REVISION (1) The circle : It is a set of points of the plane which are at a constant distance from a fixed point in the same plane , where this point is called the center of the circle and the constant distance is called the radius . (2) The circle divides the plane into three sets of points: (a) the set of points on the circle. (b) the set of points inside the circle. (c) the set of points outside the circle, (3) the chord (4) the rad (5) the diameter: is the longest chord in the circle or the chord that passes through a line segment joins between two points on the circle. : isa line segment joins between the center and any point on the circle. the center of the circle . (6) the circumference | the perimeter Jof the cirele= 2 r (7) The area of the circle = 11. (8) The axis of symmetry of the circle :Is a straight passes through the center . (9) The circle has an infinite number of axes of symmetry . (10)The semicircle has only one axis of symmetry . pel Ages gy Ayal Gilat ga (11) The length of the side __| (12) The line segment joins (13) the length of the median that opposite to the angle of | between the two midpoints of two | which is drawn from the right measure 30° in the right sides in the triangle is parallel to | vertex in the right - angled angled triangle equals half | the third side and half its length . | triangle equals half the length of the hypotenuse. A the hypotenuse, A a ¥ y © a B + mZB=90° {s midpoint of AC m2 B= 90° vmZC=30° ‘is midpoint of AB + BX isa median XV //BC Exe! saB=! AC = XV BC, 2BX =4 AC Fiisy cay Se al aL Jo sane PERRO CCC ccc eee eee cee cecePERRO CCC ccc eee eee cee cece Corollaries : Aol Ig5,05 Glide bles 1935) (1) The st. line passing through | (2)The st. line passing through | (3) The bisector and the center of the circle and the center of the circle and perpendicular to a chord in bisects a chord in the circle perpendicular to a chord in the circle will be pass will be perpendicular to the circle will be bisects through the center . the chord . the chord. a A a hs a MX LAB, + X is midpoint of AB «MX LAB ¥ Nis midpoint of AB + MX 1 AB, m 2 MXB=90° is midpoint of AB, AX = XB | -, MX passes though the center . Ex1: A Ex2: A In the opposite figure : xs In the opposite figure : xs X is midpoint of AB , (K ») X is midpoint of AB , (3X ») Yis midpoint of AC, ‘ap Yis midpoint of AC, “Ep; mz CAB =52°, find ; mZ CAB = 60°, find mZXMY. mz XMY. Sol : Badly Jo snore Al Sol: + X is midpoint of AB a «MX LAB mz MXA = 90° ¥S Yis midpoint of AC QRS MY LAC mz MYA= 90° cry a “mz XMY= = 360 -[90 +90 +52 |= 128° FS) gid oltde OLS 59 Sg45 MLS Ex3: In the opposite figure : A E isa midpoint of AC , Dis a midpoint of AB, mZ A= 45°, prove that A MDF is an iso.PERCE CCC ccc cece cee eee eee cece cece Sol: + Dis midpoint of AB MDL AB,mz MD. point of AC ME 1 AC,mz MEA=90° + mZB = mZMCB = 60° + mZBMC = 180 - | 60 + 60 | = 60° 90° the measure of each angle in A MBC= 60 «Eis «A MBC is an equilateral A EX 5: “mz EMD= In the opp. figure : =360 -[90 +90 +45 ie af ‘Two concentric circles mZDMF = 45°, mZMDF = 90° MZMED = 180 - [90° + 45° | = 45° *» mZDMF = mZMED = 45° Sol: = DM=DF Construction: A MDF is an isosceles A. draw ME 1 AB EX4: c In the small circle B SE * In the opp.figure : 1 “ME .CD RE MD Lac, = 69° i, + Ind MDE ‘ The measure of each angle = 60° A MDE is an equilateral A. EX7: In the opp. figure: (3) MX LAB, ‘The circumference of A / | \ the circle =26 tem, ° a { MX =5cm.Find H | the length of AB \ Y sul hy ir. = 260 B o2ur=26n arate VS m(Z DME) = ° er =13em (Luxor 14 + Giza 15) MB = 13cm.IW. EX 1: Complete : a Q) (3) A AN B a ‘'B © B In the opp. figure : In the opp. figure? X is the midpoint of AB | tn the opp.figure mzA=52° | MX =3 em, AB= 8 em mz XMB = 52°, Then Then the circumference of then mZ MBA =......° mireflex 2XMY © | the cirele=.2.....¢m (4) The number of axes of symmetry of the circle i (5) The number of axes of symmetry of a quarter of a circle is (6)The straight line passes through the center of the circle (7) The circle divides the plane into.........sets of points (8) In the right - angled triangle the length of the hypotenuse equals the length of the side opposite to the angle of measure 30° EX 2: In the opposite figure : Eis a midpoint of AC , D is a midpoint of AB, mZ A = 45°, prove that A MDF is an iso. A. EX 3: In the opp. figure : X, Y are the midpoints of AB , AC respectively , mz CAB = 120°, prove that A MDE is an equilateral A. EX 4: In the opp. figure : AB and BC are two chords in the cirele M, which has radius length of 5 cm, MD 1 AB intersects AB at D and AN [A intersects the circle M at E,, X is the midpoint of BC , AB = 8em ,m(Z ABC) =56°, Find (1) m(Z DMX ) (2) length of DE , ee PERRO CCC ccc eee eee cee cecePositions of a point, a straight line and a circle with respect to a circle . 1] Positions of a point with respect to a circle . I (a)If A lies outside the circle | (b) If A lies inside the circle | (c ) If A is on the circle © & MA>r MA its center where x >0, then L is (a) outside the circle (b) a tangent to the circle (c)a secant to the circle (d) passing through the center Sol: EX2] c EX3] In the opposite figure: BC is.a tangent, Eis midpoint of AD , YX : mz C=50°, 4 ZN, s y find m2 MEB /— N B Sol: re a tangent + MB is a radius m (2 MBC )=90° Eis midpoint of AD m (2 MED) =90° +m (Z BME ) = 360—[ 90 +90 +50 | = 130° Form the opposite figure : ‘The perimeter of the shape MDAB Sol: (APERRO CCC ccc cece cece cece eee cee cece Hw. Bl gl Jae ab Ga pall Lg! 813 call ple US gi « Cunad gins JS! | Sit) [Ex1] Choose the correct answer : Cheat Je chy Gl gb Anca any aca s (iin the opposite figure = (i) AB nthe circle M = {CD} (9 (CD (cD (ii) AB r the surface of the circle M = (ay .D} (b)® = (CD (a) CD IfCD=8cm,MX =3cm,MXLCD ‘Then CX = (a4 (b) 6 ()2 (a3 (IV) The circumference of the circle (0m ()16n (©5x én em (A circle with diameter length 10 em, the straigh the straight line Lis istant from its center by 5 em, then (a) A tangent (b) A secant (c) Outside the circle (d) A diameter of the circle (3) A circle with diameter length 10 cm, the straight line L is distant from its center by 6 em, then the straight line L is (a) A tangent (b) A secant) (c) Outside the circle (d) A diameter of the circle (4) A circle with diameter length 10 cm, the straight line L is distant from its center by 4m, then the straight line Lis (a) A tangent (b) A secant (c) Outside the circle (d) A diameter of the circle (5)A circle with greatest chord with length = 12 em, then the circumference of the circle = @2n )6r ©24n 100 cm. (©The number of axes of symmetry of the circle equals . )1 (b) 2 (©)3 @)aninfinite number (7)The circumference ofa circle = 6m cm. ,the straightline L is farfromits center by 3.cm., then the straight line L is (a) A tangent (b) A secant (c) Outside the circle (d) A diameter of the circle (8)The point ......... belongs to the circle whose center is the origin point and the length of the radius is 3 units. (a)(1,2) — (b)(VB,-2) (ec) (V2,1) (a) (3,1)[a2] Weal Nye Se abl Using each of the following figures » choose the correct answer from those given : ‘Ff AB is a tangent to the circle M at A » AB = AM > then m(Z M) = (a) 30° (b) 45° (©) 60° (a) 90° ‘AB is a tangent to the circle M ym (ZB) =30° sAM=6cm. ig a qi 4 4g ig i 4g g » then MB = cm. (Red Sea 18) (a)3 (b) 6 ()9 (d) 12 (S)AB is a diameter of the circle M » CA and CD touch the circle at A and D + if m (2 DMB) = 50° 5 then m (2 C) = (a) 50° (b) 130° (©) 90° (d) 40° 193] (2 Mis a circle in each of the following figures and AB is a tangent. Complete : “Q ae Tk B m (ZAMB) = < m (ZADB) = . m(ZAME) = - 2 cr 5 ( i 8 D Wem. A oa 4 The perimeter of | The perimeter of the DB= cm. AABC oem, | figure ABMD = «om. ‘Camsconer si tepal