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History of China

Historical differences are the ways that vary in the peoples' norms and conventions of

carrying out things like trade, language, and other communal practices. Each community has

unique ways to believe in different things, like what they should consume or get in touch with.

Causes dictate the strategies that should be used in conducting several business transactions.

Since different cultures point to what should or should not be done, this heavily affects the

business world and other societies' present norms. This essay explains how the Chinese culture

affected their businesses and social activities during dynasties.

During the ancient period, the Chinese empire was the center of all Asian trades. It had

power over them and regulated exchanges in that period. Some countries like Japan and others

were not happy about that situation. In collaboration with the West, mainly the Americans, they

forced China to join an international trade where all the member states were equal. China did not

feel satisfied since it was the heart of trades in Asia initially. China also claimed that the equality

that the West talked about was only theoretical. Today, China is on the rise to reinstate its

position as the leader in trading. It is noticeable that China is among the top five superpower

countries. China's most significant population provides adequate skilled labor and workforce that

is crucial in the technological and manufacturing industries. From China's history of its position,

it is striving hard to get back in that state as far as trade is concerned.

Silk Road was established in the 2nd century, where it served as a trading route between

the East and the West. Asian traders used the routes available to transport spices, tea, cotton,

ideas, wool, and silk, and in return, they would get glassware, horses, manufactured goods, and

textiles (Liu, 2010). To ordinary people, the Silk Road was of great benefit. Ideas and religion

spread quickly through that route, and people were enlightened spiritually. Specialized materials
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and information traded along the Silk route enabled the Chinese empires to shift from using

analog equipment quickly. Some of this equipment helped in communication, security issues,

and production of goods at large. . In between the trading routes, robbers emerged due to the

high supply of products. They created risky situations for both the locals and the traders. Another

adverse effect of the Silk road was that the traders would transmit diseases to the people they

interacted with. A great example is the Black Death Plague in 1345-1400 that heavily affected

Europe killing about one-quarter.

Chinese political structure and governance were heavily affected by the establishment

and continued use of the Silk road. Political unrest was witnessed on different occasions among

the Chinese empires that existed. China was the only country it experienced great recognition

from several states; this gave China a strong stand among East and West nations. Along with the

silk trade, weapons like guns were traded. China initially manufactured gunpowder, then got

access to other weapons (Guan, 2018). By using these weapons, China overpowered its enemies

and expanded its colonies. During the Han dynasty, Emperor Wu conflicted with the nomadic

communities, Xiongnu that supplied him with horses weakened his army. To strengthen it, he

found a new supplier for horses, and on acquiring them, his military was reinforced once again.

Silk road had several changes in the political structures where the Chinese lived in empires, but

they were later changed to live under a single body of authority.

The "Age of Invention" is a period that is highly acknowledged in China and serves as

national pride. During this period, China made four great inventions; invention of paper,

printing, gunpowder, and the compass. Before China invented paper, they used to write on

wooden strips, shells, bamboos, shoulders of bulls, etc. (Molnar Xu 2019). Paper was introduced

in manufacturing silk, but it was expensive due to the scarcity of resources. Cai Lun, a court
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official, later produced a different type of paper from rags, barks, and other materials. This one

was cheap. After the invention of paper, China found the need to have printers. Printing was the

second Chinese invention. Their idea spread to far countries, including Japan, Korea, Vietnam,

and Europe. The third invention that China is credited with is gunpowder (Poor, 2020). "Ancient

necromancers discovered in their practice of alchemy that an explosion could be induced if

certain kinds of ores and fuel were mixed in the right proportions and heated, thus leading to the

invention of gunpowder." The final invention was the introduction of the compass. This is

known as the earliest guide tool to man's life. All these inventions have marked a heritage since

they are crucial to everyday routine besides being their inventions.

China lost its sovereignty to the British, and as a result, they were forced into joining the

trade of Opium. The British authorities imposed unfair trade policies to take advantage of China

(Bush, 2014). This happened after Britain weakened all Chinese empires and brought them

down. Missionaries tried hard to colonize full the land of China, but they were unable. Only a

few Chinese people were converted into Christians. The rest stuck to their rich cultural practices

and values. Though China benefited from the technological advancements introduced by the

Europeans, they were not satisfied with being ruled by other people while in their motherland.

The Chinese people were oppressed, and they did not enjoy any rights. Throughout the period,

China encountered several Opium wars that led to people's lives and properties. In addition,

industrialization established by the West people led to pollution and ruined China's natural

beauty. On the other hand, China immensely enjoyed, and it is still benefitting from

industrialization.

China and Japan are profoundly associated and comparable in numerous ways. Some of

this includes their common social roots, yet an authentic world point of view on Northeast Asia
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also shows how Chins and Japan have regularly followed comparable directions. In some cases,

on various occasions, in their endeavors to deal with their areas of advancement and the

Western-ruled worldwide power structure, their comparison is evident (Mitchell & McGiffert

2015). Their closeness makes their shared estrangement something of a riddle, not least because

there are other, conceivably more useful methods of seeing the connection between the two than

that exemplified in the set of experiences issue viewpoint. There are openings just as issues in

the common narratives of China and Japan. Assuming the connection between China and Japan

is in some significant ways characterized by the narcissism of slight contrasts, then, at that point,

the way to transform it is to adjust the verifiable viewpoints that help such a view.

The acceptance of Buddhism would be well viewed by the other developed adjoining

societies of Korea and China and upgrade Japan's standing as a rising enlightened country in East

Asia. For the very explanation, Chinese shows of court behavior, formal location and titles, and

the functions of dietary patterns and drinking were replicated. Once formally taken on,

researchers, priests, and understudies were consistently shipped off China to become familiar

with the fundamentals of Buddhism in more profundity and bring back that information,

alongside craftsmanship and even once in a while relic, to assist the Japanese public. After the

principal Sino-British War (Ward, 2011), China acknowledged the western impact. Later, the

Taiping development sped up China's cutting-edge history and advanced the Westernization

development. In the Qing Dynasty, the Westernization Movement set off an improving effort of

"gaining from outsiders to control the country," which continued for almost 35 years. The

Westernizations pushed the modern innovation and plan of action of the powers, utilizing the

authority. They advanced the improvement of the current industry to acquire solid military
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hardware, which expanded the income, reinforced public power, lastly kept up with the Qing

government authority.

In China, it is more essential to be a part of the family than what outsiders in the general

public consider themselves. It’s more identified with the way of life of Confucius, which

glorious accentuates family devotion. While Japanese individuals are exceptionally affable and

calm, they will often make boundaries and not tell their legitimate sentiments. Japanese

workplace, it's generally expected individuals share the weight of work, which regularly prompts

additional long periods of extra time work that they need to accomplish for other collaborators.

In Japanese workplaces, individuals don't work in one specific position (Dean, 2020). Whereas

in China, it's more like the American workplace, where individuals spend significant time in one

work and don't impart work weight to each other more often than not. Chinese hard-working

attitudes are reasonable and don't work after a decent time.

China and Japan cooperating to advance local financial collaboration in Asia experience

significant importance for harmony and security in Asia–Pacific district. Thirdly, in the political

and strategic field, space for collaboration is considerably more extensive. The up-and-coming

issue is to look for a proper answer for the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula (Hua, 2011).

There is both a need and an opportunity for closer Sino–Japanese relations despite genuine

challenges and possible conflicts. Current Sino–Japanese relations have great expectations,

especially expecting individuals to view and deal with the Sino–Japanese relations from an

essential stature and drawn-out viewpoint. Cordial conjunction and mutual benefit participation

are the leading best decisions by the vital interests of both China and Japan.

In conclusion, the research topic is vividly connected to social and business contexts.

China's history is based on rich cultural values, great innovations, and the establishment of the
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silk road. History carries remorse or happiness depending on the former situations and the

parties' relationship. The history of China is significantly affecting their current methods of

trading. China was forced into a relationship they did not want to in ancient times. The

Americans imposed policies that were disadvantageous to Chinese people. Today, China does

not have a desirable trade relationship with us. China is believed to use the pain they experience

as a barrier to limit America's goods into their country (Mitchell & McGiffert 2015). Socially,

China has grown due to reflecting its former relationship with the states it came into contact

with. China did not give up its culture, so they still enjoy its rich cultural values. History affects

trade, and learning this will help a potential business person succeed. One should be aware of the

techniques used, language, involved and goods traded, and the degree to how each community

values their culture.

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References

Bickers, R. (2017). Britain in China: community, culture, and colonialism 1900-1949.

Manchester University Press.

Bush, B. (2014). Imperialism and postcolonialism. Routledge.

Dean, B. (2020). China and Great Britain: The Diplomacy of Commercial Relations, 1860–

1864. Brill.

Guan, K. C. (2016). The maritime silk road: history of an idea. NSC Working Paper23, 1-20.

Hua, D. E. N. G. (2011). Comparison Between Japan and China——About Social Title. The

Guide of Science & Education, 09.

Liu, X. (2010). The Silk Road in world history. Oxford University Press.

Mitchell, D., & McGiffert, C. (2015). Expanding the “strategic periphery”: a history of China's

interaction with the developing world. In China and the Developing World (pp. 3-26).

Routledge.

Molnar, M., & Xu, H. (2019). Who patents, how much is real invention and how relevant? A

snapshot of firms and their inventions based on the 2016 SIPO China Patent Survey.

Poor, G. M. (2020). The Four Great Inventions: Technology, History, and Nationalism in

Modern China. The University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Ward, H. N. (2011). Christianity and Cultures: Japan & China in Comparison, 1543-1644.

Winter, T. (2016). One belt, one road, one heritage: Cultural diplomacy and the Silk Road. The

Diplomat, 29, 1-5.