. lordisis
4. It is the infection of the middle ear due to
bacteria and viruses. g.otitis media

h. strabismus
5. It is the inflamation of the gums caused by
plaque that irritates the gum tissue. i. swimmer’s ear

6. It is the hole in the tooth. j. xeropthalmia

7. It is the excessive inward curvature of the spine. k. muscles

l. otitis interna
8. It is the excessive outwarcurvature of the
spine.

9. It causes itchiness of the scalp and may lead

to temporary hair loss.

10. It is rough and surrounded by inflamed skin.

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 What’s In

Direction: Describe the health issues in the given pictures. Choose your
answer from the box and write on the space provided.

Obesity Scoliosis Periodontitis Corns Strabismus

___________1. _____________4.

____________2. ____________5.

____________3.

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 What’s New

Activity 1. Think and Observe!

Directions: Look at the pictures below. Which picture would you like to be ?
Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

As you grow and develop, you experience many changes in your physical,
mental, emotional as well as social well-being. Likewise at your pre-adolescence
stage where you begin to have permanent teeth, increase appetite, and growth of
muscles and bones, these changes and your daily habits can have issues and
concerns on your personal health. Examples of these are the terms that you have
just encircled. You need to be familiar with this so you will understand what
causes them and how they can be prevented.

• What are the different Issues and Concerns on personal Health ?

• What practices contribute to overall well-being?

What is It

Height and Weight

When you start puberty , you are sure to

experience changes in your height and weight.
It is best to visit your doctor for you to know if you
have normal height and healthy weight.
Doctors use growth chart to determine your exact
height .

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 Stunted growth is having low height for your age
which may lead to have low self-esteem and may cause
you to be short in your adult life.

During puberty also, some of you may gain

weight, then abruptly have a growth spurt and become
chubby or skinny. If you have appropriate weight
according to your age, then you have a normal weight.
You are considered underweight
when your body does not
have enough fat and its
opposite is Overweight
when your body have too
much fat. You are also
considered Obese when
your storage fat exceeds 30
% of your body weight.

Adequate sleep , rest and regular physical exercise are important for your
height and weight.

Vision

You need good vision to succeed in school as

well as in your other activities
outside school. As you progress in school , you are
faced with increasing demands on your visual
abilities.
Below are some common vision problems
that pupils at your age may encounter.

1. Astigmatism. It is an eye disorder caused by the cornea (the clear layer

that covers most of the eye) being oval-shaped rather than round. The
distorted or oval-shaped cornea blurs the vision.

2. Hyperopia or farsightedness is a vision problem. You will not have

difficulty seeing objects at a distance but have trouble focusing on objects
close at hand.

3. Myopia or nearsightedness is a vision problem opposite to hyperopia

where you can focus on objects that are close at hand but not those that
are far away.

Hyperopia happens when the eyeball is shortened and the image falls
behind the retina, while myopia occurs when the images fall infront of the
retina because of an elongated eyeball. The discomforting effects of
astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia are squinting, eye strain, and
headache.

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 4. Xyropthalmia is an abnormally dry eye because of the inadequate layer
of tears to coat its surface. dry and itchy eyes can lead to pain, have
periods of blurred or reduced vision, or cornea damage. Children who lack
vitamin A will likely experienced this.

5. Strabismus. It is the misalignment of the eyes because of an imbalance

of the eye muscles. It becomes difficult for the eyes to focus on the same
point. If left untreated , the weaker eye will become “the lazy eye”( since it
cannot focus on details ) and lead to permanent vision loss.

Eyes are the most sensitive organs of our body. An injury, infection or
impairment in one eye may result to damage of the other. Adequate sleep
and rest is important for your eyes. If you feel any of these symptoms , eye
care professionals conduct regular eye exams that can detect and correct
these.

Hearing

When earwax ( also called cerumen) builds

up in your ear and blocks your ear canal, impacted
cerumen happens. This causes ringing in the air,
feeling that the ear is
plugged, earache and temporary hearing loss. The
ear canal is important because it is the
entryway of sound waves. If it becomes infected due
to irritation and break in the skin of the ear because
of moisture usually caused by
spending a lot of time in water, you will have swimmer’s ear it is also called
otitis externa, which may still happen if you do not swim, as long as bacteria
and fungi sets in your ear canal because of moisture. It will make your ear ichy
then painful, making it difficult for you to chew. Having swollen outer ears and
pus-like discharge are also possible.
The middle ear contains the ear drum and the three tiny bones known as
ossicles. It can also be infected when bacteria and viruses get into the middle ear
then pus builds upin the space behind the eardrums, resulting to otitis media
. This fluid causes pain and redness of the eardrum because the ears are sore.

Your ability to hear helps you to communicate with others and maintain a sense
of balance and equilibrium. sounds, noises, and even danger signals give you
information about your world. If you experienced these difficulties, a hearing test
will prevent future speech and development problems.

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Oral and Dental

Having clean, strong teeth and gums is

something you should be proud of. But what
happens when you do not take care of your oral
hygiene? Millions of bacteria feast on the food
left in your teeth where they grow and multiply
then cover it with a soft yet sticky coat called
plaque. If you do not clean your teeth regularly
, the plaque builds up and hardens into tartar after a few days tartar is more
difficult to remove.

As bacteria grow on teeth, it makes an acid that eats through the tooth enamel
causing tooth decay. The acids seeps through the hard enamel and into the softer
dentin where the tooth decay makes a cavity or hole in the tooth. The more
sugary food you eat , the more acid the bacteria make.

Other dental issues and concerns are malocclusion (improper alignment of the
upper and lower teeth when your jaw is closed, making an overbite or underbite.)

Gingivitis is an inflamation of the gums caused by plaque that irritates the gum
tissue.

if you are too lazy to floss and brush your teeth gingivitis leads to periodontitis
that cause permanent damage to your teeth and jaw. Studies show that
periodontitis is associated with cardiovascular disease and bacterial pneumonia.
Poor dental hygiene results to halitosis or bad breath.

Posture and Spine

A lot of habits affect your posture. Carrying your backpack with one
shoulder, bringing unnecessary things inside it that make it heavy, sitting more
for more than 30 minutes, using TV and other electronic gadgets for hour and
etc. When bad posture becomes a habit, it can soon cause problems in your
muscles , joints and spines.

Aside from the bones in your teeth, you should also be aware of the 33 bones in
your spine. Your spinal column or backbone runs in a straight line that
extends from the base of your head to the hip region. This
makes it easy for you to twist, bend and turn to different
motions in your upper body.

Scoliosis is a curve on the right or left of your spine along

with uneven shoulders and hips. Mild scoliosis needs to
be observed by a specialist but progressive scoliosis
already needs treatment that may include surgery.

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 Kyphosis is the outward curvature of the
spine.

Lordosis is the inward curvature of the

spine. The swayback appearance due to
lordosis can make your stomach stick
out and feel back pain and discomfort in
your lower back. Kyphosisis just as bad
because the round or hunched back will make midback
painful. Regular physical exercise helps your posture.

Skin , Hair, and Nails

Skin
The skin covers you from head to feet, making
it the greatest organ of your body.
Some common issues and concern of the skin
are sunburn, blisters, calluses and corns. The
sun provides vitamin D for strong bones but
over exposure from it causes sunburn.
Your skin is more vulnerable to sunburn because you have thinner skin than
adults. Sunburn will make your skin red and sore. Severe sunburn leads to
blisters and severe pain. Blisters are caused by friction like when a shoe rubs
against the heel. Sunburn, scalding or allergies also caused blisters. If the friction
does not stop, it can form calluses that are thick, rough areas of the skin. Corns
are also thick, rough areas of the skin but surrounded by inflamed skin that is
why it is painful when pressed. It is smaller than calluses.

Hair
For your hair, a common issue and concern
is dandruff. It has several causes like having
dry skin, using shampoo too often, or using
hair products that have bad reaction on your
scalp. The white or yellow skin on your scalp
can be very itchy.
Dandruff may lead to temporary hair loss.

Nails
Did you know that nails and hair are
outgrowths of the
skin? You should keep your nails long enough
to protect your skin, yet trim them as well to
avoid bacteria collecting underneath them. A
straight-cut trim is recommended rather than
a round trim so that the fleshy part of the skin
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 will not be damage. If it does get damage, it may
result to ingrown toe nails. Aside from improper
trimming, using of improper size of footwear can
cause also ingrown toe nails and fungal infection.

Proper management skills is also important to avoid personal health issues .

These are the following self-management skills:

PROPER HYGIENE

Proper hygiene refers to your overall personal cleanliness, your body can
provide places for disease-causing germs and parasites to grow and multiply. These
places include your skin, in and around the opening of your body where germs are
most likely to enter. If you have good personal hygiene habit or habits of cleanliness,
disease-causing germs and parasites are less likely to get inside your body. Self
management on practicing good personal hygiene is very important to keep your
body from the attack of diseases.

GOOD POSTURE

Posture is the graceful and efficient movement of your body when performing
different motions. All of your body parts should be used correctly to maintain
balance. With proper posture you look and feel confident, breathe easier, feel
comfortable, protected from injury and have more endurance.

When standing:

1. Look straight.

2. Your shoulders should be at the same level and relaxed.

3. Like a balloon, your ears, shoulders, hips, Knees and

ankles should form a straight line.

4. Keep your chest high but your abdomen flat.

5. Your back should have a normal curve.

6. Stand tall with your feet apart and flat on the ground.

7. There should be equal weight on your legs.

8. Even when you are walking, your body should be properly

aligned, rolling your feet from head to toe.

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 When sitting:

1. On a chair without a backrest, keep your

back straight, relax your shoulders,
and make sure it is in line with your
bottom ear. Your knees should be
slightly lower than your hips and
your feet should be flat on the floor.

2. On a chair with a backrest, choose one that

supports your lower back and completely
supports your thighs. Your legs should be bent
in a 90-100 degree angle.Keep both feet on the
floor. Your forearms should also be parallel to
the floor. If you are using a computer, the top of
the screen should be at your eye level.

For proper lifting or carrying:

1. Do not bend your body, instead use your thigh

muscles.

2. Bend your knees and squat.

3. Keep your back straight and move your body close

to the object that you are lifting.

REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

School-aged children like you are always active. Every day, help your family
with the chores in the house, take the stairs instead of the elevator, and play
outside with your siblings and friends.

Three to five times a week, spend at

least 20 minutes participating in
aerobic exercise (like jogging, running,
and swimming) and recreational
activities (such as basketball and
volleyball).

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 Exercise makes you fit. It builds strength and resistance of the muscles as well
as the entire body. It also helps prevent fatigue, body pains and diseases.
Participating in exercises improve the muscles of your ribs and diaphragm that
is why you are able to breathe easier.
Twice or thrice a week, spend some leisure time like swimming and tumbling.
There are also exercises that have little or no body movement like pushing against
a wall. This develops muscular strength and power. Stretching also makes your
muscles flexible.

Doing these often is more fun than sitting for more than 30 minutes, spending
hours watching TV, or constantly playing computer or video games that make
your neck, back and eyes hurt.

ENOUGH REST AND SLEEP

How do you spend time resting? Do

you read a book, listen to music,
meditate or take a hot bath? With all the
rigorous activities that you do everyday,
your body also needs to relax and sleep
so you can renew your strength and
energy. Having enough

rest helps fight physical and or mental fatigue. When you relax, the feeling of
tiredness, tension and other aches and pains are reduced.

Unlike exercise and rest that are planned, sleep is an involuntary process. Many
of your body’s major organs continue to work actively even when you sleep. You
need 9 hours of sleep at night so your mind and body to function normally.

PROPER NUTRITION

Proper nutrition is essential to your

growth and development. What you eat for
breakfast, lunch, snacks and dinner should
nourish your body. It shows if you have
eaten too much or too little. The Daily
Nutrition Guide for children your age shows
what food you can eat and how many
servings you should have for each food
groups.

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 What’s More

Independent Activity A. Forming jumbled letters into a word

Directions: Form the jumbled letters into a word that fits with the given
description. Write the word in the separate sheet of paper.

MASTIGTIMS _______1. It is an eye disorder caused by the cornea being

oval-shaped than round distorted or oval- shaped
SUMTRASBIS cornea blurs the vision.
________2. It is the misalignment of the eyes because of an
imbalance of the eye muscles.
AMOYPI ________3. This happens when the images fall infront
of the retina because of an elongated eyeball.
ERA LACAN ________4. It is the entryway of sound waves.
SICOLOSIS ________5. It is the curve on the right or left side of
your spine along with uneven shoulders and
hips.

Independent Activity B. Filling the blanks

Directions: Read each item carefully.Fill in the blank with the correct word
describes in each number. Write your answer in the separate sheet
of paper.

1. You are considered ________when your body does not have enough fat.
2. when your storage fat exceeds 30% of your body weight you are considered
________
3. A person with ___________ at his early age may caused him to be short in
his adult life.
4. Frequent rubbing of shoes against the heel may reult to ____________that
are thick rough areas of the skin
5. Improper trimming and wearing of improper size of footwear may cause
_________ that may lead to fungal infection.

Independent Activity C.

Directions: Put a check ( / ) if the picture shows good health practices and
and (X) if it does not shows good practices. Use separate sheet of paper for your
answer.

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___________ 1.

___________ 2.

___________ 3.

____________4.

____________5.

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answer in the
separate sheet of paper.

1. What are the different issues and concerns on personal health?

2. Who is responsible for our personal health?
3. What practices contribute to overall well-being?
4. What are the different self-management skills to prevent from personal
health issues?

What I Can Do

A. Direction: Demonstrate through drawing in the box the proper posture

for:
1. Standing 2. Walking 3. Sitting

4. Lifting Objects /Carrying Objects

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 RUBRIC

CRITERIA Advanced Proficient Approaching Developing Beginning

Proficiency
(5) (4) (3) 2) (1)
Accuracy Can draw Can draw Can draw Can draw a Can barely
all the most of the some of the few of the show the
steps of steps of steps of proper steps of steps of
proper proper posture proper proper
posture posture posture posture

Assessment

Directions: Match the health terms in column B with their description in

column A. Write the letter on the separate sheet of paper.
A B

______1.It is rough and surrounded by inflamed a. cavity

skin. b. corns
______2. It is the hole in the tooth. c. dandruff
______3. It is the excessive outward curvature d. gingivitis
of the spine. e. halitosis
______4.It causes itchiness of the scalp and may f. kyphosis
lead to temporary hair loss. g. lordosis
______5.It is the inflamation of the gums caused h. malocclusion
by plaque that irritates the gum tissue. i. otitis media
______6.It is the misalignment of the eyes j. strabismus
because of an imbalance of the eye muscles. k. swimmer’s ear
l. xeropthalmia

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______7.It is the excessive inward curvature of spine.

______8. It is also known as otitis externa.

______9.It is the infection of the middle ear due to bacteria

and viruses.

______10.It is having an abnormally dry eye because of the

inadequate layer of tears to coat its surface .

Additional Activities

Make a poster advertisement that shows pro per care of your health.

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 17
W hat's In
1. Scoliosis
2. Obesity
3. Periodontitis
4. Strabismus
5. Corns
W hat I Have Learned
Answers vary
Answer Key
References
Enjoying Life Through Music, Art, Physical education and health
Personal Health Pages 2-11
Copyright 2016 by Marissa C. Pascual, Irene Feliz S. Reyes, Ma. Evira M.
Garcia, Ma.Mignun C. Artus and the Phoenix Publishing House Inc.
Coordinator: Alma M. Dayag.
Copyright

Explore and Shine Through MAPEH 6

Pages 318-324
Philippine Copyright 2015 PrimeBooks Publishing Corp. and Lina M. Battad,
Almyra T. Aguerre, Felix G. Escaldre,
Coordinator: Elizabeth S. Rasalan.

Health Teachers Guide pp. 6-9

Enjoying Life Through Music, Arts, Physical Education and health (MAPEH)
pp 12-19.Copyright 2016 by Marissa C. Pascual, Irene Felis S. Reyes,
Ma.Elvira M. Garcia, Ma. Mignan C. Artuz, and The Phoenix Publishing
House Inc.
Explore and Shine Through MAPEH 6 pp 327-332.Copyright 2015,by Lina
M. Battad, Almyra T. Aguirre, Felix G. Ecaldre. and PrimeBooks
Publishing Corp.
Websites
http://www.maapmn.org/images/2018Convention/ConferenceHandouts/S
peakerHandouts/SesGSkillsRubricFinalUpdated.pdf

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd
SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and
addressing the new normal. Contents of this module were based on
DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a
supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was
observed in the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly
encourage feedback, comments, and recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph