UNIT 3 Go For It

and Get It!

LESSON A A NEW CELLPHONE

1. USE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX TO LABEL THE PARTS OF A CELL PHONE.

bottom microphone ring/silent switch volume buttons status bar receiver speaker

dock connector sim card tray headphones jack main camera front camera display

app icons top microphone home button led flash

25
 2. COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH WITH WORDS FROM EXERCISE 1.

GET YOURSELF THE BEST

SMARTPHONE IN THE MARKET!
Take the best pictures and videos with the 12 pixel (1) __________________ on
the back and with the 10 pixel (2) __________________. Browse through your
apps easily with the 6 inches (3) __________________ that includes an
intelligent (4) __________________ with fingertip recognition.
Are you a fan of music? Listen to your favorite songs or podcasts with
its very powerful 99 dB (5) __________________ and don’t look for a
(6)__________________ because it is wireless.
Forget about the (7) __________________ on the side of the telephone. Turn
the volume up or down just with the power of your voice even when
you are five meter away because it has the best (8) __________________ with
voice recognition.
Don’t forget to preorder your telephone now and get a 15% discount on
accessories.

3. LOOK AT THE SENTENCES IN BOLD IN EXERCISE 2 AND COMPLETE THE CHART.

IMPERATIVES:

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

We use imperatives to give instructions,

4. GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 3. directions or orders.

5. ORDER THE INSTRUCTIONS. LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

Turn on the phone, press the ON button for five

Enjoy your new cellphone!
seconds and wait.

Don‘t use the cellphone before charging it!

Charge the phone for 3 hours before using it.
Use the A/C adapter provided.
Open the box and check that all the
accessories are included.
Check that the security seal is unbroken.

Place the SIM card and the external SD card (not

included) on the tray.
26
 6. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO COMPLETE THE IMPERATIVES.

1. Take / Don’t take pictures, it’s forbidden.

2. Let / Don’t let your phone have contact with water.
3. Pay / Don’t pay attention, this is important.
4. Eat / Don’t eat junk food, it’s bad for your health.
5. Turn on / Turn off your cell phone during the meeting.
6. Charge / Don’t charge the laptop before leaving home.
7. Study / Don’t study hard, it is going to be a difficult exam.
8. Open / Don’t open your book on page 25.

7. TALK TO A PARTNER AND DISCUSS

• What is the worst thing that may happen to your cell phone?
• How can you prevent it?

LESSON B FIRST, SECOND, AND THEN

1. LISTEN AND COMPLETE THE INSTRUCTIONS WITH THE WORDS FROM THE BOX.

after that then later first finally second

CONGRATULATIONS! YOU HAVE A NEW CELL PHONE.

Follow the instructions, so you can start using your phone.

_____________, check that the security seal is unbroken. This is really important, that way
you can be sure that your cellphone is new.
_____________, open the box and check that all the accessories are included. If anything is
missing, please contact the manufacturer.
_____________, charge the phone for 3 hours before using it. Use the A/C
adapter provided. Don't use the cellphone before charging it!
_____________ place the SIM card and the external SD card (not inclu-
ded) on the tray.
_____________, turn on the phone. Press and hold the ON button
for five seconds.
_____________, your new cell phone!

Sequence words (first, then, later) help

us understand the order of events.

27
 2. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOX TO COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH.

first then after after that finally second

Before you use your new laptop follow the instructions. (1) __________________, make sure to open the laptop box on
a clean surface. (2)__________________, unwrap all the components and make sure nothing is missing.
(3)__________________, charge the laptop at least two hours before you turn it on. (4) __________________ two hours, turn
on the laptop to check that everything runs properly and (5) __________________ install all the software you need.
(6)__________________, don’t forget to unplugged the laptop when you are not using it.

3. LOOK AT THE PICTURE. WRITE THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING POPCORN.

MAKE SURE TO USE THE SEQUENCE WORDS.

4. WORK IN PAIRS. TELL YOUR PARTNER THE INSTRUCTIONS TO MAKE OR PREPARE

SOMETHING. HE / SHE HAS TO GUESS WHAT IT IS. THEN, SWITCH ROLES.
28
 LESSON C GET ON OR GET IN

1. READ THE FOLLOWING LETTER AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

1. Is Mina Neill’s girlfriend?

2. Is she happy or angry?

3. Is Neill happy or sad?

4. What did Mary do?

5. What is the purpose of the letter?

2. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND

DISCUSS THE MEANING OF THE
WORDS IN BOLD WITH A CLASS-
MATE.

3. GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE
UNIT 3.

4. MATCH THE SENTENCES TO THE PICTURES. WRITE THE NUMBERS IN THE CIRCLES.

1. Get up! It´s late for school!

2. Karen and Barbara don’t get along; they are always
fighting.
3. Get in the car!
4. Where do you get off the bus? I get off the bus downtown.
5. Get over Dave, he is a very bad guy! He doesn’t deserve
your love.
6. I couldn’t get on the bus because I arrived late to the
station.
7. Please give me a call when you get back, I want to meet
you at the airport.
8. Laura always gets away with it; she always obtains what
she wants.
9. I always get behind with my credit card payments; I always
pay late.
10. I need to get away for a few days, I want to go to the beach.

29
 5. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE PHRASAL
VERB WITH "GET", USE THE VERBS IN EXERCISES 1 AND 4.

1. It’s starting to rain, hurry, ____________ the house!

2. Do I ____________ the bus at this station or the next one? The next one.
3. Well, let’s ____________ to work, we talked for 30 minutes!
4. I don’t ____________ with my neighbor, he is not a nice person.
5. Daniel, please ____________ and help me with the dishes, it’s 11:00 am!
6. Nina is the slowest in gym class, she always ____________ when we run.
7. It is always nice to ____________ and visit a beautiful place to forget
about work.

LESSON D TAKE OFF OR GO OFF

1. READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

My name is Thomas. I have a beautiful family. Let me tell you that I

take after my father especially in the eyes. My mom is sometimes
bossy. She always asks me to take off my shoes when I am lying on
my bed but she gets really angry when I forget to take out the
garbage.

I have an older sister. She’s crazy because she thinks she can take
over the control of the house when my parents are not at home but
she never takes on any responsibilities. My brother is really pecu-
liar. He loves to take appliances apart and to reassemble them. He
can easily take you through the amazing world of technology and
electronics, he knows everything! Well, I need to go, my mom
needs me to take a book back to the library.

1. Who is Thomas similar in appearance to?

2. What is Thomas’s opinion about his mother?
3. How many siblings does Thomas have?
4. What is Thomas’s sister like?
5. What is Thomas’s brother best quality?
6. What does Thomas’s mother need to return immediately?

2. READ THE TEXT AGAIN. WHAT DO YOU THINK THE PHRASAL VERBS IN BOLD MEAN?

30
 3. MATCH THE PHRASAL VERBS FROM EXERCISE 1 TO THEIR MEANINGS.

1. To separate something into parts specially objects.

2. To assume control.
3. To explain something very well.
4. To look like a family member.
5. To return something because it didn’t work properly.
6. To undertake new responsibilities and activities.
7. To remove clothes from your body.
8. To put something outside a place.

4. CHOOSE THE CORRECT PHRASAL VERB TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCE.

1. Don’t forget to take over / take out the dog for a walk.
2. Armando takes through / takes on those topics easily. He can help you.
3. Take back / Take over that TV. It doesn’t work.
4. The new assistant takes on / take after her new responsibilities very well.
5. My cousin takes after / takes off her mother. They are like two drops of water.
6. Please, take off / take apart your shoes before you enter the house.
7. Don’t take apart / take over that toy! It won’t work anymore.

5. LISTEN TO LIZ AND LAILA CONVERSATION. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER.

1. Liz has a problem with her computer / cellphone.

2. Liz doesn’t know / knows what to do.

3. Liz needs / doesn’t need someone to help her.

4. Laila is / isn’t in a difficult situation.

5. Laila wants / doesn’t want to go away.

6. Laila’s mother in law is / isn’t sick.

31
 6. READ THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN LIZ AND LAILA. MATCH THE UNDERLINED
PHRASAL VERBS WITH GO TO THE DEFINITIONS.

Liz: I don’t know what to do! I think my computer is going to go off. It makes really strange noises.
Laila: Maybe your computer has a virus.
Liz: Maybe, but when I’m listening to music the volume goes up and gets really loud or goes down and I can’t
hear anything.
Laila: You can ask Peter at the IT department to check your computer.
Liz: I will, but to be honest I think I have to decide to go for a new computer or fix the old one.
Laila: Talk to Peter first, and then you can decide.
Liz: I’ll call him right now because I really need to go over this. Yesterday I gave the down payment for a new
car and I won’t have enough money.
Laila: Having a car is your dream and you need to go after it. Don't worry! Peter is great and he will help you.
Liz: Thank you! And you? You look worried.
Laila: My husband and I want to go away for the weekend but we don’t
know if we could go on with this idea. His grandmother is really sick
and his mother doesn't go out a lot because she takes care of her.
We think she needs to take the weekend off.
Liz: That’s terrible. It is a difficult situation to go through.
Laila: Yes, it is especially when the rest of the family doesn’t go along
with my mother-in-law’s decisions. It’s really sad.
Liz: I hope everything works out for you. Let me know if you need
anything.
Laila: Thank you.

To agree or be
willing to accept Stop working / check the
To continue. To experience. explode.
something. details

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

To choose or
Try to catch Rise, increase / accept a To leave a
low, decrease building. To leave a place
suggestion.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

7. GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 3.

32
 8. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION FOR EACH SENTENCE.

1. I don’t want to see you now, go away / go along, please!

2. The thief thought he could escape but the police officer went up / went after him and caught him.
3. If you have a goal, you must go over / go for it and get it!
4. Losing a pet is really sad, nobody should go through / go away that experience.
5. During Black Friday all prices go out / go down. There are great offers!
6. I got scared because the lights went down / went off suddenly.
7. We must write a good essay because the teacher always goes on / goes over every detail.
8. Don’t give up! The show must go on / go after!

9. WRITE TEN SENTENCES ON YOUR NOTEBOOK USING THE PHRASAL VERBS YOU
LEARNT.

10. NOW, TELL A PARTNER YOUR SENTENCES.

LESSON E WRITING FOR INSTRUCTIONS

1. READ THE TEXT AND CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTIONS. LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR
ANSWERS.

Here are some tips to help you improve your English!

If you want to learn English, first we have to remember how we learned to speak Spanish when
we were babies; we didn’t learn Spanish by reading, speaking or writing. We learned by
listening to our parents who spoke to us calmly, lovingly and using simple words and
sentences. So, if we learned Spanish by listening, then we have to do a lot of listening activities
to learn another language, for example, (listen and read / write and watch / listen and see)
audiobooks.

(Find / Write / Answer) a short audio narrated by a native speaker, three to four minutes long,
about a topic that is interesting for you, (listen / hear / watch) to it several times, then (select
/ order / do) three to four sentences, (record / write / listen) these sentences with your own
voice on your cell phone and (listen / watch / write) to them until you feel that you can imitate
them with pronunciation, rhythm, intonation and speed similar to the original ones. Next,
(record / write / listen) yourself saying these sentences, (compare / write / listen) the original
audio to what you said, make the necessary adjustments and try again until you feel that your
sentences sound similar to the original audio.

(Listen / Watch / Write) to news or documentaries in English with presenters who have good
fluency and also, (listen / watch / see) English TV and movies with subtitles in English.
These tips can help you with your listening and pronunciation skills. You can do it!

33
 2. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND DECIDE IF THE SENTENCES BELOW ARE TRUE OR
FALSE.

1. According to the author, developing texts is the best way to learn a language. T F
2. We can infer that the author received love from his parents. T F
3. Recorded books are a bad option for learning a new language. T F
4. Listening to a story narrated by a person from Ireland is a good option to learn. T F
5. Imitate intonation is not a good idea. T F
6. We have to sound as similar to a native speaker as possible. T F
7. Being exposed to a language helps to learn it. T F
8. Subtitled are better than translated movies in order to learn. T F

3. SHARE WITH THE CLASS WHAT IS THE BEST WAY FOR YOU TO IMPROVE YOU
ENGLISH LEVEL.

4. WRITE A SHORT STORY BASED ON THE FOLLOWING IMAGES USING THE WORDS
FIRST, THEN / NEXT, LAST / FINALLY AND AFTER THAT.

1.

2.

3.

5. WORK WITH A PARTNER AND TALK ABOUT YOUR STORIES.

34
 GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 3

IMPERATIVES

• We use them to give instructions, directions or orders, they don’t require a

subject and the verb has to be in base form.

Write only with black ink.

Take the roundabout.
Turn off the lights.

• Imperatives can be used with a negative meaning, to create them we need the auxiliary don’t.

Don’t touch it.

Don’t push.
Don’t eat in class.

• Sometimes, the imperative can sound more polite if we say or write please at the beginning or at the end of
the sentence.

Please, hurry up.

Don’t use cellphones, please.

PHRASAL VERBS

Phrasal verbs are verbs composed by 2 or 3 words that have a single and usually very specific meaning.

The parts that compose a phrasal verb are: a verb and one or two prepositions.

Verb preposition preposition

GET UP
GET AWAY WITH

Phrasal verbs are very common in spoken English.

108
 Verbs Unit 3

• Get up: to move outside of the bed or to stand up after you sat down.
• Get along with: to have a good relationship with another person.
• Get in: to enter a car, a house or other closed spaces.
• Get off: to descend from a vehicle.
• Get over: to stop feeling bad about something and continue with life.
• Get across: to transmit a message or idea through the correct and clear use
of words.
• Get back: to return to a place after you left.
• Get away with: to obtain what you want or to do something bad without
being punished.
• Get behind: to not do things on time or in a slower pace.
• Get away: to escape, or to make the decision of taking a vacation unexpectedly.
• Go after: to follow somebody / try to get something.
• Go ahead: to start something.
• Go along: to agree or be willing to accept something.
• Go away: to leave a place.
• Go back: to return.
• Go down: to fall to the ground / to reduce price.
• Go for: to choose something.
• Go off: to stop working / explode.
• Go on: to continue.
• Go out: to leave a building.
• Go over: to examine or check something carefully.
• Go through: to experience something.
• Go up: to rise, increase.
• Go with: to choose something or someone.
• Take over: to have control over something.
• Take on: to undertake new responsibilities and activities.
• Take off: to remove clothes from your body.
• Take out: to put something outside a place.
• Take through: to explain something very well.
• Take after: to look like a family member.
• Take apart: to separate something into parts specially objects.
• Take away: to remove something from someone and keep it/them with you.
• Take back: to take something you bought to the store because it doesn't work.
• Take down: to lower something without removing it.
• Take up: to begin something new especially as a routine.

109
 1. COMPLETE THE IMPERATIVES BELOW WITH THE CORRECT VERB OR PHRASAL VERB.

get over give get back take go over

take through clean go up take back get up

1. Please, _____________ the kitchen.

2. Don’t _____________ the bus, use my car.
3. Hands up and_____________ me your money!
4. Are you sleeping? _____________ it’s very late!
5. _____________ him! You can find someone better.
6. Nicky, where are you? _____________ home right now!
7. Guys, let’s _____________ lesson 3, if you have questions, raise your hand.
8. Make the salaries _____________ Mr. President.
9. Sorry but my computer doesn’t work and I bought it yesterday. Please
_____________ it _____________ to the store.
10. Ok, breathe. Now, _____________ me _____________ to the events.

2. MATCH THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT PHRASAL VERB.

1. Please ____ those shoes to the store. They are too big. a. go back
2. You don’t need to _____ that alone. I’m here with you. b. go out
3. Please _____ my mom while I go to the supermarket. c. take off
4. Don’t _____ to that place. It’s horrible. d. take on
5. You need to _____ the situation now. e. take care of
6. Please, _____the policies and tell me if you have questions. f. take over
7. My sisters ____ many responsibilities at school. They’re crazy. g. go through
8. _____ and never come back! h. take back
9. When you go to church you have to _____ your hat or cap. i. go over

110
UNIT 7 What I Love
to Do

LESSON A HOBBIES AND PAST TIME ACTIVITIES

1. LABEL THE PICTURES USING THE WORDS FROM THE BOX.

exhibitions chess out for lunch concerts karaoke

the dishes golf around the world Netflix rope

1. 3. 5.

2. 4.

6. 8. 10.

7. 9.

57
2. COMBINE THE WORDS IN “A” WITH THE WORDS IN “B” AND WRITE THE COMPLETE
VERB PHRASE IN THE “ACTIVITIES” COLUMN. LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

A B

jump art exhibitions

play chess
watch out for lunch
wash concerts
sing karaoke
practice the dishes
like golf
go around the world
travel Netflix
see the rope

ACTIVITIES

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

3. USE THE PHRASES ABOVE AND WRITE THEM IN THE CHART ACCORDING TO YOUR
PERSONAL INTEREST. DO YOU HAVE THE SAME INTERESTS AS YOUR PARTNER?

I like to... I don’t like to...

58
 LESSON B WHAT I WANT TO DO

1. READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW.

My sister Yumiko

Yumiko is a very unhealthy person. She is overweight and she never

exercises. Recently, her doctor told her that she needs to stop
eating junk food or she will have a heart attack. The problem is that
Yumiko loves sweet food and she wants to eat it all day! She
promised to eat healthily, but she always ends up eating pastries or
candy. The other day she didn’t want to eat some donuts our sister
Mina forgot to take home, but she didn’t resist and chose to eat all
of them. A few hours later, she regretted eating the whole box of
donuts. I told Yumiko to try eating sugar free food or fruit, she
promised to do it, but I believe she will go on doing the same,
eating candy. I don’t mean to be pessimistic, but I know her very
well. After all, she is my sister. I remember seeing her eating a
whole cake when we were little. I hope to see her eating better and
that she realizes how much we love her and that she starts doing
something about this situation.

1. What could happen if Yumiko continues eating junk food?___________________________________________.

2. Why does Yumiko have difficulties with eating healthy?___________________________________________.
3. What did her sister Mina forget at Yumiko’s house?___________________________________________.
4. What did Yumiko regret?___________________________________________.
5. What did Yumiko’s sister recommend her to do?___________________________________________.
6. Does Yumiko’s sister believe she will stop eating junk food?___________________________________________.
7. What does the sister remember Yumiko doing when they were little?____________________________________________.

2. LOOK AT THE WORDS IN BOLD IN THE TEXT. HOW IS THE VERB WRITTEN AFTER THE
MAIN VERB? CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER.

a) In base form b) In -ing form c) Infinitive with to

3. GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 7.

59
 4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE VERBS FROM THE BOX. LISTEN AND
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.

choose love turn on play be watch tell visitv

1. I promise___________________________________________you the truth.

2. Paola hopes___________________________________________us next vacation.
3. My grandma wants her___________________________________________ the lights.
4. He promises ___________________________________________me all my life.
5. We don’t need ___________________________________________ a horror movie.
6. Our group wants___________________________________________ a new leader.
7. Omar needs___________________________________________ his sister this week.
8. That man chose ___________________________________________an origami teacher.

5. LISTEN AND WRITE 7 SENTENCES ON THE LINES. IDENTIFY THE VERBS IN INFINITIVE
AND WRITE THEM IN THE BOX.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

LESSON C TO EAT OR EATING

1. MATCH THE COLUMNS.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

love enjoy like dislike hate

60
 2. READ THE STATEMENTS AND THEN REWRITE THEM ON THE RIGHT COLUMN SO
THAT THEY ARE TRUE FOR YOU.

Are you so Mexican?

Mexican people’s likes, interests and
costumes are unique.

YOU

1. Mexicans love to eat tacos.

2. Mexicans love going to parties.
3. Mexicans like listening to mariachi music.
4. Mexicans like to spend time with family.
5. Mexicans hate to eat plain food.
6. Mexicans hate going out on cold days.
7. Mexicans enjoy eating spicy food.
8. Mexicans enjoy going to the beach.

3. GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 7.

4. LOOK AT THE IMAGES AND LABEL THEM USING THE WORDS FROM THE BOX.

see exhibitions buy bakery treats eat out go to concerts sing karaoke
wash the dishes have dinner travel around the world
save money listen to noisy neighbors

Tom
Becky

61
 5. BASED ON TOM’S AND BECKY’S LIKES AND DISLIKES FROM EXERCISE 4, COMPLETE
THE SENTENCES USING THE CORRECT VERB PATTERN AS IN THE EXAMPLE.

1. hates to listen to noisy

Tom _____________________________________________________________________ neighbors.
2. Tom _____________________________________________________________________ the dishes.
3. Becky _____________________________________________________________________ out.
4. Tom _____________________________________________________________________ exhibitions.
5. Becky _____________________________________________________________________ to concerts.
6. Tom _____________________________________________________________________ money.
7. Becky _____________________________________________________________________ around the world.
8. Becky _____________________________________________________________________ bakery treats.

6. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. IN SOME

SENTENCES BOTH FORMS ARE CORRECT.

1. Larry worked for hours but he needed eating / to eat a sandwich.

2. I promise telling / to tell Nina about my secret, she is my friend.
3. Laura helped their children to do / doing their homework.
4. The exam was over, the teacher hope giving / to give the students the results as soon as possible.
5. I wanted telling / to tell you the little dog was very sick, but I couldn’t contact you.
6. When you are in class, promise paying / to pay attention to your teacher, please.
7. I hate to have / having lunch in restaurants. The food isn’t very fresh.
8. Diana offered buying / to buy a present for my sister, her birthday is tomorrow.
9. Matt dislikes eating / to eat pasta because it is bad for his health.
10. Did you choose watching / to watch the romantic movie?

LESSON D ON THE WEEKEND

1. LOOK AT THE PICTURES. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS GOING TO HAPPEN?

62
 2. READ THE TEXT QUICKLY AND CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.

1. Teresa’s family does outdoor / indoor activities together.

2. Teresa and her family eat / don’t eat lunch at home on weekends.
3. Teresa loves / hates going to the zoo.
4. Teresa’s brother is / isn’t good at chess.
5. Teresa wants / doesn’t want to be like her brother.

3. READ THE TEXT AND CHOOSE TRUE OR FALSE.

Theresa's Family Weekend

Hi, my name is Teresa. I am from New York and I want to tell you about some of the activities
I prefer to do on weekends when all my family is at home. We usually have meals and do
some outdoor activities together.

On weekends, my family and I love to go out for lunch. We really love Chinese food so we like
to go and have lunch at a nice restaurant near home. The worst thing is that it is sometimes
closed and when it happens we really hate going to different restaurants because we have
faced terrible situations. After having lunch, we usually like to take a walk to Central Park,
Castle Clinton or Fort Tilden Park. I love animals, I always choose to visit the zoo in Central
Park. I really enjoy admiring fantastic animals there. I love feeding and taking
pictures of animals.

I have a brother who is good at playing chess. So, after a short walk
around the park we sometimes go with my brother to see him play.
He is an excellent player; he began to play many years ago. Since
he was a little boy he always wanted to play professionally but my
father asked my brother to get good grades at school first, so
he promised to get good notes and he did. Then he was able to
join a club and started playing professionally. I really hope to be
like my brother one day.

1. Teresa’s family always gets together on week days. TRUE FALSE

2. Teresa’s family likes to eat lunch at a specific restaurant on weekends. TRUE FALSE
3. Teresa loves to visit animals in the zoo. TRUE FALSE
4. Teresa has two little brothers who play professional chess. TRUE FALSE
5. Teresa’s brother started to play chess since he was a little boy. TRUE FALSE
6. Teresa and her cousin want to be like his brother. TRUE FALSE
7. Teresa’s brother is a good student. TRUE FALSE
8. Teresa admires her brother. TRUE FALSE
63
 4. WRITE A SHORT PARAGRAPH DESCRIBING THE ACTIVITIES YOU LOVE OR HATE TO
DO ON WEEKENDS. INCLUDE THE VERBS BELOW. USE THE TEXT IN EXERCISE 1 AS AN
EXAMPLE.

love enjoy hate want choose

want like promise need hope

LESSON E PEOPLE’S LIKES AND DISLIKES

1. LISTEN TO CARLOS AND ANDREA TALK. COMPLETE THE CHART WITH THE
ACTIVITIES THEY LIKE OR DISLIKE.

love like enjoy dislike hate

Carlos

Andrea

Both

64
2. INTERVIEW A CLASSMATE ABOUT THE ACTIVITIES HE OR SHE LIKES OR DISLIKES
TO DO AND FILL IN THE CHART.

People’s likes and dislikes

Your
QUESTIONS You
classmate

IN THE MORNING

Wake up early?

Be late?

Drink coffee?

AT SCHOOL

Make presentations?

Work in teams?

Have lunch in the cafeteria?

ON WEEKENDS

Do housework?

Do homework?

Wake up late?

65
3. WRITE A PARAGRAPH CONTRASTING YOUR OWN INFORMATION AND YOUR
CLASSMATE’S INFORMATION.

66
 GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 7

VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

• We use infinitives after some verbs and gerunds after other verbs, some verbs can
be followed by both forms (gerund or infinitive).

• An infinitive is a verb that is not conjugated and usually takes the preposition TO, for example: to win, to be,
to help, to go.

• A gerund is a verb + ing that is treated like a noun, they can be the subject or the object in a sentence, and
some examples are: dancing, sleeping, reading, running.

VERBS FOLLOWED BY VERBS FOLLOWED BY

AN INFINITIVE AN INFINITIVE OR A GERUND

I hope to win the lottery.

I love to dance. / I love dancing.
You want to be healthy.
You enjoy to sleep. / You enjoy sleeping.
He chooses to be patient.
She hates to read. / She hates reading.
We promise to help you.
We like to run. / We like running.
You need to go.

USE THESE VERBS IN AFFIRMATIVE,

USE THESE VERBS
NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE
IN ANY TENSE SENTENCES

(+) I love to dance.

I hope to win the lottery.
(-) You don’t enjoy sleeping
You wanted to be healthy last year.
during the day.
He chose to be patient that day.
(?) Does she hate to read?
We promised to help you.
(?) How much do you like running?
You will need to go.

120
 1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE VERBS IN PARENTHESES.

1. Linda enjoys__________________________ (dance) under the rain.

2. Christian and Amanda’s daughter hated __________________________ (eat) artichokes when she was little.
3. Sophie won’t chose __________________________ (study) that major.
4. You promised __________________________ (help) with my project Mike!
5. Does Martha need me________________________ (clean) the bathroom for her?
6. We don’t need __________________________ (attend) classes next Monday.
7. When I buy clothes, I always choose __________________________ (go) to the mall.
8. Do you like __________________________ (watch) horror movies?
9. My mother hopes __________________________ (have) enough time to cook.
10. I don’t like __________________________ (visit) Laura on Sundays.

2. ARRANGE THE WORDS TO CREATE SENTENCES.

1. tomorrow / Martha / shopping / to / go / wants

2. eating / loves / She / healthy / food

3. do / to / we / didn't / that / promise

4. to / doesn't / with / be / the / baby / like / his / uncle

5. working / does / company? / enjoy / for / that / Richard

6. sunday / to / The / need / won't / teacher / you / come / next

7. my / to / for / stay / I / with / chose / Christmas / brother

3. COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH USING THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS FROM THE
BOX.

need love hope enjoy hate promise want (x2) like choose

My sister Tamiko is an inspiration for me, she (1) _____________ giving me recommendations about my health, I
am a little overweight and my doctor told me I (2) _____________ to lose weight because I can have a heart attack;
the problem is that I (3) _____________ eating cakes and many kinds of sweet food. I don’t (4) _____________ to be
heavy, but I didn’t (5) _____________ to be born with this predisposition to being overweight! I want to be fit, but I
(6) _____________ exercising every day, it is horrible! I really don’t understand how my sister (7) _____________
running every morning, she always (8) _____________ me to get up at 5:30 in the morning to go running, and I get
really tired by noon; to get energy, I eat a little donut or two. Last month, I (9) _____________ my sister and my
doctor to do everything possible to get healthy, but honestly I don’t like this lifestyle, I (10) _____________ to lose
enough weight fast so I can go back to eating pastries and cakes!

121
UNIT 1 @Hidalgo_Tech

LESSON A SAN FRANC -e- SCO INTRAFAIR

1. MATCH THE PEOPLE (1-8) TO THE OBJECTS THEY HAVE (A-H).

a. I have a drone e. I have laser lights

b. I have a fair souvenir f. I have a typical dish
c. I have pyrotechnic g. I have a ticket
d. I have a loudspeaker h. I have a laptop

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.
 2. MANY ENGLISH WORDS HAVE THE SAME VOWEL SOUNDS BUT DIFFERENT
SPELLINGS. MATCH THE NOUNS 1-8 TO THE WORDS A-H WITH THE SAME SOUND.
THEN LISTEN AND CHECK.

1. Lap a. Seeker
2. Ticket b. Later
3. Dish c. Pyrogenic
4. Laser d. Lab
5. Speaker e. Cricket
6. Pyrotechnic f. Interfere
7. Souvenir g. Throne
8. Drone h. Fish

3. WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOU GO TO YOUR LOCAL FAIR? CHOOSE AN ANSWER

AND COMPARE IT WITH 2 CLASSMATES.

1. I buy typical dishes. 4. I always buy tickets to get on the rides.

2. I take my sunglasses with leds to dance. 5. A different one ______________.
3. I love watching the fireworks.

4. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATIONS AND PUT THE PHRASES IN ORDER (1-5). ONE
PHRASE IS NOT MENTIONED IN EACH LIST.

1. 2.

fair. Comm
Things in a on act
ivities
.
1. flying drones _______ 1. watch the lights performance _______
2. eat typical dishes_______ 2. try pastes and barbacoa_______
3. loudspeakers _______ 3. printed tickets _______
4. fair souvenirs _______ 4. can’t keep some as souvenirs _______
5. not to stand close _______ 5. digital tickets _______
6. laptop _______ 6. with laser lights _______
 5. LISTEN AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES.

1. You can’t ___________________________ it.

2. The most ___________________________typical dishes.
3. It ___________________________fantastic.
4. My favorite DJ is ___________________________.
5. He’s ___________________________his loudspeakers
and his laptop.
6. Continue telling me what things you like
___________________________at the fair.
7. I really enjoy ___________________________traditional
food.
8. They ___________________________an awesome
performance.
9. They are not ___________________________them
anymore.

6. WORK IN PAIRS. WRITE AND PRACTICE A CONVERSATION USING THE

INFORMATION BELOW. THEN CHANGE ROLES.

Student A: You want to go to the International Fair of

San Francisco in Pachuca Hidalgo. Try to persuade
your friend to drive you there.

Student B: You are a close friend but you are reluctant

about going because you have to drive 2 hours to get
there.
LESSON B SCIENTIFIC AUTOMATION

1. TAKE A LOOK AT THE PICTURE, DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE AND MAKE NOTES ON
WHAT YOU THINK THE LISTENING WILL BE ABOUT.

2. LISTEN TO A CONVERSATION ABOUT TECHNOLOGY IN THE STATE OF HIDALGO.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER AND WRITE IT NEXT TO EACH QUESTION.

1. Why does Emilio run fast? _____

a. He has a lot of news.
b. He wants to talk to his grandfather.
c. He wants to discuss with his grandfather.

2. What does his grandfather remember? _____

a. He remembers reading articles on the
computer.
b. He remembers being into technological
news.
c. He remembers reading a similar topic.

3. What does his grandfather think about

scientists? _____
a. He thinks they are very capable.
b. He is realistic and he knows they are at
disadvantage.
c. He doesn’t say anything about scientists.
3. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE T FOR TRUE OR F FOR FALSE IN THE LINES.

1. I’m going to tell you about a national race. ___________

2. Our scientific community always tries to do the best for us. ___________
3. I am usually informed about these topics. ___________
4. Scientific community often has important ideas. ___________

Present Simple.

I/you/we/they try I/you/we/they don’t try Do you/we/they try…?

He/she/it tries He/she/it doesn’t try Does he/she/it try …?

Adverbs of Frequency.

100%
1. Our scientific community
always tries to do the best for us.
Always
75%
2. Scientific community often
has important ideas.
usually
50%
3. He sometimes reads
technological articles.
sometimes
25%
4. I am rarely informed about
these topics. rarely

0%
5. The teacher never gives the
children new apps.
never
 4. REFER TO THE INFORMATION ABOVE AND WRITE THESE SENTENCES IN THE
CORRECT COLUMN.

1. It is used to talk about things in general. 3. It is used to talk about habits and routines.
2. It is commonly used before the main verb. 4. It goes after the verb to be.

PRESENT SIMPLE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY.

5. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING ARTICLE WITH THE SIMPLE PRESENT OF THE VERBS IN
BRACKETS.

Mining Technology.
Real de Monte is located fifteen minutes from the capital of Hidalgo, it 1___________ (be)
the highest inhabited place in Mexico. It 2___________ (have) a fantastic mining region and
witnessed the birth of a passion for soccer. People always 3___________ (tell) visitors that
the first football match in Mexico was played here. Real del Monte 4___________ (be) one
of the tourist emblems of Hidalgo and 5___________ (belong) to the Mountain Corridor
Route. In 1824 the English arrived to this place, with the most advanced mining
technology that existed in the world at that time. The museum “Mina La Dificultad”
6___________ (exhibit) a sample of the transition from vapor to electrical machinery. The
museum also has an iconic chimney, huge cellars and the famous winch which still
7___________ (work). People in “Mina La Dificultad” 8___________ (not / excavate) the mine
anymore, they are digging a branch next to “La Dificultad” and they 9___________(do) it
the way their great grandparents used to. The workers usually 10___________(eat) “pastes”
which is also a traditional food in the region. The museum 11___________(open) at 10 am
and 12___________(close) at 6 pm. A great place to admire our old technology.
 6. COMPLETE THE PERCENTAGES COLUMN AND WRITE SENTENCES USING ADVERBS
OF FREQUENCY.

100%

75%

50%
sometimes Emilio sometimes plays with his soccer ball.

25% My grandfather is rarely late for an appointment.

rarely

0%

7. WORK IN PAIRS. USE THE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY AND THE PRESENT SIMPLE TO
ASK AND ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT THESE TOPICS.
Example:
A: How often do you read scientific topics? B: Two or three times a month

1. Read scientific topics.

2. Travel around the state of Hidalgo.
3. Learn about new technologies in our state.
4. Clean the environment.
5. Try new typical food.
6. Share places of Hidalgo on social media.
7. Support local events.
8. Visit magic towns.

8. WORK IN GROUPS. USE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY AND THE PRESENT SIMPLE.

WRITE AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES ABOUT 2 TOPICS IN EXERCISE 7.
READ YOUR SENTENCES TO ANOTHER GROUP AND THEY HAVE TO GUESS WHICH
THE TOPICS ARE. THEY HAVE 20 SECONDS TO GUESS.
 LESSON C ANCIENT TECHNOPHILES

1. BEFORE YOU READ, DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE.

1. How old is the oldest person that you know?

2. How much does that person know about technology?
3. Does she/he like it?

Old and exposed.

Santiago de Anaya. July/2020. Santiago de Anaya is famous for its high number of indigenous people, with
strong ethnic beliefs but also is a fantastic place because people live happy, they have such a quiet life and
respect for the environment. People usually grow their own vegetables, they always work in the fields, they
spend the afternoons with their friends in the local plaza, they go there to walk and to ride their horses.
Breeding animals is a common activity and also spending time playing soccer or basketball, flying kites or
even practicing bare knuckle boxing is a typical activity. People from other parts of the state come here to
learn from them, how they live, what they eat and how they do it.

A few months ago, the town’s life changed drastically when an invitation to become part of a new era arrived
from the state authorities, the era of technology in their own town had arrived. To begin with, the citizens
had to learn how to read figures and outlines, in order to create their own stoves and kitchen supplies.

This is what the people had to learn:

• Change their regular routines

• Learn basic maths
• Do basic calculations
• Apply heat and fire to metal
• Design their own supplies, as stoves, pots or ovens
• Interact with other people from the town
• Ask everything they don’t know to the ones in charge
• Work in teams

Nowadays, this is a common activity among the residents and especially to the oldest ones. They really
enjoy it, not only because they are in contact with new technological things but also because they can sell
those products and have an extra income.
 2. COMPLETE THE TABLE WITH ACTIVITIES MENTIONED IN THE ARTICLE. ADD -ING TO
THE VERBS WHERE NECESSARY.

Do Go Play

Riding a horse

3. ADD THESE ACTIVITIES TO THE TABLE IN EXERCISE 2. THEN ADD ONE MORE
ACTIVITY TO EACH COLUMN.

sports hiking homework nothing running shopping

tennis the piano yoga athletics sports dices

4. LISTEN TO A RADIO INTERVIEW. ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE?

1. Maribel is traveling to every single town of Hidalgo. T F

2. They are in a studio. T F
3. In her story, women do not help men to aid the coyote. T F
4. In Maribel’s memory, local people are cutting trees and destroying the surroundings. T F
5. The 54 ethnic groups gather together every time they can. T F
6. Family bonds and respect are the least important aspects in indigenous regions. T F
 5. READ THE SENTENCES BELOW. WHICH THREE USE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE?
WHY? DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE.

1. Men create their kitchen supplies and women are selling them.
2. I have a picture in my mind.
3. My father is driving the car.
4. The oldest ones are giving talks about the importance of nature.
5. What they eat and how they look.
6. They have a strong belief in nature.

6. THE OTHER TWO SENTENCES IN EXERCISE 5 USE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

TENSE. HOW DO YOU FORM THIS TENSE? MATCH THOSE SENTENCES TO THE
FUNCTIONS A, B AND C.

Sentences

a. To talk about things happening at the moment of speaking.

b. To talk about things happening around now but not necessarily at
the moment of speaking.
c. To talk about current trends and changing situations.

Present Continuous Tense.

I am driving I’m not driving Am I driving?

You/we/they are driving You/we/they aren’t driving Are you/we/they driving?
He/she/It is driving He/she/it isn’t traveling Is he/she/it driving?

For more information and practice check the Grammar Reference.

7. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT

CONTINUOUS FORM OF THE VERBS IN THE TABLE.

Live Have Travel Stay Listen to Invite Work Give

1. I ________________ a fantastic time walking through the oldest towns during these days.
2. Regional girls ________________ as hard as men do.
3. For this summer, I ________________ in San Lorenzo to avoid getting sick.
4. How often _____ you ___________ to indigenous towns?
5. Right now, I __________________ a fantastic mariachi playing my favorite song.
6. Indigenous people __________________ in Santiago de Anaya.
7. Sshh, Listen. Maribel ________________him to visit indigenous communities next vacation.
8. Old people ________________ talks to foreigners on how to protect the land.
 LESSON D HAPPIOLOGY

1. WHICH OF THESE ACTIVITIES MAKE YOU FEEL HAPPY? ORDER THEM FROM 1 TO 5 (1
IS THE HAPPIEST). DISCUSS YOUR CHOICES WITH A CLASSMATE.

a. Getting a good night's sleep.

b. Eating what I like.
c. Learning new things.
d. Going out with friends.
e. Spending a complete day watching movies.

2. SKIM THE TEXT. WHICH OF THESE THREE SENTENCES WOULD BE THE BEST
SUMMARY?

1. Happiness comes from water and its rivers.

2. Technology may help raise happiness or it might result the other way around, if it is not well focused.
3. Happiness and technology can be measured by applying a well conducted survey.

Happiness and Technology.

Only an hour's drive from the
state's capital is the municipality
of Ixmiquilpan, a place where
old and new, wet and dry, green
and dried up converge. A town
left behind in the past but
nowadays, it is one of the most
visited places in the region. Life
span, work, fun and happiness
for many residents is improving.
It is becoming more and more
popular in the region and among where innovation, technology,
tourists. Citizens from this applied science and electronics
municipality are aware that if are growing as fast as crops in
they do not bet on technology, the rainy season. It is a fact that
natural resources will extinguish many different things are
in a short period and once again, happening in the state’s capital.
their hometown will be left out
to forgetfulness. A city that has brought Silicon
Valley to its own Metropolitan
Not even 70 kilometers from Area. The institute of Harvard
Ixmiquilpan, there's a place has decided to implement one
of their most ambitious projects strategy, they will obtain and
in Hidalgo, a project which implement the best possible
promises to bring prosperity to option to maintain its thermal
the region, and to solve many rivers and their water parks
social problems which this which allow them to have a
society is encountering. regular income.
Professionals are getting trained
to be able to identify, analyze One of the researchers started
and apply this new asking them many questions
methodology in order to attack, because he wanted to know
eliminate and restore any why these people seemed to be
damages which the problematic full of euphoria. He asked, how
may have caused. much they earn a month, how
healthy they feel and how changed. Today, they live with
People from Ixmiquilpan have secure their hometown is? He joy, they are grateful for what
decided to bring many was amazed because the they have, they are really living
professionals enrolled in this citizens were pretty normal, life and they want to keep it as it
program to develop and nothing special between him is no matter what. Transform
implement a strategy to and them, so what was it? He Hidalgo and the institute of
maintain and recover damaged thought about it all the trip, Harvard accepted the challenge
sites and why not? to teach when they got there, he finally to find a technological
them and their neighbor found the answer to his approach to preserve these
communities how to coexist questions, and that is, people beautiful ecosystems, the
with their surroundings and to from Ixmiquilpan used to live program's leader PhD Ramon
obtain a touristic benefit from it. under the weather, no hope of Alberto Sanchez believes this is
People are very optimistic, they making their lives better but the real heart of the program, to
assure that with help of local when a local resident be able to help Hidalgo’s society
authorities, automation but discovered the gorgeous rivers with real actions not just by
most important with Harvard’s beneath them everything filling a bunch of documents.
 3. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER A, B OR C

1. It is in the first paragraph and it is a consequence of happiness. _________

a. technology b. lifetime c. more people
2. An aspect which is happening in the state nowadays is. _________
a. freedom b. technology and applied science c. happiness.
3. Silicon Valley is mentioned in the text as an example of .... _________
a. development b. happiness c. life span
4. People from Ixmiquilpan wish to … _________
a. have more tourism b. have more money c. preserve nature.
5. What’s life like in Ixmiquilpan today? _________
a. full of water b. full of waterparks c. full of hope
6. Hot underground water is considered as… _________
a. hot water b. thermal c. good for health
7. The project leader says that this is the heart of the program _________
a. the objective b. the guidelines c. the experiences.

4. IDENTIFY ONE WORD IN EACH SENTENCE THAT REFERS TO EITHER TECHNOLOGY

OR HAPPINESS. WRITE IT ON THE LINE.

1. Not even 70 kilometers from distance, there's a place where innovation, technology, applied science and
electronics are growing as fast as crops in the rainy season. ________________
2. People there are very optimistic and they assure that with help of local authorities, automation, and most
important with Harvard’s strategy. ________________
3. A researcher started asking them many questions because he wanted to know why these people seemed to
be full of euphoria. ________________
4. Today, they live with joy, they are grateful for what they have, they are really living life and they want to keep
it as it is no matter what. ________________

5. WORK IN GROUPS. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS. TAKE TURNS ASKING AND

ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS, MAKE SURE EVERYONE PARTICIPATES.

1. How happy do you think you are?

2. Old people tend to say “the happy ones never get sick” To what extent do you agree?
3. What do you think are useful categories to measure happiness?
4. How technological do you think you are?
5. How can someone measure technology?

6. HOW HAPPY ARE YOU?

1. Work in the same group.

2. Now make a list of five categories to measure happiness and five categories to measure technology (ie:
Happiness; money, sleep, love… Technology: investment, willingness, availability ...).
3. Then have everyone in the group give a score for each category (1=very happy, 2=happy, 3=ok, 4=not very
happy).
4. How happy is your group?
5. Have two members of the group present your categories and results to the class.
 LESSON E MY FIRST MAGIC E-TOWN

1. DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE:

Many people look for information on the internet about places they intend to visit. Do you think this is a good
idea? Why?

2. READ THE ONLINE FORUM AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

1. What problem does each person have?

2. Do you think the advisor gives them good suggestions?
3. Can you think of a better one?

www.myelessons.page

TRAVEL E-HIDALGO WITH BILLIE :)

Ciria: I am looking for a place to stay during my next vacation, but I want a quiet place surrounded by nature where I

can breathe clean air and eat something fresh. Do you think there is something like this here in Hidalgo?

Billie: I’m completely positive. It is only 30 kilometers from Pachuca. It is the most relaxing place near the city. There

you can find trout which are from the lagoon in front of you. You cannot have anything fresher than that and also,

there are beautiful cabins where you can rest and forget about the world, everything surrounded by pine trees and

local nature. Go there immediately!

Leslie: Hi, I live in a small town and I really want to experience night life with my friends. We are thinking of going to a

city but we are not sure because we want a secure place where we can walk from the hotel to the clubs and shops

without fear. Help please :(

Billie: Let me think about it. No, I’m joking! That place exists, its name is Pachuca. It is a city where you can walk at

midnight and no one will attempt to hurt you. It has hotels all over the city and they are very affordable just in case.

Clubs, cafes, sports bars, a soccer stadium or everything that you can think of, it’s there so what are you waiting for?

Guillermo: Hey hey hey, It’s me Guillermo. Hey, by any chance do you know a place where I can celebrate my golden

wedding? You know me, I would like a peaceful town but not too quiet, a little bit cold, maybe a touristic place but not

too crowded and of course with a beautiful church to celebrate my wedding mass. Just tell me good news, please.

Billie: 50 years now, wow incredible. I know the right place for you my old friend. This place is a magical town and just

for your information it is the first town in Mexico to be named Magical town. It will take me hours to tell you all the

amazing places there are, so pay attention carefully because I will tell you about the best place. The farm “Santa Maria

Regla” is a magical place full of stories, mysterious corners, natural spaces, memories and a chapel but don’t think it’s

an ordinary chapel, this chapel is baroque style where you can celebrate your wedding, Santa Maria Regla is also a

hotel and they have weddings, an all-included service. Go and get married there. You can thank me later. Its name is

Huasca de Ocampo, proudly the first magical town in Hidalgo and in Mexico.
 3. CONJUNCTIONS “AND, OR, SO, BUT, BECAUSE”. LOOK AT EXAMPLES OF THESE
CONJUNCTIONS IN EXERCISE 2 AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING RULES.

1. We use _______________________ to connect two words or parts of a sentence.

2. We use _______________________ to introduce an idea that is different.
3. We use _______________________ to say “with the result that”.
4. We use _______________________ to explain the reason.
5. We use _______________________ to connect an alternative word or idea.

4. IMAGINE YOU WANT THE ADVISOR TO SUGGEST A SPECIAL PLACE IN ONE OF THE
MAGIC TOWNS IN HIDALGO.

1. Choose a town.
2. Then write a message to Billie asking for his suggestion.
3. Use conjunctions.
4. Write between 60 to 80 words.

5. EXCHANGE YOUR MESSAGE WITH A CLASSMATE.

1. Imagine you are Billie.

2. Write a reply with two or three recommendations.
3. Remember to use conjunctions too.
 GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 1

SIMPLE PRESENT.

• Use the present simple to talk about:

1. Actions in our daily 2. Likes or dislikes 3. Facts that are always

routine true

• She visits Real del Monte • We like regional • A year lasts 365 days
every weekend. chocolate. • A day lasts 34 hours
• They don't go to Pachuca • She doesn't like typical
on Mondays. food.

• Affirmative
+
The present simple affirmative form consists of the infinitive for subjects I, you, we and they.

I / You visit
Real del Monte every year
We / You / They visit

Add -s to the base form of the verb for sentences where the subject is he, she and it.

He visits Real del Monte every month.

She loves chocolate.
It includes a lot of exercises.

• Negative
-
Form the present simple negative form with:
subject (I, you, we, they) + do not/ don't + base form
subject (he, she, it) + does not / doesn't + base form

• Negative Full Form • Negative Short Form

I / You do I / You don't

not visit Real visit Real del

He / She / It does del Monte He / She / It doesn't Monte every
every month. month.
We / You / We / You /
do don't
They They
 • Questions
?
1. Form present simple questions with:
do + subject (I, you, we, they) + base form
does + subject (he, she, it) + base form

2. Form present simple positive short answers with:

Yes, I / you / we / they + do.
Yes, he / she / it + does.

3. Form present simple negative short answers with:

No, I / you / we / they + don't.
No, he / she / it + doesn't.

Do I / You
visit Real del Monte
Does He / She / It
every weekend?
Do We / You / They

• Positive Short Answers • Positive Short Answers

Yes, I / You do No, I / You don´t

Yes, He / She / It does No, He / She / It doesn´t

Yes, We / You / They do No, We / You / They don´t

1. CHANGE THE SENTENCES FROM POSITIVE TO NEGATIVE AND VICE VERSA.

1. Emilio learns history about his state in his school.

Emilio does not learn history about his state in his school.

2. People regularly visit Zimapan during summer.

3. Every year, Santiago de Anaya celebrates a fantastic gastronomic fair.

4. In Apan, Hidalgo, Charreria belongs to local folklore.

5. In Valle del Mezquital people scrape agave to obtain Pulque.

6. Pulque helps the immune system and also is an antioxidant.

7. Hidalguenses eat pastes of different typical dishes.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

• Adverbs of frequency in simple present are used to say how often an action happens.

• To ask someone about the frequency they do an activity, we use the question word “how + often”:
How often do you go to the cinema?

• Put adverbs of frequency before the main verb…

I always listen to Mexican regional
…but after the verb to be.
I'm usually at home in the afternoons.

100% 95% 60% 30% 0%

always usually often sometimes never

Once: one time Twice: two times

2. COMPLETE THE CONVERSATIONS WITH THE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY IN THE BOX.

1. Carlos: How _______________ do you travel to the mountains of Hidalgo?

Brenda: I go there _______________ because I go to visit my parents.
2. Karla: Those cars _______________ look different. They have logos from Hidalgo.
Erik: Yes, they pass here at least _______________, there’s a famous car shop around the corner, that’s why.
3. Alan: Why do they _______________ argue about the same topic? It is very repetitive!
4. Bertha: I really like the library in my town, I _______________ find what I’m looking for.
Adriana: My story is different, I _______________ find useful information.
5. Juan: She _______________ talks about herself, do you know why?
Roberto: Yes, she _______________ does it because she doesn’t speak Spanish.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

The present continuous tense is used to talk about

• Actions happening right now • Temporary situations
I am doing my homework, please be quiet. We are taking lesson at home this term because of the
pandemic.
• Affirmative
We form a sentence in present continuous tense with Subject + auxiliary verb “to be” + verb in gerund (ing form)

+ - ?
• Affirmative • Negative • Interrogative

• I am taking piano lessons
• She is living abroad now
• We are having a
videoconference.
• I am not reading that • Are you taking online
book; you can borrow it. lessons?
• She is not studying now; • Is she watching a movie?
she starts in September.
• They are not working
because the factory is
closed for inventory.
 3. PUT THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER.

1. for / living / is / in Huichapan / mother / my / her job

2. favorite / her / cheering / at the stadium / she / is / team

3. the museum / remodelating / the government / is

4. I / family / dinner / having / am / my / with

5. touristic / visiting / not / People / attractions / are

6. reading / I / make / noise, / am / don't

SIMPLE PRESENT VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

• We use the Simple Present to describe routines, likes and dislikes, general facts, or states. We use the
Present Continuous to describe actions happening now and temporary situations.

For Present Simple Use = subject + verb / For Present Continuous use = subject + be + verb-ing.

• Simple Present • Simple Present

Used for routines (the things people do Used for something happening now:
every day or very often)
• Harry is watching his favorite TV show
• I wash the dishes every day. (right now).
• Don't interrupt. We're studying.
Used for likes and dislikes and with the
verbs like, love, hate, can’t stand, don’t Used to talk about temporary
mind and enjoy. situations:

• I like going to the movies with many • I'm taking a dance lesson this month.
friends. • My brother is living in Chicago this
year.
Used for facts that are generally true at
Lorem ipsum Use the present continuous with now,
all times:
at this moment, this week, these days,
• Doctors help patients. etc.

Use the present simple with adverbs of • This week, we're going out every
frequency. evening.

• People usually stand on the right side

on the escalator.
 4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE VERBS IN BRACKETS.

1. I ____________________ (try) to upload the software to my robot.

2. Students ____________________ (use) their cell phones to search for technological gadgets.
3. I always ____________________ (do) my house chores in the evening but today I ____________________ (study) for my
computing test.
4. They ____________________ (working) in El cedral for this summer and they ____________________ (say) it’s awesome.
5. She ____________________ (live) in Tulancingo for this year, I can’t ____________________ (wait) to see her.
6. Summer regularly ____________________ (bring) tourists to our magic town but weather conditions
____________________ (affect) our state.

Stative Verbs

• Many verbs do not describe an action. Examples include be and hate. These verbs are called stative verbs.
We usually use stative verbs in the simple present tense, NOT in the present continuous.

• Stative verbs include most verbs that discuss what you know, think, or feel: I love this cake, what you believe:
l believe in her, what you see or hear: I hear a noise!

• What you own: I have a dog, or just ways of being: I am enthusiastic. They don't talk about actions.

• More stative verbs include: appear, have, hear, look, miss, see, smell, taste, think and weigh.

1. I am believing social aspects are improving in Hidalgo.

I believe social aspects are improving in Hidalgo.

2. I think I am knowing your state more and more.

3. It is appearing to me that we are facing the digital era.

4. I am having a new computer at home. What about you?

5. What is that smell? It is smelling really bad.

6. I am hearing how the water is coming down from the basaltic prisms.