Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges

GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Name: ____________________________________ Score: ______________

Course & Major: ________________________ Date Submitted: _______

CHAPTE INTRODUCTION: ENVIRONMENT

R2 AND EDUCATION
Objectives:
a) to define environment
b) to determine the relationship between environment and education
Activate
Fill in the table below. Write the definition of the following terms.

EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT

Acquire
A. ENVIRONMENT, ECOLOGY, ECOSYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT

1. the physical and biological habitat that surrounds us, which can be felt by our
physical faculties (seen, touched, smelled and tasted)
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

2. the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences; surroundings

3. the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors surrounding
and affecting a given organism at any time (Ecology)
4. The social and cultural forces that shape the life of a person or a population.

Two (2) major classification of environment

1) PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
- External physical factors like air, water and land, etc. This is also called Abiotic
Environment.
2) LIVING ENVIRONMENT
- All living organisms around us such as plants, animals, microorganisms. This is
also called Biotic Environment.
Four (4) segments of the environment

Image 1.2. The four spheres of the Earth

The earth’s crust consisting of the soil and rocks is the lithosphere.
Hydrosphere comprises all water resources both surface and ground water.
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

The biosphere is a capsule encircling the earth’s surface wherein all the living
things exist.
Atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth and extends
up to 500 km above the earth’s surface. The atmosphere referrers to the air that
surrounds the earth. The understanding of '-sphere- in this situation means 'to
surround or encompass’.
The following help us understand the mean of the four spheres:
1. Lithosphere – “litho” referring to rocks and minerals 
2. Hydrosphere – “hydro” referring to water 
3. Biosphere – “bio” referring to life 
4. Atmosphere – “atmo” referring to steam and vapor 

Layers of the atmosphere

Image 1.3. Layers of the Atmosphere

The troposphere is the lowest layer of our atmosphere. Starting at ground level,
it extends upward to about 10 km (6.2 miles or about 33,000 feet) above sea level. The
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above
the ground. The infamous ozone layer is found within the stratosphere. Above the
stratosphere is the mesosphere. It extends upward to a height of about 85 km (53
miles) above our planet. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere. Unlike the
stratosphere, temperatures once again grow colder as you rise up through the
mesosphere. The coldest temperatures in Earth's atmosphere, about -90° C (-130° F),
are found near the top of this layer. The air in the mesosphere is far too thin to
breathe; air pressure at the bottom of the layer is well below 1% of the pressure at sea
level, and continues dropping as you go higher. The layer of very rare air above the
mesosphere is called the thermosphere. High-energy X-rays and UV radiation from the
Sun are absorbed in the thermosphere, raising its temperature to hundreds or at times
thousands of degrees.

Image 1.4. The Earth’s Atmosphere

 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

ECOLOGY
Greek words “ikos” meaning a house or dwelling or place of living or habitat and
“logos” meaning study. Ecology is hence the study of interrelationship among plants
and animals and their interactions with the physical environment.
Important Divisions of Ecology:
(1) Autoecology or Species Ecology:
a. Study of an individual species. i.e. behavior,
adaptation and interaction of a particular species
in its environment.
(2) Synecology or Ecology of Communities:
a. Study of Communities and their interaction with
the environment.
ECOSYSTEM
A group of plants, animals or living organisms living together and interacting with
the physical environment in which they live.

Apply
Identify the flowing ecosystems:
1.POND
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State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

2. RIVER

3. FARM

Assessment
(Essay)
1. Enumerate and define the different layers of the Earth’s atmosphere.
2. List down the significance of the four “spheres”.
3. Differentiate living environment from physical environment.
4. Name different kinds of ecosystems.
(Photo-essay)
1. Capture a picture that depicts/ shows an ecosystem. Attach a short essay into it.
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras