GIMNASIO FEMENINO

MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

Name: ______________________________________________________ Course: __________ Date: ___________________

Measuring the spread of a data set

To accurately describe a data set, we need not only a measure of its centre, but also a measure of its spread.

For example, the data sets 1 , 4 , 5 , 5 ,6 ,7 , 8 , 9 , 9 and 4 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 6 , 7 ,7 ,7 , 8 both have a mean value of 6. However, the first

data set is more widely spread than the second data set as you can see in the dot plots below.

Two commonly used statistics that indicate the spread of a data set are:

 The range

 The interquartile range

The range
The range is the difference between the maximum or largest data value, and the minimum or smallest data value.

range=maximum data value−minimum data value

Example

The number of appointments made at a hairdresser each day is shown below.

4, 7, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 5, 7, 5, 3, 8, 9, 3, 6, 5, 6

Find the range of the data.

Solution

Searching through the data set, the minimum value is 3, and the maximum value is 9. Then,

range=9−3=6

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

The interquartile range

We know the median divides an ordered data set into two halves.

Figure 1

These halves are divided in half again by the quartiles.

Figure 2.

The middle value of the lower half is called the lower quartile or Q 1. One quarter or 25% of the data have values less than or

equal to the lower quartile. 75% of the data have values greater than or equal to the lower quartile (Figure 2).

The middle value of the upper half is called the upper quartile or Q 3. One quarter or 25% of the data have values greater than or

equal to the upper quartile. 75% of the data have values less than or equal to the upper quartile (Figure 2).

The data set is thus divided into quarters by the lower quartile Q 1, the median Q 2, and the upper quartile Q 3 .

The interquartile range is the range of the middle half of the data.

interquartile range=upper quartile−lower quartile

or

IQR=Q3 −Q1

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

Example 01

For the data set 7, 3, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7, 5, 5, 9, 3, 8, 3, 5, 6, find the:

1. median

2. lower and upper quartiles

3. interquartile range

Solution

The ordered data set is: 233345555667789 {15 data values}

n+1 th
1. Since n=15, =8 , the median is the 8th score, which if 5.
2

Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th
Datum 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9

2. As the median is a data value, we now ignore it and split the remaining data into two haves:

lower half upper half

Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th
Datum 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9

Q1=¿ median of lower half¿ 3 Q 3=¿ median of the upper half ¿ 7

3. IQR=Q3 −Q1=7−3=4

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

Example 02

For the data set 6, 10, 7, 8, 13, 7, 10, 8, 1, 7, 5, 4, 9, 4, 2, 5, 9, 6, 3, 2, find the:

1. median

2. lower and upper quartiles

3. interquartile range

Solution

The ordered data set is: 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 13 {20 data values}

n+1 21
1. Since n=20, = =10.5 th
2 2
th th
the median ¿
10 value+11 value 6+7
= =6.5
2 2

Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th

Datum 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 13

2. As the median is not a data value, we split the data into two halves:
lower half upper half

Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th

Datum 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 13

Q1=¿ median of lower half ¿ 4 Q3=¿ median of the upper half ¿ 8.5

3. IQR=Q3 −Q1=8.5−4=4.5

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

Exercise 01

1. Find the range of the data set:

a. 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 10, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21, 23

b. 39, 28, 50, 63, 37, 46, 61, 33, 25, 47, 29

c. 7.5, 13.3, 8.6, 6.5, 9.9, 11.5, 13.4, 6.6, 8.2

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2.
. .Kimmi
. . . . .runs
. . .a .weekly
. . . . painting
. . . . . .class.
. . . The
. . .numbers
. . . . . of
. . people
. . . . attending
. . . . . . the
. . .class
. . .over
. . .the
. . last
. . .10. .weeks
. . . .have
. . .been:
..........

17 14 21 18 19 26 20 22 16 25

Find the range of the data.

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3. For the data set 5, 7, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 14, 15, 18, find the:

a. Median

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

b. Lower and upper quartiles

c. Interquartile range

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4. The following amounts of money were withdrawn from an ATM on a particular day:

$100 $60 $120 $90 $130 $150 $200 $120 $180

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

$70 $140 $100 $50 $200 $120 $80 $100 $150

Find the:

a. Q2 b. Q1 c. Q3 d. IQR

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 GIMNASIO FEMENINO
MATH DEPARTMENT
GRADE 8th – Juan Pablo Beltrán Aguilera
WORKSHOP Nº 06 – Statistical measures of dispersion
Código: MCAF-004 Versión: 01 Fecha de actualización: 07/02/2018

5. At a fast-food restaurant, the times taken for 24 customers to receive their orders were

recorded in minutes as follows:

1.0 1.6 1.4 2.2 0.9 2.9 2.2 1.0

0.7 1.8 2.8 1.3 0.8 3.3 1.9 2.0
1.3 1.8 1.2 3.4 1.6 2.8 0.8 2.6

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