Questions:

❖Have you thought of

comparing your academic
performance with that of
your classmates?
❖Have you wondered what
grade you need for each
subject area to qualify for
honors?
❖Whenever your teacher
asks your class to form a
line according to your
height, what is your
position in relation to your
classmates?
 Quartiles of
Ungrouped Data
Here starts the
lesson!
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

o illustrate the measure of position: quartiles;

o calculate a specified measure of position of a set of data;

o interpret the measure of position.

 Questions:
❖ Have you asked yourself why
a certain examinee in any
national examination gets
higher rank than the other
examinees?
❖ Some state colleges and
universities are offering
scholarship programs for
graduating students who
belong to the upper 5%,
10%, or even 25%. What
does this mean to you?
In this lesson, you will learn about the measures of
position.

Remember to look for the answers to the following

questions:

1.How would I know my position given the academic

rank?

2.What are the ways to determine the measure of

position in a set of data?
The basic purpose of all the measures of central
tendency discussed so far during your Grade 7
class was to gain more knowledge and deeper
understanding about the characteristics of a data
set.

Another method to analyze a data set is by

arranging all the observations in either ascending
or descending order of their magnitude.
Then, this ordered set is divided into two equal parts
by applying the concept of median. However, to have
more knowledge about the data set, we may divide it
into more parts of equal sizes. The measures of
central tendency which are used for dividing the data
into several equal parts are called partition values.
For today, we will focus on the
Quartiles of Ungrouped Data
The Quartiles
of
Ungrouped
Data
 The Quartile for
Ungrouped Data
The quartiles are the score points which
divide a distribution into four equal parts.

Twenty-five percent (25%) of the distribution

are below or equal to the first quartile, fifty
percent (50%) are below or equal to the
second quartile, and seventy-five percent
(75%) are below or equal to the third quartile.
 Since the second quartile is equal to the median,
the steps in the computation of median by
identifying the median class is the same as the
steps in identifying the Q1 class and the Q3 class

a. 25% of the data has a value ≤ Q1

c. 75% of the data has a value ≤ Q3

 Interquartile Range (IQR)

It shows the dispersion of the middle 50% of the data

and is not affected by the presence of extreme values in the
data set. This is why it is also known as the midspread or
middle fifty. The interquartile range (IQR) is often used to find
the outliers or extreme values in the data.
The IQR is used to measure how spread out the data
points in a set are from the mean of the data set. The higher
the IQR, the more spread out the data points; in contrast, the
smaller the IQR, the more bunched up the data points are
around the mean.
Consider the set of scores in a quiz in Math 9 of sections A and B.

Section A 11 13 14 15 15 16 19 19 20

Q1 Q2 Q3

Section B 9 10 10 12 15 16 16 18 19 19

Interquartile Range (IQR)

Smallest Lower Median Upper Largest

Data Quartile Quartile Data
Notice that the set of scores are arranged in ascending order before determining
the positions of Q1 (lower quartile), Q2 (median) , Q3 (upper quartile) .
 There are two ways to find the
measures of position of the given data,
namely:

1. Mendenhall and Sincich

Method(pronounce as “sin jitch”)

2. Interpolation
Mendenhall and Sincich Method.
Using Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, define a different
method of finding quartile values. To apply their method on a data set
with n elements, first calculate:

and round to the nearest integer. If L falls halfway between two integers,
round up. The Lth element is the lower quartile value (Q1).

Next calculate:
and round to the nearest integer. If U falls halfway between two
integers, round down. The Uth element is the upper quartile value
(Q3).
 Example 1:
{1, 3 , 7, 7, 16 , 21, 27, 30 , 31} and n = 9
Solution:

7.5th
The computed value 7.5 becomes 7
after rounding down. The upper quartile
value (Q3) is the 7th data element, so
Q3 = 27.
Using this method, the upper quartile
The computed value 2.5 becomes 3 after (Q3) and lower quartile (Q1) values are
rounding up. The lower quartile value always two of the data elements.
(Q1) is the 3rd data element, so Q1 = 7.
Example 2:
71, 73 , 77, 82, 86 , 91, 97
Solution:

The upper quartile value (Q3) is the 6th

value, so Q3 = 91.

Using this method, the upper quartile

(Q3) and lower quartile (Q1) values are
The lower quartile value (Q1) is the always two of the data elements.
2nd value , so Q1 = 73.
 Interpolation
To use interpolation, the formula for the position of the Lower Quartile and
Upper Quartile are used. If the result is decimal, interpolation is needed.

Example 3:
Find the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3), given the
scores of 10 students in their Mathematics activity using Linear
Interpolation.
Solution:
a. First, arrange the scores in ascending order.

1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31
1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31
b. Second, locate the position of the score in the distribution.

Since the result is a decimal number, interpolation is needed.

c. Third, interpolate the value to obtain the 1st quartile.

 1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31

c. Third, interpolate the value to obtain the 1st quartile.

Steps in Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 2nd data from the 3rd data.
7–3=4

Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the

second step (Position of Q1).
4(0.5) = 2

Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 2nd or smaller number.

3+2=5

Therefore, the value of Q1 = 5.

 Find the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3), given the
scores of 10 students in their Mathematics activity using Linear
Interpolation.
Solution: For Q3
a. First, arrange the scores in ascending order.

1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31

b. Second, locate the position of the score in the distribution.

Since the result is a decimal number,

interpolation is needed.
 1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31

c. Third, interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd quartile.

Steps in Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 7th data from the 8th data.
30 – 27 = 3
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the third
step (Position of Q3).
3(0.5) = 1.5

Step 3: Add the result in step 2, (1.5), to the 7th or smaller number.
27 + 1.5 = 28.5

Therefore, the value of Q3 = 28.5

Assignment:
Consider the scores of 16 students of Grade 10 in the 50-item 3rd
Periodic test in Mathematics.
38, 28, 34, 30, 40, 27, 34, 33, 28, 31, 36, 29, 31, 43, 34, 34
 Quiz:

Consider the scores of 17 students on a Math Quiz :

12, 15, 8, 9, 5, 18, 20, 10, 10, 7, 3, 17, 19, 20, 6, 14, 14