AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :
Factrored B.M. Mu = 19.50 kNm (refer page no )

Material properties
Compressive strength of concrete fc = 45 N/mm²
Yield strength of steel fy = 415 N/mm²

Check for thickness of wall from moment criteria

Width of wall b = 1000 mm

Clear Cover = 40 mm
Assuming dia of bar = 16 mm
Spacing of vertical bars = 150 mm
²
Area of reinforcement Ast = 1000 x p x 16 = 1340 mm²
150 4

Depth of stress block

f y A st
a=
0. 85 f c b
= 415 x 1340 = 14.54 mm
0.85 x 45 x 1000

Strength reduction factor Φ = 0.9 (for flexure)

Max. ultimate B.M. Mu = 19.50 kN m

Nominal B.M. Mn = Mu = 19.50 = 21.67 kNm

Φ 0.9

M n =f y A st d− ( a2 )
2.17E+07 = 415 x 1340 d - 14.54
2
d = 46 mm

Overall thickness of wall D = 46 + 16 + 16 + 40

2
= 110 mm

Check for reinforcement in wall

Overall thickness of wall D = 175 mm

Clear Cover = 40 mm
Let dia of main bar = 16 mm
Effective thickness of wall d = 175 - 40 - 16
2
= 127 mm

Steel required for balanced section

Coefficient β1 = 0.743 (for M45 grade of concrete)

0 . 85 β1 f c 87000
%-age steel required for Balanced Section ρb =
fy (
87000+f y )
ρb = 0.85 x 0.743 x 45 x 87000
415 ( 87000 + 415 )
 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :
= 0.0681
ρmax = 0.75 ρb = 0.0511 = 5.11 %

Calculation of steel area required for actual B.M.

f y A st
a=
0. 85 f c b

M n =f y A st d− ( a2 )
Solving the above two eqns. the following quadratic eqn. in Ast is obtained

( f 2y
)
A 2 −f dA + M n =0
1 . 7 f c b st y st
2
fy
Taking A= , B=−f y d , C=M n
1.7f cb
Area of steel can be calculated as −B−√ B2 −4 AC Eqn (1)
A st =
2A
Design of for Max. B.M.
Nominal B.M. Mn = 21.67 kNm
Coefficients A = 2.25
B = -52705
C = 21666667
Ast required = 419 mm² (from eqn 1)

Min area of steel required

A st min =Max
[ =1. 4

fy
bd ,
√ f 'c bd
4f y ] = 513 mm²

Ast max = ρmax bd = 0.0511 x 1000 x 127 = 6491 mm²

As Ast max > Ast required

Hence O.K.

Ast(provided) = 513 mm²

Spacing of bars of diameter 16 mm = 1000 = 392 Nos.

513 (say 150 mm c/c)

²
p x 16
4
Summary of reinforcement

Provide dia. 16 bar @ 200 mm c/c at both face

 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :
 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :
Material properties
Compressive strength of concrete fc = 45 N/mm²
Yield strength of steel fy = 415 N/mm²

Section properties of wall

Width of wall b = 1000 mm
Thickness of wall h = 250 mm
Unsupported length of wall Lu = 3.30 m = 3300 mm

Ultimate load on wall

Factored axial load on wall Pu = 532 kN
Smaller factored end moment on wall M1 = 3 kNm
Larger factored end moment on wall M2 = 19.5 kNm

As per 10.12.3.2 of ACI - 318 moment M2 shall not be taken less than

M2,min = Pu ( 15 + 0.03 h )
= 532 15 + 0.03 x 250
= 11970 kN mm
= 11.97 kNm < 19.5 kNm
Hence O.K.

Check for wall slenderness

Effective length factor k = 0.75 (assuming both end fixed)
Radius of gyration of wall r = 0.3 x h (10.11.2 of ACI-318)
= 0.3 x 250 = 75 mm

Slenderness ratio of wall kLu = 0.75 x 3300 = 33

r 75

Slenderness effect of wall can be neglected if

kLu
r
=Min 34−12
[ ( ) ]
M1
M2
, 40 (10.12.2 of ACI-318)

Limiting value of slenderness ratio kLu = Min 34 - 12 x 3 , 40

r 19.5

= 32 < 33
Hence slenderness effect shall be considered
Calculation of magnified moment

Magnified moment M c =δ ns M 2 (10.12.3 of ACI-318)

where magnification factor Cm (10.12.3 of ACI-318)

δ ns= ≥1 . 0
Pu
1−
0 .75 Pc
2
and π EI (10.12.3 of ACI-318)
Pc =
( kL u )2

EI shall be taken as 0 . 4 Ec I g (10.12.3 of ACI-318)

EI =
1+ β d

Equivalent moment correction factor Cm = 0.6 + 0.4 M1 (for members without transverse loads
(10.12.3.1 of ACI-318) M2 between supports)
 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :
= 1.0 (for members with transverse loads
between supports)
βd = Max. factored axial sustained load = 1.0 (to be on conservative side)
Max. factored axial load

Ec = 4700 √ f 'c (8.5.1of ACI-318)

= 4700 45 = 31529 N/mm²

3 4
M.I. of gross concrete section Ig = 1000 x 250 = 1302083333 mm
12

EI = 0.4 x 31529 x 1302083333

1 + 1.0

= 8210562104882 Nmm²

Pc = π² x 8210562104882
0.75 x 3300 ²

= 13228854 N = 13229 kN

δns = 1.0
1 - 532
0.75 x 13229

= 1.1 > 1.0

Hence O.K.

Magnified moment Mc = 1.1 x 20 = 20.60 kNm

Check for design strength versus required strength

Dia of vertical bar = 16 mm
Spacing of vertical bars = 150 mm
²
Area of reinforcement Ast = 1000 x p x 16 = 1340 mm²
150 4

Clear Cover to vertical bar = 40 mm

Effective cover to vertical bar dt = 40 + 16 = 48 mm

2

Effective thickness of wall d = 250 - 40 - 16 = 202 mm

2

Stress in compression steel

{ [
f 's =Min 600 1−
'

d 600(
d 600+ f y
)] , fy
}
= Min 600 1 - 48 600 + 415 , 415
202 600

= 359 N/mm²

Nominal axial load on wall

Pn =0 . 85 f 'c ba+ f 's A s −A st f y Eqn (1)

Assuming the wall section to be tension controlled section

 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :

Strength reduction factor Φ = 0.9

Nominal axial load on wall Pn = Pu = 532

Φ 0.9

= 591.1 kN = 591111 N
From eqn (1) 591111 = 0.85 x 45 x 1000 a + 359 x 1340
- 1340 x 415

a = 17 mm

Coefficient β1 = 0.743 (for M45 grade of concrete)

Depth of N.A. c = a = 17 = 23 mm
β1 0.743

Strain in tensile steel

0 . 003 ( d−c ) = 0.003 x 202 - 23
ε t=
c 23

= 0.0228 > 0.005

Hence section is tension-controlled section

So the assumption of tension controlled section (Φ = 0.90) is correct

Design moment capacity of wall is given as

M n =0 . 85 f 'c ba ( d2 − a2 )+f A ( d2 −d )+f A ( d2 −d )

'
s s c y st t

Mn = 0.85 x 45 x 1000 x 18 ( 202 - 18 ) + 359 x 1340 ( 202 - 48 ) + 415 x 1340 ( 202 - 48 )

2 2 2

= 120893428 N mm

= 120.9 kNm > 19.50 kNm

Hence O.K.
 AL - Design Calculation Sheet Sht No :

Const. Saudi Consulting Services Design by :

YAMAMA Date :
Project Description & Area
COMPANY
(DAMMAM) Eastern Water Tower Project (Al- Khobar) Reviewed by :
Title : Design of Bowl circular wall Date :