CEP363 REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

TOPIC: Flexural Analysis of Uncracked Reinforced Concrete Section

Prepared by: ENGR. RANDY G. POLICARPIO

PROBLEM 1:
A 5 m simple beam is uniformly loaded with 10 kN/m. Given are the following beam properties:

b  300 mm nb  3 nb = number of bar f'c  28MPa

L  5m
kN h  500 mm dia  28mm dia = bar diameter
w  10 fy  276MPa
m
conccover  40mm tie b  10mm tieb = tie diameter
E  200000
MPa
s

REQUIRED:
a. Determine the actual moment of the beam.
b. Determine the cracking moment of the beam.
c. Determine if the section is uncracked or cracked.
d. Determine the stresses in the concrete and steel due to actual moment.
e. Check the adequacy.

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SOLUTION:

a. Solving for the actual moment, Ma (kN - m)

2
w L
M a 
8

 10 kN  ( 5m) 2
 m
Ma
 
8

Ma  31.25 kN  m

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b. Solving for the cracking moment, Mcr (kN - m)

Mcr ( y)
fr
Ig

1. Solving for the modulus of rupture, fr (MPa)

fr  0.7 f'c

fr 0.7 28MPa

fr  3.704 say: fr = 3.70 MPa

2. Solving for the Gross moment of inertia, Ig (mm4)

1 3
Ig  b h
12

3
( 30 0mm)  ( 50 0mm)
Ig
12

4
Ig  3125000000 mm

3. Location of the neutral axis with respect to the extreme tension fiber

h 50 0mm
y  y y  250 mm
2 2

fr  Ig
M cr 
2
y  10 00

 

 3.70 N   3123000000
mm
4 
2
Mcr
 mm 
2
( 250mm)  1000

Mcr  46.25 kN  m

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c. Uncracked / Cracked

Since Mcr  Ma therefore the section is uncracked.

d. Solving for the stresses in the concrete and steel.

1. Solving for the Modulus of Elasticity of concrete, Ec (MPa)

Ec  4700 f'c Ec  24870.062 MPa

Es
2. Modular ratio; n  n  8.042 say: n  8
Ec

As  nb  ( dia) 
 2
3. Area of Steel, As (mm2) As  1847.256 say: AS = 1847.26 𝑚𝑚2
 4 

4. Solving for the location of the N.A., Ytop (mm), reference axis: top of beam

Aconc  (b )(h )
Area of Concrete, Aconc (mm2):
2
Aconc ( 300mm)  ( 500mm) 150000
mm

Distance of concrete section centroid from h

reference axis, y1 (mm): y1   250 mm
2

Transformed area of Steel, (n-1)As (mm2): (n  1)As


( 8  1)  1847.26
mm
2 mm
12930.82
2

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 Distance of centroid of group of steel from dia
reference axis, y2 (mm): d'  conccover  tie b 
2

28mm
d' 40mm  10mm 
2

d'  64 mm

y2  h  d'

y2 500mm  64mm 436mm

Total area: AT  Aconc  (n  1)As

2 2 2
AT mm  12930.82
150000 mm 162930.82
mm

Using Varignon's Theorem, taking moment of area about the top of the beam

AT Ytop Aconc y1  (n  1)As  y2

A con c y 1  ( n  1)A s  y 2
Yto p 
AT

Ytop
150000mm2(250mm)  12930.82mm2(436mm)
2
162930.82
mm

Ytop  264.762 say: Ytop = 264.76 mm

5. Solving for the uncracked moment of inertia, IU (mm4):

  Ix  A  d
2
Iu
 

3 2
 b  h   Yto p    ( n  1)  A s   y 2  Yto p 
b h h 2
Iu 
12  2

 
3
( 30 0mm)  ( 50 0mm) 2 2 2
Iu  ( 30 0mm)  ( 50 0mm)  ( 26 4.76mm  25 0mm)  12 930 .8mm
2  ( 43 6mm  26 4.76mm)
12

Iu  3536850854.141 say: Iu = 3536850854 mm4

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6. For the stresses in concrete, fc (MPa); ft (MPa):

M a Yto p
fc
Iu

2
M a ( 10 00)  Yto p
fc 
Iu

(31.25)(1000)2N  mm  (264.76mm)

fc
4
3536850854
mm

fc  2.34 MPa

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
M a Ybo t
ft
Iu

2

M a ( 10 00)  h  Yto p 
ft 
Iu

(31.25) (1000)2N  mm  (500mm  264.76mm)

ft
4
3536850854
mm

ft  2.08 MPa

ft  fr therefore uncracked

7. For the stress in steel, fs (MPa):

fs 
Ma y 2  Yto p 
n Iu

 M  ( 10 00) 2  y  Y  
 a 2 to p 
fs  n
 
 Iu

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 (31.25) (1000)2N  mm (436mm  264.76mm)
fs 8 
 4 
 3536850854 mm 

fs  12.1 MPa

e. Check the adequacy:

Since the section is still uncracked due to the actual loads or moment, therefore the section is
adequate.

Check the actual vs. the allowable stresses:

fc 2.34  fcallowable  c
0.45f' 12.6 (OK)

fs 12.1  fsallowable 0.5 fy 138 (OK)

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