25 Aug 2022

Why is Housing important?

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 25 Aug 2022

TODAY’S
WIFI
POWER BANK

Why is Housing important?

Philippine Constitution
Art. 13 - Social Justice and Human Rights
Sec. 9. The State shall, by law and for the common good
undertake, in cooperation with the private sector, a
continuing program of urban land reform and housing
which will make available at affordable cost decent housing
and basic services to underprivileged and homeless citizens
in urban centers and resettlement areas….

Phil. Constitution

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Housing is a human right

Factors that affect housing needs:

• CLIMATE
• LOCATION
• COST
• TASTE
• LIFESTYLE

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 25 Aug 2022

Why Filipinos are homeless?

• Migration of people from rural to urban
areas

Why Filipinos are homeless?

• High population growth rate

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Why Filipinos are homeless?

• Poverty due to unemployment

Why Filipinos are homeless?

• Industrialization

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Why Filipinos are homeless?

• Low Wages

Housing Backlog?

• 5.5 million Filipinos,

• 250,000 per year.
• 150,000 residential units
• socialized housing covers majority of the
backlog
• P450,000 or below.
• low-income earners of the population.

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EARLY SHELTERS EVOLUTION OF

AND HOUSES ETHNIC / VERNACULAR / INDEGINOUS
ARCHITECTURE
OF THE FILIPINOS

THE IMPORTANCE OF TOPOGRAPHY

Communities before lived near bodies of water.
Houses were lined along the coasts of seas, bays, rivers and lakes.

WHY?

Food Not easily

Means of Easy access
from water attacked by
transportation to food
resources enemies

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1 CAVE DWELLINGS EARLY SHELTER:

Early Filipinos lived in

caves.

Caves were safer

Plains
for farming

Coastal Areas
for fishing

ANGONO CAVE TABON CAVE

(Rizal) (Palawan)

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PORTABLE
2 LEAN-TO EARLY SHELTER:

• roof & wall of

nomadic negritos and
agtas

• made of tree
branches and twigs,
using leaves and
branches for sidings A pair of lean-tos can be joined
together to form a tent-like shelter,
or a double-slope roof, which, in
effect, is the beginning of a house.

3 TREE HOUSES EARLY SHELTER:

• To keep safe from enemies,

floods and wild animals.
• Ladders were hoisted in at
night
• 2 to 22 mts above the ground

found in Ilongot, Tingguian

and Gaddang in Northern Luzon

Mandaya, Manobo, Tiruray and

Bukidnonin Mindanao.

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HOUSES
4 ON STILTS
EARLY SHELTER:
Houses along the coastal areas
There is a pathway leading to the house

MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
1
AGRICULTURE
A. KAINGIN METHOD
• prepare the area for farming
by cutting and burning of
dead plants / grasses

B. WET METHOD
• rice was planted in areas
where dikes were built to
collect water

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MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
2
HUNTING
• men used bow and arrows
to hunt for deer
• accompanied by dogs
to chase their target

BOAT-MAKING
3
• made boats out of wood
BIREY – boat made for 50
to 100 people
BIROCO – boat made for
more than 100

MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
4
TRADING
• Filipinos traded with other Filipinos
• The standard of exchange was GOLD

Malubai – worth 2 pesetas

Bielu – worth 3 pesetas
Linguingi – worth 4 pesetas
Oregeras – highest value – 5 pesetas

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EARLY FILIPINO COMMUNITIES

MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
4
Barangay

From the word Balanghay/Biniray/Balangay

• Refers to an ethnic group who migrated and rode
together in boats
• Had 10 – 20 families
• Commercial communities
were in the coastal areas
• Local people traded with
people coming from other
Asian countries

EARLY FILIPINO COMMUNITIES

MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
4
4 Groups (Social Classes)

DATU (Lakan/Gat – TIMAWA

Tagalogs) - Ordinary people or
- Leaders ‘the mass’
- Wives are called - Rowers of the boat
DAYANG DAYANG
- ALIPIN / AYUEY
MAHARLIKA - The slaves, lowest
- Free people or noble status
people

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PRACTICE OF INTRODUCTION OF
KAINGIN SYSTEM WET RICE
OR SWIDDEN FARMING AGRICULTURE
• gave rise to a more settled
life in a real house brought a truly settled life and
a need for a more permanent
• durability was not a major dwelling
concern and it’s not
permanent houses were built to last

5 BAHAY KUBO EARLY SHELTER:

Houses in the Pre-Spanish

era was generally
expressed in the ‘bahay
kubo’ style of dwellings,
which was cool and cozy,
well adapted to tropical
climate

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NIPA HUTS EARLY SHELTER:

• made of NIPA PALM
LEAVES,WOOD and
BAMBOO
• Square shape and about 1
meter above ground

Distinguishing feature:
• ONE ROOM ONLY
• ARIGUE - main post of the
house
• BATALAN is the place at the
back for water jars and
cooking

DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENT
UPLAND VS LOWLAND

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Influences of ETHNIC ARCHITECTURE:

WAYS OF LIFE

ENVIRONMENT

ORGANIZATION
IN THE SOCIETY

CONCLUSION:

Whether high up on a tree, high above the

raging waters, or close to the solid ground,
the ethnic homes of the Philippines,
whether from Luzon, Visayas or Mindanao
has lived on.

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But its underlying philosophy ---

symbiosis with the environment and sensitivity

to the needs of the dwellers & the larger community

has endured in its essential and complicated form,

and has much to contribute in our present search
for architecture that will express the true personality,
attitude and taste of Filipinos.

Whatever kind of house a Filipino will have they are

going to be comfortable because it is part of their
ATTITUDE TO ADJUST in anything they have or
anywhere they are.

This only means that

from the nipa house up
to condominium unit…

Filipinos are
ADAPTABLE.

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