EYE CARE PROFESSIONS

There are several different professions that focus on the health and care of the eye. These
eye care professions are an integral part to keeping your quality of life where it should be. However,
beyond getting eye examinations and checkups, many people might simply lump these health care
professions together. What very few realize is the difference between them.
Optometrist – Most people visit an optometrist for their primary vision care. Several facets
of eye care can be performed by an optometrist. They diagnose problems with vision including
diseases, prescribe contacts and eyeglasses, provide treatment before and after eye surgery, and
prescribe drugs for various eye treatments. A Doctor of Optometry (O.D.) must go to an
accredited university for at least three years before being accepted into a four-year accredited
optometry school.
Ophthalmologist – An ophthalmologist is a Medical Doctor (M.D.) or a Doctor of
Osteopathy (D.O.). Ophthalmologists perform all the things optometrists do, but they may also
perform eye surgery, like LASIK, as they are licensed to practice medicine. In addition to four
years of undergraduate work, a person interested in becoming an ophthalmologist must then attend
four years of medical school, and then enter an internship or residency that can take several more
years depending on the focus of the specialty. Ophthalmologists may become board certified.
Optician – Opticians have the job of actually manufacturing and dispensing contacts and
eyeglasses. A manufacturing optician creates the lenses from beginning to end. They measure,
surface, and smooth the lens. Dispensing opticians are the opticians you see when you get glasses or
contacts. They measure the eyes, show patients how to care for their lenses, and may occasionally
grind the lens. Opticians learn their skills through apprenticing and university classes, then become
certified by taking exams. They often deal with the patients referred to them by optometrists or
ophthalmologists.
Ophthalmic Technologist – Ophthalmic technologists assist ophthalmologists. Their
training covers administering eye medication, taking patient medical histories, assisting in eye
surgeries, using various medical instruments, and making sure each patient understands their
diagnosis and treatment. An ophthalmic technologist may specialize in one of several different
fields.
Orthoptist – Orthoptists focus on treatment of the muscles in the eye. Patients are often
those who have lazy eye or are cross-eyed. Some patients are recovering from head injuries or
strokes. Orthoptists use various instruments to determine an appropriate course of treatment.
Treatment may include various eye exercises or giving patients an eye patch. Many of the patients
are children since this is when problems like lazy eye and cross-eyes usually present.

IІІ РІВЕНЬ
Ex. 1Choose the right answer from A,B, C or D.

1. Checkup is…
A. the tool of the oculist
B. a medical examination to test your general state of health
C. eye care profession
D. no correct variant
2. People go to the optometrist if……
A. they have problems with their oral cavity
B. they do not see at all
C. they have primary vision complaints
D. they want to buy glasses
3. Who can do the same things as optometrist does and perform eye surgeries?
A. Optometrist
B. Ophthalmologist
C. Optician
D. Orthoptist
4. Which of the following words matches the definition “An eye that diverges in gaze”?
A. Lazy eye
B. Cross-eyes
C. Surgery
D. Medication
5. Which of the following words matches the definition “physical harm or damage to someone's
body caused by an accident or an attack”?
A. Disease
B. Surgery
C. Injury
D. Muscle
6. Which of the following words matches the definition “(of a doctor) to say what medical
treatment someone should have”?
A. To treat
B. To prescribe
C. To examine
D. To recover
7. What does orthoptist do?
A. assists ophthalmologists
B. manufactures contacts and eyeglasses
C. treats the eye muscles
D. nothing
8. Who manufactures eye contacts and eye glasses?
A. Orthoptist
B. Optician
C. Ophthalmologist
D. who wants

Ex. 2. Translate the sentences in Ukrainian. State the meaning of the pronoun one.

 Those are lovely scarves. I think I'll buy one.

 One is hardly enough.
 One is purple, the other green.
 The three brothers get along quite well; in fact they adore one another.
 One of the senators will lead the group to the front of the capitol.
 The yellow car is fast, but I think the blue one will win.
 One would think the airlines would have to close down.
 One would [You'd] think the inner dome of heaven had fallen.
 The young comedian was awful; one felt embarrased for him.
 If one fails, then one must try harder next time.