M1 Assign 1: A Matrix of Crises, Critical Incidents and Disasters Based on Their Categories

PSY-140-1, Disaster and Mental Health

Natural Man-made Technological Brief explanation as to the proximate cause

Crisis, Critical Incident and/or Disaster Glitch/ of the crisis, critical incident or disaster
Mechanical
Error
X Volcanic Eruptions are a natural occurrence
1. Volcanic eruption (4 pts) in nature. It can be monitored but as for its
eruption’s estimations can only be made.
X Terror attacks are attacks that are formed by
2. September 11 terror attack (4 pts) people that revolts against something.
Whether is the government and other big
organizations. Terror attacks are usually
directed against areas where people are many
to really make their message known.
X Nuclear leaks often happen inside the factory
3. Nuclear leak after a strong earthquake that jolted Japan (4 pts) where a mechanical processing goes awry,
and things would start exploding and release
radiation all over the place.
X Sexual abuses are actions that are made by
4. Sexual abuse committed to a 4 year-old female child after the people who wanted to perform unwanted
perpetrator watched a pornographic film (4 pts) sexual activity with someone. People like this
often use force and threats to get what they
want.
X Getting traumatized is a natural response of a
5. Trauma experienced by an individual who witnessed a family person especially when something bad around
member from committing suicide (4 pts) them happened, with themselves or have
witnessed something. This happens when
something incomprehensible happen to
someone and were unable to properly cope

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 with it.
X Seeing someone die is a natural thing as death
6. Familial experience seeing a family die for the first time (4 pts) is also a natural thing. It is set to happen that
at one point in our life we’ll see someone in
our family die and experience a sense of loss
from it.
X Maritime accidents often happen when some
7. Sea vessel mishap (4 pts) of the objects in use are either defective or too
complicated to use.
X The pandemic really did cause a lot of
8. Post-pandemic mental health issues (4 pts) problem to a lot of people. Isolation, lack of
communication, panic, deteriorating
relationships, anxiety and not being able to go
out have more than likely caused someone to
have a mental health issue.
X With online learning many children have felt
9. Experience of grade school kids from being overwhelmed with so overwhelmed with the requirements and
online distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic (4 pts) did not know how to manage all of them.
Combined with the distracting house
environment, slow internet connection
children may get delayed and feel
overwhelmed with the situation.
X Being forced in a situation where adjustments
10. Experience of professors from doing voluminous online teaching have to be made immediately it is natural for
and teaching-related tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic (4 pts) professors to feel overwhelmed. Combining
with the household chores, distracting kids
and slow internet connection, they would
absolutely feel overwhelmed.
X The pandemic has caused so many problems
11. Anxiety and anxiety-related thoughts and emotions brought about to arise for many people. The rapid
by the fake news during the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions that happened in different cities
(4 pts) and communities heavily limited the capacity
of every people to go out and attend their

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 errands. Combine it with the looming panic,
worry, anxiety, rising prices. It can be a lot
for a person to handle which makes it natural
to experience anxiety and anxiety related
thoughts.
X Rituals are a series of actions repeated by
12. Experience of an attempted “hara-kiri” by a Japanese after people. Rituals are nowhere near natural and
experiencing shame or guilt (4 pts) is just evident in us humans. Rituals often
revolve from a simple serving of goods to
higher beings to sacrificing a life.
X Pools are manmade structures to provide an
13. Experience of almost drowning on the occasion of a birthday alternative to going to beaches. Birthday
celebration (4 pts) celebrations are also manmade traditions. In a
birthday party, kids are almost always
scattered around the area. Adults should
always keep an eye to their young children to
avoid drowning.
X Forest fires are very noticeable natural
14. Experience of being caught in the recent forest fire in California (4 disasters avoiding them would be an easy
pts) task, getting caught from it almost always
because a person is trying to rescue someone
or have chosen to go to an area where the
forest fire would be going next.
X Sexual predators are everywhere molestations
15. Child sexual molestation experienced by a 22 year-old female (4 happens to everyone. People like this would
pts) force themselves unto other people to get
what they like.

X Isolation is a natural problem that many

16. Experience of isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic after the people have experienced. We humans are
national government declared a mandated community quarantine social creatures and being deprived on human
(4 pts) interaction to our families, friends and love
interests it can really cause isolation issues.

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 X Saudi arabia is in famous for male rapes. The
17. Case of a Filipino male who was raped while working in Saudi people there do not chose gender. As long as
Arabia (4 pts) they see you not conforming with the clothing
they will see you as a target.
X Storm surges are natural atmospheric
18. Experience in Leyte during a storm surge (4 pts) disturbances. Being caught in it would be a
terrifying experience because of floods,
strong winds, flying objects.
X Hallucinations are natural sensory
19. Hallucinations experienced after not being able to eat and sleep occurrences in the human body created by the
during the COVID-19 pandemic (4 pts) brain. Hallucinations often happen to people
lacking some needs to provide in the brain
like sleep, food, and water.
X Medical frontliners put their lives at risk to
20. Experience of a medical frontliner who got sick of the COVID-19 provide service to other people. Them getting
virus after contaminating the same since he was assigned to do the sick because of contamination is a natural
nasal swabbing during the COVID-19 pandemic (4 pts) occurrence since the virus is a heavily
infectious.
Instructions: Generate a common theme from the reasons that you have earlier cited.
Conclusions (10 pts)
For natural disasters it reflects how storms, eruptions and fires are not the only basis for natural incident. It also happens in people especially their reactions and
experiences. It is important that natural incidents/disasters are some of the problems that appear unexpectedly and something that we do not know to have big impact
on us. Man-made incidents/disasters pose another level of threat, problems like things affect people of small population up to global. Rapes, abuses, molestations, and
wars can cause major riffs between people and how people trust to some people. With the latest kidnappings, also a manmade threat it is becoming harder and harder
to feel safe wherever we are. Although few, technological errors can cause big problems too. Taking a nuclear leak for an example. It can cause a whole city to be
unhabitable because of radiation. Maritime accidents can cause deaths of passengers and crew at the same time.

Recommendations (10 pts)

With natural incidents/disasters it is important to be aware of different situations and the reactions that people would have to different situations. The lack of awareness
in this area may end up putting a blame to the person instead of the situations. We cannot simply blame someone for reacting a certain way without looking at what
cause the reaction. It is also same with natural disasters; storms, and volcanic eruptions are natural occurrences and there would be no one to blame about when it
happens. In the midst of this problems, it is important to be prepared and have a proper response to de-escalate and manage the situation. As for Manmade problems it
is important to have a combination of being able to defend yourself, making good relationship with other people and being prepared at all situations. It really is

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 terrifying to realize that it’s not animals, ghosts, natural disasters that are most feared of but our own kind. We humans can do horrible things to each other. It is
important we surround ourselves with good people. Lastly, for technological error/mechanical error it is important that when we work, we keep proper attention to
what we do to avoid mishaps and miscalculations. One wrong move can cause a our own life or others.

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