Question B2 A new field in a BRAIDED FLUVIAL reservoir is being appraised. Well 16/21-4 encountered the OWC at 1125 ft depth TVDSS. A top structure map based on seismic analysis has been prepared for the field area (Figure B2-1), The formation comprises two main sand bodies illustrated in the diagrammatic log of Well 16/21-4 (Figure B2-2) (a) Using the map in Figure 82-1, estimate the area covered by the OWC and calculate the gross rock volume in m3. Use the blank graph provided in Figure 82-3 to plot your calculations. You will need to estimate the thickness of the main sand bodies from the log provided in Figure B2-2. NOTE 1: Please pay attention to the location of the well 16/21-4 on the map, and think about what this means for the position of the sand bodies. NOTE 2: Please use the quick estimation method assuming the Area vs Height graph approximates a triangle. NOTE 3: Please be careful about the units you use (see the unit conversion tables at the end of the paper). (10 marks) (b) Using the information in the following table, calculate the STOIIP for the field in m3 (Top and Bottom refer to the two sand units identified in Well 16/21-4): (6 marks) Units: [NTG% | Porosity% |So% |Bo% Top 95 2 78 1.12 Bottom | 96 19 82 1.12 (c) What assumptions have you made to calculate the STOIIP above? How might the depositional environment interpretation affect the reliability of these assumptions? Think about the distribution of the reservoir units and their connectivity, as well as structural complications. (5 marks)Solution B2 Units: | NTG | Porosity] So | Bo% | GRV (m3) Thickness | STOIIP (m3) | S % |% % (ft) ( Top 95 22 78 | 1.12 1083426840 | 45 157696645.9 | 9 (MUD) 25 Bottom | 96 19 82 | 1.12 856183200 | 52 114337150.8 | 7 (a) Using the estimated thicknesses above, create the following plot, and obtain the GRV each layer separately. [1 mark for evidence of area chlculation, 2 for correctish number (85 km2, so 77-93 range for plotting on OWC depth, 2 for completing rest of graph (layers), 1 for correct GRV calculation (1/2 base * height), 1 for correct unit conversions, 1 for subtracting triangles, 1 final numbers, either quoted separately as above, or as a sum = 1711038174.6, or 1.71 x 10°] Page 11 of(b) STOIIP needs to be calculated separately for each layer using the table above. The final summed value is 319352037.2/m? or 319 x 10° m®. [2 for correct STOP equation: (GRV x NTG x Porosity x So)/Bo 1 for using fractions, 3 for correct (consistent!) answer(s) in correct units, with correct number of zeros!] (c) The main assumption is that the thickness and quality of each layer is consistent, and that they extend across the whole area being investigated (OWC and above). [2] Given that this is a braided fluvial system, the sand badias likely represent stacked channels, and given the map scale, it is likely that there are different stacked channels in different parts of the field, representing a wide possible variability in terms of thicknesses, connectivity and quality across the field. [2] This may make the calculation of STOIIP by this method difficult ~ it may be better to use a total GRV and a NTG value to estimate the overall proportion of reservoir to non-reservoir. [1] (d) The image shows two sand bodies which are not connected vertically, so each would need to be considered separately, and vertical sweep will ikely be inefficient [2]. Hetergeneity is also high according to both the diagram and the environment [1]. Completing in each layer, or finding places within the reservoir where the layers do connect, and drilling there are both possible ways of getting around the issues [1]