CHRISTINE J.
BARLISO DPE 106 (FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION 2)
PHILOSOPHY WHAT IS?
The use of biological, physiological and, increasingly,
genetic, causes as explanations for human social behavior.
In this case little, if any, explanatory weight is given to
ESSENTIALISM
psychological, sociological or cultural explanations. An
example would be to argue that men are more aggressive
than women and that this is inevitable due to hormonal
differences.
Progressivism is just what its name suggests: the idea of
progress. Specifically, it refers to social progress, the
process of a society lifting itself out of ignorance, injustice,
PROGRESSIVISM
and inequality, toward a future that promises
enlightenment, prosperity, equality, and (in modern
versions of the idea) environmental sustainability.
Perennialism is a teacher-centered educational philosophy
that focuses on everlasting ideas and universal truths. To
clarify, Perennialism suggests that the focus of education
PERRENIALISM
should be the ideas that have lasted for centuries believing
the ideas are as relevant and meaningful today as when
they were written.
A philosophical theory that people are free agents who
have control over their choices and actions. Existentialists
believe that society should not restrict an individual's life or
EXISTENTIALISM
actions and that these restrictions inhibit free will and the
development of that person's potential.
Behaviorism is built on this assumption, & its goal is to
promote the scientific study of behavior. The behavior, in
particular, of individual organisms. Not of social groups.
BEHAVIORISM
Not of cultures. But of persons & animals. Behaviorism is
an attitude – a way of conceiving of empirical constraints
on psychological state attribution.
The view that philosophical problems could be solved (or
LINGUISTIC dissolved) either by reforming language or by
PHILOSOPHY understanding more about the language that we presently
use. Approach to philosophy common in the mid-20th
century that tends to see philosophical problems as arising
from inappropriate theoretical use of language.
Constructivism is first of all a theory of learning based on
the idea that knowledge is constructed by the knower
based on mental activity. Learners are considered to be
CONSTRUCTIVISM
active organisms seeking meaning. Constructivism is
founded on the premise that, by reflecting on our
experiences, we construct our own understanding of the
world consciously we live in.
WHY TEACH?
Essentialism tries to instill all students with the most essential or
basic academic knowledge and skills and character development.
Essentialists believe that teachers should try to embed traditional
moral values and virtues such as respect for authority,
perseverance, fidelity to duty, consideration for others, and
practicality and intellectual knowledge that students need to
become model citizens.
Progressivists believe that education should focus on the whole
child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational
philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active
experimentation. Learning is rooted in the questions of learners
that arise through experiencing the world.
The goal of a perennialist education is to teach students to think
rationally and develop minds that can think critically. ... For
example, reading, writing, speaking, and listening are emphasized
in the early grades to prepare students in later grades to study
literature, history, and philosophy.
Believing as an educator that being a teacher is a providing a
beneficial and critical role in the growth of students. The teacher in
existentialist education is there to provide pathways for students to
explore their own values, meanings, and choices. In order to do
this, learners need to be aware of as many options and choices as
possible; they need to feel empowered and free to determine their
own values and identities.
The first reason is epistemic or evidential. The system is based on
rewards and punishments. Behaviorists believe that if teachers
provide positive reinforcement, or rewards, whenever students
perform a desired behavior, they will learn to perform the behavior
on their own.
Linguists and philosophers engaging in similar research programs
sometimes find different questions interesting and different
arguments most useful for theory building. Linguistics offers the
philosophy of language so many useful tools for constraining
theory development.
Constructivist teaching is based on the belief that learning occurs
as learners are actively involved in a process of meaning and
knowledge construction as opposed to passively receiving
information. Learners are the makers of meaning and knowledge.
Constructivist teaching fosters critical thinking, and creates
motivated and independent learners.
HOW?
The focus of coursework in essentialism is to teach the
essentials of life. It teaches how to survive, how to be
productive, and how to live as proper members of the society.
It includes subjects such as the study of the natural and
surrounding environment, basic natural laws, and disciplines
that encourage students to live a happy life.
Progressivism believes that education comes from the
experience of the child. As such, children are the focus of a
progressive classroom. In a progressive classroom, the center
of gravity is within each child. Progressive education revolves
around the child's needs, not around the teacher or a
prescribed curriculum.
Used when referring to this point of view in education, while in
the more general philosophical area it is referred to as Neo-
Thomism or Neo-Scholasticism. Perennialism is the preferred
educational term because of the insistence of philosophers
associated w/ the position that there are certain everlasting
values to which we must return & which much be brought to
the attention of all youth in the schools.
Selling all of your belongings and riding a bike across the
Philippines to earn money for autism. By the end of their
education, children should be able to identify how they want to
live their lives. They will then be able to make informed
decisions about how to live that live which has personal
meaning to them beyond the school grounds.
Teachers reward their class or certain students with a party or
a special treat at the end of the week for good behavior
throughout the week. Teacher provides stimulus material and
prompts for the correct response. Repetition and proper
conditioning keeps the bucket filled.
“the results of linguistics—and especially the results of the
branches of linguistics concerned with semantics—provide
direct intuitions of the sort that have always served as the
starting points of philosophical positions
a constructivist teaching strategy is based on the belief that
students learn best when they gain knowledge through
exploration and active learning. Hands-on materials are used
instead of textbooks, and students are encouraged to think
and explain their reasoning instead of memorizing and reciting
facts. Education is centered on themes and concepts and the
connections between them, rather than isolated information.
CHRISTINE J. BARLISO DPE 106 (FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION 2)

THE SEVEN PHILOSOPHIES AS USED IN EDUCATION