PART 4:

EM OTIONS,
MOTIVES, &
STRESS
MANAGEMENT
By GROUP 4
 ROSCHELLE DIBDIB MARY GWYNN CURAMBIS

JOHANNA DELA CRUZ ELINDEZAE DANO

TRISHA DELA CRUZ

HARBEN DE CASTRO
Group 4
Presenters
Group 4 - EMOTIONS, MOTIVES, & STRESS MANAGEMENT THC6 - Professional Development & Applied Ethics

How do you feel today?

Drop your current feeling
through an emoji in the
chatbox!
A. Emotion
 Emotion
An emotion is a mental and physiological feeling Three Distinct Components:
state that directs our attention and guides our subjective experience
behavior. physiological response
An emotion is a complex reaction pattern, involving behavioral or expressive
experiential, behavioral, and physiological response
elements, by which an individual attempt to deal Emotions normally serve an
with a personally significant matter or event. adaptive role but it may also be
Emotions have both mental and physical destructive.
components.
 Emotions have both mental and physical
components.

Cognition

an awareness of the

Emotion sensation and usually its

cause; affect, the feeling
itself. Conation

a complex reaction pattern, involving the urge to take action;

experiential, behavioral, and physiological and physical changes
elements, by which an individual attempt to such as hypertension,
deal with a personally significant matter or tachycardia, and
event. sweating.
Guess the
Character
LET'S START!

II. Classification of Emotions

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Basic Emotions
During the 1970s, psychologist Paul Eckman identified
six basic emotions that he suggested were universally
experienced in all human cultures.

A HAPPINESS D DISGUST

OTHER TYPES OF
G
B SADNESS ANGER EMOTIONS
E

C FEAR F SURPRISE
 This type of emotion is
sometimes expressed through:
Facial expressions: such as
smiling
Body language: such as a
relaxed stance
Tone of voice: an upbeat,
pleasant way of speaking
Happiness is often defined as a pleasant
emotional state that is characterized by
feelings of contentment, joy, gratification,
satisfaction, and well-being.
A. HAPPINESS
Sadness can be expressed in a
number of ways including:
Crying
Dampened mood
Lethargy
Quietness
Withdrawal from others
Sadness is another type of emotion often defined
as a transient emotional state characterized by
feelings of disappointment, grief, hopelessness,
disinterest, and dampened mood.
B. SADNESS
 Expressions of this type of
emotion can include:
Facial expressions: such as
widening the eyes and
pulling back the chin
Body language: attempts to
hide or flea from the threat
Physiological reactions:
such as rapid breathing and
heartbeat
C. FEAR
Disgust can be displayed in a
number of ways including:
Body language: turning
away from the object of
disgust
Physical reactions: such as
vomiting or retching
Facial expressions: such as
wrinkling the nose and
curling the upper lip
D. DISGUST
 Anger is often displayed through:
Facial expressions: such as
frowning or glaring
Body language: such as taking a
strong stance or turning away
Tone of voice: such as speaking
gruffly or yelling
Physiological responses: such as
sweating or turning red
Aggressive behaviors: such as
hitting, kicking, or throwing
objects
Anger can be a particularly powerful emotion
characterized by feelings of hostility, agitation,
frustration, and antagonism towards others. Like
fear, anger can play a part in your body's fight or
flight response.
E. ANGER
Surprise is often characterized
by:
Facial expressions: such as
raising the brows, widening
the eyes, and opening the
mouth
Physical responses: such as
jumping back
Verbal reactions: such as
yelling, screaming, or
gasping
Surprise is usually quite brief and is characterized by
a physiological startle response following something
unexpected. This type of emotion can be positive,
negative, or neutral. A type of emotion that can
trigger the fight or flight response.
F. SURPRISE
 G. Other
Types of
Emotions
Pride in
Eckman identified the following Amusement Embarrassment
achievement
Contempt Excitement
emotions: Contentment Guilt
Relief
Satisfaction
Shame
Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Emotions
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY
EMOTION EMOTION EMOTION

Adoration, attraction, caring,

Affection tenderness, compassion,
sentimentality
Love
Arousal, desire, lust, passion,
Lust infatuation

Longing Longing

Amusement, bliss, gaiety, glee,

Cheerfulness joy, gladness, happiness,
satisfaction,...
Joy Zest Enthusiasm, excitement,...
Contentment Contentment, pleasure
Pride Pride, triumph
Optimism Eagerness, hope, optimism
Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Emotions
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY
EMOTION EMOTION EMOTION

Amazement, surprise,
Surprise Surprise
astonishment

Irritation Aggravation, agitation,

annoyance, grouchiness,...

Anger Exasperation Exasperation, frustration

Envy Envy, jealousy

 Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Emotions
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY
EMOTION EMOTION EMOTION

Suffering Agony, hurt, anguish

Dissapointment Dismay, displeasure

Sadness
Shame Guilt, regret remorse

Neglect, sympathy Isolation, loneliness, rejection,

humiliation, insult, pity,...

Horror Alarm, shock, fear, fright,

horrow, terror, panic,...
Fear
Nervousness Anxiety, tenseness, uneasiness,
apprehension, worry,...
Thayer’s arousal-valence
emotion plane a. High Arousal – Activated

high arousal

b. Low Arousal – Deactivated

- +
HA/NV HA/PV
c. Positive Valence – Pleasant
Negative valence positive valence
- +
LA/NV LA/PV d. Negative Valence – Unpleasant

low arousal
Activity #2. Pin the Emotion.

LET'S START!

II. Classification of Emotions

 Activated
Choose an emotion from the box
below and pin it on the arousal – tense alert
valence plane. nervous excited
enthusiastic
stressed
elated
Tense upset
Alert happy
Contented
Bored Unpleasant Pleasant
Sad
Happy
Upset sad contented
Calm depressed serene
Stressed
Excited relaxed
sluggish

bored calm

Deactivated
Nature of Emotions

1. James-Lange theory
According to this theory, you see an external stimulus that leads to
a physiological reaction. Your emotional reaction is dependent upon
how you interpret those physical reactions. For example, suppose
you are walking in the woods and you see a grizzly bear. You begin
to tremble and your heart begins to race. The James-Lange theory
proposes that you will interpret your physical reactions and
conclude that you are frightened ("I am trembling, therefore I am
afraid").
Nature of Emotions

2. Cannon-Bard Theory
The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion proposed the idea of the
fight or flight response. It’s leading question: When faced
with a potentially dangerous scenario, what do your instincts
tell you to do? For example, your boss at work asks you to
come into their office. You immediately think something is
wrong, and it triggers your glands to release adrenaline. You
become defensive and may feel the need to walk into the
office with your guard up, ready to fight.
Nature of Emotions

3. Schachter-Singer Theory
Also known as the two-factor theory of emotion, the Schachter-
Singer Theory is an example of a cognitive theory of emotion. This
theory suggests that the physiological arousal occurs first, and
then the individual must identify the reason behind this arousal in
order to experience and label it as an emotion.
An example of this theory would be like this: I see a strange man
walking toward me. My heart is racing and I am trembling. My rapid
heart rate and trembling are caused by fear.
Differences of
the theories
B. MOTIVES
Motivation

Definition Nature of Motivation

Motivation is the The concept of
psychological process that motivation focuses on
refers to general behavior. explaining what
Motive, on the other hand, “moves” behaviour. In
is the concrete cause of fact, the term
said behavior. Thus, motivation is derived
motivation is the process from the Latin word
itself and the motive is the ‘movere’, referring to
concrete reason for taking movement of activity.
action.
 Types of Motivation B. Psychosocial Motives

Social motives are mostly learned or

A. Biological Motives
A. Biological Motives
The biological or physiological approach to
explain motivation is the earliest attempt to
understand causes of behavior.
Focus on the innate, biological causes
of motivation like hormones,
neurotransmitters, brain structures
(hypothalamus, limbic system, etc.).
For example, hunger, thirst and sex
motives.
acquired. Social groups such as family,
neighborhood, friends, and relatives do
contribute a lot in acquiring social
motives.
Focus on psychological and social (as
well as environmental) factors and
how they interact with each other to
produce motivation.
For example, need for achievement,
affiliation, power, curiosity and
exploration, and self-actualization
motives.
Activity #3. Motivation
Affirmation.

LET'S START!
 Is There Science
Behind Positive Daily
Affirmations?
Thank you for participating!
 How to control
your emotions as a
Tourism Professional
 Emotional Intelligence
The term ‘emotional intelligence' (EQ) was popularized
by the psychologist, Daniel Goleman, who has stated
that self-awareness is the cornerstone of EQ and without
it, individuals have little chance of demonstrating other
competencies, such as empathy and adaptability, which
are crucial to the hotel industry.

In order to become more self-aware, one needs to constantly assess

one’s own feelings and moods. It is important to understand why
certain moods recur and what causes them.

Emotional Intelligence is the quality that enables

us to confront with patience, insight and
imagination the many problems that we face in
our affective relationship with ourselves and with
others.

EQ is also considered as the skill of the future.

 1
To successfully deliver
services.
In order to achieve this goal, it
is essential that employees are
able to anticipate what a
customer’s specific needs or
wants are before he or she
actually verbalizes them.
Importance
of Emotional Intelligence in the Industry
2
To build a strong team that is
motivated by its best (for 3
managers).
In a team where feelings are
valued and there is a culture
Efficient performance.
of empathy and
understanding, employees
are more likely to feel and
perform at their best. Emotional intelligence makes
employees become more
motivated and productive.
Applied Emotional Intelligence
1. Professional Language – no slang
2. Using guest’s name
3. Eye Contact
4. Smiling
5. Listening carefully – identify what the guest is telling
you
6. Identifying from listening how to improve the guest
experiences
7. Being self-aware of posture; surrounding; own
behavior
8. Empathy
9. Quick delivery of service
5 SIMPLE WAYS TO DEVELOP
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
 C. STRESS
MANAGEMENT
Activity #4. Stress Bingo.

LET'S START!
Activity #4. Stress Bingo.
Stress Defined
Stress can be defined as the response the body makes in attempt to
defend itself from either a real or an imagined threat. Normally, we are
always faced with hassles, demands, disappointments, dissatisfaction as
well as deadlines in our lives. In the event of such, aspects the body tries
to bring its system to a balance by building adequate energy as well as
staying alert to face any possibility of the threat happening. Nevertheless,
stress is generated either from the external environment or within
oneself.

Stress Management
Stress management is defined as the tools, strategies, or techniques that
reduce stress and reduce the negative impacts stress has on your mental
or physical well-being. A variety of techniques can be used to manage
stress.
TED-Ed: How stress affects your brain
 Strategies
The Four A’s

1. Avoid the stressor

2. Alter the stressor
3. Adapt to the stressor
4. Accept the stressor

A stressor is anything that causes the

release of stress hormones.
1. Avoid the stressor
Stress management strategy #1: Avoid unnecessary stress
a. Learn how to say “no”
b. Avoid people who stress you out
c. Take control of your environment
d. Avoid hot-button topics
e. Pare down your to-do list

2. Alter the stressor

Stress management strategy #2: Alter the situation
a. Express your feelings instead of bottling them up.
b. Be willing to compromise.
c. Be more assertive.
d. Manage your time better.
3. Adapt to the stressor
Stress management strategy #3: Adapt to the stressor
a. Reframe problems.
b. Look at the big picture.
c. Adjust your standards.
d. Focus on the positive.

4. Accept the stressor

Stress management strategy #4: Accept the things you

can’t change
a. Don’t try to control the uncontrollable.
b. Look for the upside.
c. Share your feelings.
d.Learn to forgive
 ROSCHELLE DIBDIB MARY GWYNN CURAMBIS

JOHANNA DELA CRUZ ELINDEZAE DANO

TRISHA DELA CRUZ

HARBEN DE CASTRO
Thank you
for listening!